单纤维红外显微光谱测量中的基本问题

采用Continuum红外显微镜测量单纤维红外显微光谱图时，尽管微区分辨率强，但亦存在几种影响谱图质量的基本问题，这里着重分析了测量参数和纤维形态变化对所测光谱质量的影响，并对纤维偏振光谱和ATR光谱的测量以及红外显微光谱图的重现性也做了一定的实验表征。     

短玻璃纤维／R—PVC复合材料的红外光谱和声发射分析

报道了短玻璃纤维／Ｒ－ＰＶＣ复合材料的傅里叶变换红外光谱和声发射分析。采用差示红外光谱技术分析了未处理和偶联处理的玻璃纤维／Ｒ－ＰＶＣ复合材料的结构差异，探测了材料整个拉伸过程中的声发射，并且对试样断口进行了显微分析。研究结果表明，用声发射技术结合试样断口分析，可以方便、灵敏地区分纤维与基体的界面粘合好坏，傅氏变换差示红外光谱的分析进一步证明了这一点。     

羊毛及其角朊膜显微傅立叶红外光谱对比分析

运用傅立叶变换红外光谱（FTIR）技术对羊毛、由该羊毛溶解制成的角朊蛋白膜、再生羊毛和腈纶进行对比分析。通过显微FTIR光谱的特征峰讨论，比较了此类试样在组成和结构上的差别。     

阻燃羊毛纤维的热性能研究

用氟钛酸钾与无机盐组成的阻燃体系对羊毛纤维进行阻燃处理,所得的羊毛纤维用热分析,剩碳率、氧指数红外光谱等分析方法对其热降解行为进行了研究.实验证明:经过阻燃处理的羊毛纤维热降解温度比未处理的降低,剩碳率和氧指数升高,阻燃性能增强.根据阻燃羊毛的热降解行为的变化,对不同的阻燃剂的阻燃机理做了初步的探讨.     

傅立叶变换红外显微光谱技术及其在高性能纤维研究中的应用

介绍了傅立叶变换红外显微光谱技术的历史、现状及其主要分析技术。通过具体的实例，分析了该技术在高性能纤维研究中的应用情况。     

用红外二色性测定高聚物取向度 第二报 示差偏振红外光谱

用计算机与偏振红外光谱的连用技术来进行差示光谱测试,使红外光谱图中某些迭加在一起的谱带进行了良好的分离。在研究拉伸聚丙烯薄膜的偏振红外光谱中,表征非结晶区取向状况的1153cm~(-1)谱带由于与1169cm~(-1)重迭在一起影响了测试工作,本实验采用示差光谱,使1153cm 谱带从1169cm~(-1)谱带中分离出来,不同拉伸倍数的聚丙烯薄膜1153cm~(-1)谱带二色比的变化反映了大分子中非晶区的取向状况。     

改性羊毛纤维的热性能研究

用氟钛酸钾和有机二酸组成的阻燃体系对羊毛纤维进行阻燃处理,所得的羊毛纤维用热分析、剩碳率、氧指数、红外光谱等分析方法对其热降解行为进行了研究.实验证明:经过阻燃处理的羊毛纤维热降解温度比未处理的下降,剩碳率和氧指数升高,阻燃性能增强.     

水溶性维纶纤维的结构与性能研究

采用Nexus 870傅立叶红外光谱分析仪和DSC热分析仪分析水溶性维纶纤维的化学结构和热学性能.同时,采用单纤维强力仪测试水溶性维纶纤维的力学拉伸性能.得到水溶性维纶纤维及其在80℃的水中溶胀后试样玻璃化温度分别为43.6℃和-2.2℃;水溶性维纶纤维红外光谱图与标准聚乙烯醇红外光谱图在波数1 236cm-1和621cm-1处存在明显差别;单纤维拉伸速度一定时,试样夹持长度小,单纤维的断裂强度略大、断裂伸长率大、断裂功小.     

聚乙烯冻胶丝萃取超拉伸的研究

通过宏观和微观两方面研究聚乙烯冻胶丝条在萃取超拉伸过程中的分子结构变化发现:超拉伸过程诱发和促进了大分子伸直链结构的形成。借助测定纤维热性能口赖曼(Raman)光谱图等来探索和描述纤维在萃取超拉伸过程中的结构及性能的变化,由此提出聚乙烯冻胶纤维萃取超拉伸四阶段变化模型。     

高温热湿处理羊毛纤维的微观结构与性能研究

本文研究了羊毛纤维经高温蒸汽及高温水煮处理后的吸湿性能与拉伸性能的变化．采用扫描电子显微镜及X射线衍射仪，分析了羊毛纤维经高温热湿处理后微观结构形态及结晶度．结果表明，经不同温度及时间的蒸汽、水煮处理后，羊毛纤维的吸湿性能出现不规律的变化，而纤维的拉仲强力及伸长则降低；经高温热湿处理后，羊毛纤维的鳞片遭到破坏，纤维结晶指数下降．     

Principles and Chief Technologies in Developing Light-weighted Worsted Fabrics

More and more light-weighted fabrics are being required by the market, especially for the worsted manufacture. In the past, such fabrics are produced mainly through changing the structure of woven goods or by using finer yarns. But these possibilities are very limited. In this paper, new devices are discussed: (1) on the yarn level - to use single yarns instead of conventional doubled ones, to decrease number of fibers in yarn cross sections both during spuming and after finishing; (2) on the fiber level - to use finer fibers in blends with wool and modification of the wool fibers; (3) on the macromolecule level - to stretch the macromolecules in alpha keratin, to get super fine wool fibers.     

The Biocompatibility of Wool Keratin

Keratin is the major structural fibrous protein providing outer covering such as hair, wool, feathers, etc. When being used as a kind of biomaterials, the biocompatibility of wool keratin is one of the most critical questions. By now, there has not been systemic study on the biocompatibiiity of keratin. Therefore, in this article we used the procedures of skin irritation, haemolysis and subcutaneous implantation according to ISO 10993 to study it. Moreover, the Fourier transform-infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy was utilized to analyse the impurity and structure modification of wool keratin film. The part of the animal tests showed that the wool keratin films prepared by authors were biocompatible. But the residual of sodium dodecyi sulfate (SDS) affected the results of other tests. Consequently, the wool keratin membrane is one kind of favourable and promising biomaterial for biomedical and histological utilization. The residual SDS used as an agent should be eliminated from the keratin solution or membrane completely if for biological usage. In conclusion, wool keratin, as a kind of natural protein, prospectively could be applied in biomedical materials and scaffolds of tissue engineering.     

Synthesis of Aminolaurylpyridinium Chloride as Antimicrobial Agent

4-amino-laurylpyridinium chloride (ALPC) was synthesized and employed in antimicrobial finishing of wool fabrics. The structures of the salt was fully characterized by using FTIR, 1 H-NMR and 13 C-NMR analysis. The effects of pH conditions of finishing baths, finishing time and temperature, and salt concentrations were investigated. ALPC could form ionic interactions with anionic groups on wool, which contribute to durable antimicrobial functions. The finished wool fabrics exhibited antimicrobial efficacy against Escherichia coli. The washing durability of antimicrobial functions on the finished wool fabrics was also studied.     

氧化棉纤维经角蛋白溶液处理后的结构及性能研究

采用氢氧化钠和双氧水溶解羊毛制得可溶性角蛋白溶液,再对经高碘酸钠选择性氧化的棉纤维进行处理.研究了氧化棉纤维经角蛋白溶液处理后的结构和力学性能.结果表明,氧化棉纤维经角蛋白溶液处理后产生增重,同时在纤维表面吸附成膜,红外光谱表明角蛋白与氧化棉纤维之间形成共价结合,且氧化棉纤维经角蛋白溶液处理后的力学性能基本不变.     

洋麻仿毛改性研究和产品开发

作者基于洋麻和羊毛在纤维结构和性能上的差异,提出洋麻仿毛改性的依据、目标和条件。通过仿毛改性,改变了洋麻工艺纤维的长度、细度、表面形态,机械性能、可纺性和缩绒性,生产出改性洋麻含量为30％的具有类似纯毛风格的毛麻混纺产品。该产品的开发有重大经济效益。     

利用仪器分析解决企业产品品质问题

机电企业开发各种实用的电器产品,产品品质问题难以避免。采用现代分析仪器,可以为企业产品品质问题提供解决方法。以显微红外、X射线能谱仪(EDS)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)3种分析仪器,对一些不良品进行检测,成功分析出品质问题形成原因。     

中国毛纺工业发展的研讨

分析了我国毛纺织工业的生产能力、原料结构以及产品结构，并与世界上主要毛纺国的生产与产品状况作了比较。通过分析讨论，提出了中国毛纺织工业现存问题及其发展方向。     

Effect of Stretching - Setting Treatment on Dyeing Behavior of Wool

Changes of dyeing behavior of wool after stretching -setting treatment are studied. Effects of stretching -setting on wool structure are analyzed. It is concluded that stretching - setting treatment not only reduces wool diameter and increases wool length, but also brings about low-temperature dyeing of wool.     

聚N-(2-羟丙基)甲基丙烯酰胺-美他沙酮前药的合成与表征

目的研究聚N-(2-羟丙基)甲基丙烯酰胺-美他沙酮(PHPMA-Met)前药的合成方法。方法以偶氮二异丁腈(AIBN)为引发剂,通过自由基反应,聚合得到PHPMA,进而以氯乙酰氯为连接基,与Met反应,合成了PHPMA-Met,并对产物进行了元素、红外、差示扫描量热分析鉴定和表征。结果 Met在前药中的含量大于15%。结论该制备方法简单,条件温和,具有很好的应用前景。