孙中山西部开发思想刍议

孙中山先生继承了鸦片战争以来有识之士对中国西部的关注,将西部开发纳入振兴中国实业的整体架构之中。本文通过对孙中山西部开发战略思想的背景、措施和意义的历史考察,探求这一思想对今天西部开发的现实借鉴意义,作者认为,这一设想既有可贵之处,又有其局限性,但对今天的西部开发和区域经济合作仍有指导意义。     

对孙中山经济思想中两个问题的述评

孙中山先生不仅是伟大的民主革命先行者,也是著名的经济思想家。他的经济思想博大而精深,开拓而创新,其对于中国经济发展中的交通建设、西部开发等问题提出了科学的见解和主张,并制定了一系列的实施方案,这些都是探索中国经济发展的宝贵的思想遗产,对于今天的经济建设仍有着一定的借鉴意义。     

孙中山《实业计划》中关于皖江开发的设计

对长江流域的开发和规划是孙中山《实业计划》中最重要的组成部分。由于皖江地区具有优越的地理位置和丰富的物产资源，孙中山对皖江的开发予以了高度重视。他详细制定了皖江流域的发展规划，即全面建构水陆交通体系，大力整治沿江河道，建立以芜湖、安庆为龙头的商业中心，并有效利用资源优势，发展工农业生产，促进该地区的经济腾飞和社会发展。     

历史时期西部开发特点及对现代西部开发的借鉴

中国历史时期的西部开发，大致可划分为秦汉、隋唐、元代、清朝、抗日战争时期等阶段，分析了不同时期西部开发的内容，并从开发方向、部门、范围、强度、方式、目的、影响等方面剖析了西部开发的特点。最后提出现代西部开发应借鉴历史开发经验，并吸取相应教训。     

孙中山与李大钊的革命友谊

早在1919年，孙中山和李大判就有所接触，他看了李大树写的著名论文《布尔什维主义的胜利》后，对李大钊的“试着将来的环球必是赤旗的世界”的科学预言十分赞赏。以后，随着中国共产党的成立，中国革命的发展，孙中山和李大钊的交往、了解、革命友谊与日俱增。孙中山与李大别的革命友谊，是在他俩热爱祖国、追求真理的过程中建立起来的。孙中山自辛亥革命失败以后，坚持革命斗争，走过漫长的曲折道路。为维护民主政治，他领导了第二次革命、护国反袁、第一次护法运动以及支持五四爱国运动等斗争．他先后将同盟会改组为国民党，把国民党改组…     

孙中山科学思想形成的实践基础

孙中山作为一个伟大的民族资产阶级革命家和科学思想家，其科学思想对中国社会经济的发展产生过巨大的影响与作用。他的科学思想的形成基于他扎实的理论功底，也与他早期的求学活动、上书科学救国之策，西方国家的科学考察和实业救国运动等实践活动有关，这些活动构成了孙中山科学思想的实践基础。     

清代开发西部述评

历史是延续的，清代的西部开发是中国自先秦以来开发西部的集大成者。借古筹今，研究清代的西部开发，将对我们今天的西部开发有着资鉴作用。文章分清代中前期和后期两个阶段，对清朝的西部政治、经济等方面的开发作了论析。     

试论孙中山关于发展广西经济的思想

孙中山曾就发展广西交通运输业、矿业、农业以及培养人才、开发能源、合理利用外资、引进外国先进技术和经验等方面提出了很好的建议和设想，其中不乏合理的成分。孙中山的思想主张在一定程度上反映了人民群众的要求和愿望，并具有一定的现实意义。     

西部大开发的特点及模式选择

通过与50～60年代的西部建设、80年代的东部发展以及国外开发落后地区的比较分析，指出西部大开发在机制、开发战略、市场环境、政策效应、开发条件等方面的新特点，进而指出西部大开发既不能沿袭50～60年代西部建设的路子，也不能套用80年代东部经济发展的模式，更不能照搬照抄其他国家的模式，应该选择具有西部特点的开发模式。在此基础上分析了西部大开发可供选择的几种模式，即东部优势企业+西部优势资源模式、点轴辐射模式、高新技术产业带动模式、改革开放开发模式、特色农业开发模式，同时分析了各种模式的特点及适用性。     

论西部大开发的金融政策

实施西部大开发的关键是解决资金问题，因而金融政策就显得尤为重要。本文就推进西部大开发的货币政策；支持西部大开发的信贷政策；推进西部大开发的直接融资政策；推进西部大开发的外资政策等问题进行了深入地探讨，以利于推进西部大开发战略的顺利实施。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.