HTRB600级高强钢筋高温下的力学性能

为研究600 MPa级高强钢筋高温下的力学性能,对HTRB600级热处理高强钢筋进行高温下的拉伸试验,分别测得其在20,200,300,400,500,600,700及800℃高温下的弹性模量、比例极限、屈服强度、极限强度及应力-应变曲线.试验结果表明:HTRB600级高强钢筋高温下屈服强度、极限强度、比例极限与弹性模量均随着温度的升高而显著降低.500℃时其高温下的弹性模量、比例极限、屈服强度与极限强度降低为不足常温下的50%,800℃时已不足常温下的10%.高温下HTRB600级高强钢筋应力-应变曲线随温度的升高逐渐趋于圆滑,当温度达到200℃时,屈服台阶就已消失.600 MPa级钢筋高温下屈服强度和极限强度的降低程度明显大于其他钢筋500 MPa以下强度的钢筋.最后提出了适用于HTRB600级高强钢筋的高温下应力-应变曲线简化计算模型.     

高温作用后石灰岩受压破裂过程的声发射试验研究

利用声发射测试和单轴压缩试验相结合的方法,研究了河南焦作矿区的石灰岩在100~800 °C高温压缩破坏条件下的声发射过程,结合不同温度下石灰岩的力学性质,分析不同声发射参数条件下石灰岩在不同受力阶段的声发射特点.结果表明：在高温作用下石灰岩出现了明显的声发射现象;石灰岩峰值应力随着作用温度的升高而不断降低,800 °C以后,峰值应力较600 °C时降幅达50%,但是峰值应变随着作用温度的升高而变化不明显;在400 °C以前,声发射振铃累计数均值随着温度的升高而增加,400 °C后随着温度的升高而不断降低;在600~800 °C时,试样呈现出明显的塑性破坏特征,高温致使石灰岩劣化,声发射试验中,振铃累计数大幅度降低,应力与应变和声发射特征参数变化规律较吻合.     

高温后轻质多孔混凝土力学性能试验

通过高温后轻质加气混凝土的力学性能试验,测得了抗压强度、弹性模量和峰值应变与温度的关系.试验表明:高温后轻质加气混凝土的抗压强度在100℃时略微提高,到300℃时逐渐下降,超过300℃时,强度变化不明显;在100℃以内,弹性模量基本保持不变,超过100℃后,弹性模量不断减小,与温度成线性关系;随着温度的升高,峰值应变逐渐增大,呈直线上升趋势.最后分析了不同温度下的应力-应变曲线,提出了高温后轻质加气混凝土的本构模型.     

加载速率对不同温度状态石灰岩力学性能影响的试验研究

借助美国MTS810电液伺服材料试验机和高温炉,对常温和600℃两种温度状态下石灰岩试件进行不同加载速率下的单轴压缩试验,得到石灰岩力学性能随加载速率的变化规律。结果表明:常温时,石灰岩岩样在3×10-4~3×10-3 mm/s的低应变率范围内,加载速率对峰值应力和弹性模量影响不大,在加载速率为3×10-3~3×10-1 mm/s的区段内,峰值应力和弹性模量均呈明显上升趋势;600℃时,峰值应力和弹性模量随加载速率增加变化不大。常温时,不同加载速率下石灰岩岩样均为竖向劈裂破坏,且在3×10-3~3×10-1 mm/s的加载速率区段中,随加载速率的增加,劈裂面逐渐增多;600℃时,石灰岩岩样在不同加载速率下均为剪切破坏。     

温度作用对石灰岩的热学与力学性能影响

温度作用对石灰岩性能的影响在液化天然气储存、核工程建设、地下煤气及地热资源开发等工程中均有涉及,为了研究石灰岩在不同温度环境下的热学及力学性能,通过自主研发的力-温度同步施加试验装置,对石灰岩进行了从常温至高温300℃以及从常温至低温-165℃的变温加载耦合试验。通过原位补偿方法,将温度与力引起的应变输出分离,进而得到石灰岩的线膨胀系数(CLTE)及其随温度的变化规律。通过加载试验,建立不同温度下的应力-应变关系曲线,进而得到石灰岩的弹性模量随温度的变化规律。试验结果表明:温度从0℃降温到-165℃时,石灰岩的线膨胀系数平均下降了86%,弹性模量下降了10%。当温度为30～300℃时,石灰岩的线膨胀系数平均提高了58%,弹性模量则增加了60%。     

国产Q550高强钢高温力学性能试验研究

通过稳态拉伸法对国产Q550高强钢高温力学性能进行试验研究,得到20~800℃下钢材的试验现象、力学性能参数、应力-应变关系曲线,并将所得试验结果与国内外相关规范和研究成果对比.试验表明:不同温度下试件破坏时表面及断口形貌区别明显;300℃后随着温度升高,弹性模量、屈服强度、极限强度下降,应力-应变关系曲线的弹性段和强化段缩短,下降段趋于平缓.450℃内高温对断后伸长率影响不大,此后随温度升高断后伸长率急剧增大.现有钢材高温力学性能参数模型对国产Q550高强钢并不适用.因此,分别采用多项式模型和美国国家标准与技术研究院的钢材高温通用材料模型进行拟合,得到高温下Q550高强钢力学性能参数的数学模型.     

不同冷却方式下ALC高温劣化损伤试验研究

为研究不同冷却方式下ALC在高温处理后性能劣化损伤情况,通过对不同温度、不同冷却方式处理后的ALC试件进行超声无损检测试验、静态力学性能试验、毛细吸水试验的方法研究了温度、冷却方式对其质量损失率、纵波波速、抗压强度、弹性模量、应力应变关系、能量耗散、毛细吸水性的影响。研究结果表明：ALC内各种水化产物受热分解,水分消散,体积膨胀,微裂隙增加,纵波波速减小,抗压强度减小,弹性模量降低,塑性提高,峰值应变增加,能量耗散不断提高,最大毛细吸水量增大;其应力-应变曲线的形状与普通混凝土相似,都经历了压密阶段、弹塑性阶段、破坏阶段、残余阶段。喷淋冷却试件相对于自然冷却试件在300℃前损伤较小,性能劣化程度较低,300~600℃时劣化损伤明显增大,毛细吸水性增长显著,600~800℃时不同冷却方式对ALC性能影响逐渐减小。可见,不同的冷却方式对高温处理后ALC有一定的影响,但随着温度升高,影响逐渐降低。     

高温遇水冷却石灰岩力学与声学性质研究

以石灰岩为研究对象,对加温遇水冷却后的岩样进行轴向压缩试验和声波测试,研究不同高温遇水冷却岩样的表观形态和力学性质的变化情况,分析力学与声学性质的关系。研究结果表明:随温度升高,高温遇水冷却干燥后岩样的颜色逐渐变浅,700℃时变为灰白色;峰值强度整体上呈减小趋势;当从常温升至500℃时,峰值应变逐渐增大,弹性模量和变形模量逐渐减小;高于500℃时,随温度升高,峰值应变先减小后增大,弹性模量和变形模量先增大后减小;随温度变化,弹性模量、峰值强度与纵波声波波速、横波声波波速间均呈现出良好的相关性。     

高温荷载耦合作用下地聚物砂浆损伤模型研究

为研究高温对地聚物砂浆的力学性能与导热性能的影响，以温度为变量设置了25℃、200℃、400℃、600℃、800℃这5种温度进行常规导热试验和单轴压力试验。试验获取了导热系数、应力-应变全曲线、抗压强度、峰值应变、切线模量等参数指标，并对不同高温作用后的地聚物砂浆进行了SEM和XRD试验，深入分析了不同温度对其力学性能与导热性能的影响规律，并建立了地聚物砂浆高温损伤模型。结果表明：（1）随着温度的升高，地聚物砂浆的导热系数呈现逐渐下降的趋势，温度为200℃时，相比于其他温度的导热系数下降幅度明显；（2）高温使地聚物砂浆的力学性能随温度的升高不断降低，并且随着温度升高，高温劣化作用越来越显著，使强度迅速下降；（3）高温会导致地聚物砂浆内部裂缝逐渐增多、C-S-H胶凝物质减少，在温度为600℃时C-S-H胶凝物质基本消失，800℃发生固相反应生成钙铝黄长石且砂浆内部细小裂缝转变为贯通型大裂缝；（4）建立了地聚物砂浆高温损伤模型。     

316L奥氏体不锈钢焊接热影响区性能

为了研究316L焊接热影响区性能,采用特定的热、应力、应变模拟控制曲线,对其在20℃、600℃、1000℃及1100℃几种温度进行热模拟拉伸试验,获得了此种材料在多种应变速率下的应力-应变曲线。结果表明,在一定的应变速率下,316L的弹性模量E及屈服极限σ0.2都随温度升高明显降低;在室温及高温下,316L存在着σ0.2随应变速率提高而提高的应变率效应,且应变率敏感性随温度升高而增加。同时,还观察到316L在高温（1000℃的1100℃)塑性状态下由粘塑性引起的应力松驰现象及室温下的加工硬化现象。     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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An on-line scaling method for improving scalability of a database cluster

The explosive growth of the Internet and database applications has driven database to be more scalable and available, and able to support on-line scaling without interrupting service. To support more client's queries without downtime and degrading the response time, more nodes have to be scaled up while the database is running. This paper presents the overview of scalable and available database that satisfies the above characteristics. And we propose a novel on-line scaling method. Our method improves the existing on-line scaling method for fast response time and higher throughputs. Our proposed method reduces unnecessary network use, i.e. , we decrease the number of data copy by reusing the backup data. Also, our on-line scaling operation can be processed parallel by selecting adequate nodes as new node. Our performance study shows that our method results in significant reduction in data copy time.     

An improved R-tree based on childnode''s probability

R-Tree is a good structure for spatial searching. But in this indexing structure,either the sequence of nodes in the same level or sequence of traveling these nodes when queries are made is random. Since the possibility that the object appears in different MBR which have the same parents node is different, if we make the subnode who has the most possibility be traveled first, the time cost will be decreased in most of the cases. In some case, the possibility of a point belong to a rectangle will shows direct proportion with the size of the rectangle. But this conclusion is based on an assumption that the objects are symmetrically distributing in the area and this assumption is not always coming into existence. Now we found a more direct parameter to scale the possibility and made a little change on the structure of R-tree, to increase the possibility of founding the satisfying answer in the front sub trees. We names this structure probability based arranged R-tree (PBAR-tree).     

Integrating GIS Web services based on mediating architecture

The geographic information service is enabled by the advancements in general Web service technology and the focused efforts of the OGC in defining XML-based Web GIS service. Based on these models, this paper addresses the issue of services chaining,the process of combining or pipelining results from several interoperable GIS Web Services to create a customized solution. This paper presents a mediated chaining architecture in which a specific service takes responsibility for performing the process that describes a service chain. We designed the Spatial Information Process Language (SIPL) for dynamic modeling and describing the service chain, also a prototype of the Spatial Information Process Execution Engine (SIPEE) is implemented for executing processes written in SIPL. Discussion of measures to improve the functionality and performance of such system will be included.