五味子科的分类系统与演化趋势Ⅰ.五味子目的建立及南五味子属的分类系统

通过对五味子科的历史回顾和对大量标本花果 (包括近缘科 )的详细观察 ,结合形态学、孢粉学和细胞学资料 ,及对木兰目、八角目等多心皮原始类群的分析 ,将五味子科提升为五味子目。五味子科下设南五味子属和五味子属。南五味子属下隶离蕊五味子亚属和南五味子亚属 (共 2亚属 )。     

五味子科的分类系统与演化趋势醇Ⅱ.五味子属的分类系统及五味子科的演化趋势

五味子属下隶多蕊五味子亚属、中华五味子亚属、团蕊五味子亚属、重瓣五味子显属、五味子亚属和少蕊五味子亚属（共6亚属）。通过与八角科和木兰科性状的比较分析，对各分类单位之间的亲缘关系作了说明，确立了五味子科的分类系统，并研究了其演化趋势。     

五味子科的分类系统与演化趋势Ⅱ.五味子属的分类系统及五味子科的演化趋势

五味子属下隶多蕊五味子亚属、中华五味子亚属、团蕊五味子亚属、重瓣五味子亚属、五味子亚属和少蕊五味子亚属 (共 6亚属 )。通过与八角科和木兰科性状的比较分析 ,对各分类单位之间的亲缘关系作了说明 ,确立了五味子科的分类系统 ,并研究了其演化趋势。     

五味子属14种植物的数量分类学研究

在野外居群观察和文献资料收集的基础上,对五味子属的14种植物的39个分类性状进行了Q型聚类分析和主成分分析.聚类分析结果表明,14种五味子属植物可分为三类:第一类包括团蕊五味子和重瓣五味子——团蕊五味子群和重瓣五味子群的代表类群;第二类为大花五味子和红花五味子——大花五味子群的两个代表类群;第三类包括其它所有类群,该类又可分为三组:(1)五味子——五味子群的代表类群;(2)二色五味子——少蕊五味子群的代表类群;(3)中华五味子群的8个类群.基于聚类分析结果,提出了包括3亚属(即多蕊五味子亚属、五味子亚属和团蕊五味子亚属)和3组(即中华五味子组、五味子组和少蕊五味子组)的新分类系统.聚类分析结果不支持将华中五味子、滇藏五味子、绿叶五味子、小花五味子等归并为东亚五味子的处理.主成分分析表明,落叶习性、下表皮角质条纹、花托膨大否、花单生否、上表皮有无气孔器、花托伸长否、雄蕊数、花药开裂方式、上表皮细胞形状、上表皮垂周壁式样、花粉萌发沟等性状的分类学价值较大,可作为分类的主要依据,并据此编制了分种检索表.     

五味子属多蕊组内向药亚组

通过野外考察、采集和大量解剖新鲜的和干燥的花果，获得了丰富的第１手资料．在此基础上对中国产的五味子属（种数占该属种数的８０％以上）进行了自Ａ·Ｃ·Ｓｍｉｔｈ１９４７年发表五味子科专著以来的首次系统整理和修订，结果将分几部分发表。本文是第２部分，报道多蕊组内向药亚组的１１个种、３个变种，即翅枝五味子，柔毛翅枝五味子，滇翅枝五味子，毛叶五味子，毛脉五味子，金绒五味子，鹤庆五味子，粉背五味子，华中五味子，川滇五味子，阿里山五味子，绿被五味子，披针叶五味子和小花五味子．     

青藏高原风毛菊属中雪莲亚属和风毛菊亚属的五种植物的核型研究

对产于青藏高原风毛菊属(Saussurea DC.)中的两个亚属——雪莲亚属(Subgen. Amphilaena)和风毛菊亚属(Subgen. Saussurea)中五个种的染色体数目和核型做了研究.结果表明,五个种的染色体数目和核型如下：唐古特雪莲(S. tangutica)2n=2x=34=16m+14sm+4st,多鞘雪莲(S. polycolea),2n=2x=32=24m+8sm,尖苞风毛菊(S.subulisquama)2n=2x=30=10m+20sm,这三种风毛菊属植物均属2B型;     

蒙古高原天门冬属植物分支系统演化的研究

利用最大同步法对蒙古高原天门冬属植物进行丁分支分类研究，将本属植物分为2个亚属，天门冬亚属分为2个组．其结果与《苏联植物志》的分类系统一致．亚属、组的进化顺序为：Subgen.Asparagopsis→Subgen.Asparagus；Sect.densiflorus→Sect.Archiasparagus→Sect.Asparagus.蒙古高原天门冬属植物除Subgen．Asparagopsis中的栽培种A.setaceus和Subgen.Asparagus中Sect.Archiasparagus的A.schoberioides两种外，其余11种均属于Sect.Archiasparagus的Ser Foliati lljin.根据分支演化树系图，又可分为Subser．Brdchphyllus和Subser.Persicus.本属的进化趋势为：花两性→花单性；叶状枝具中脉→不具中脉；花梗由短→长；由肉质纺锤状根→绳状根；短粗根状茎→细长根状茎．本文编制了蒙古高原天门冬属植物的分亚属、分组、分种检索表．     

用核糖体DNA的ITS序列探讨滇桐属的系统学位置

采用PCR直接测序方法 ,对来自椴树科、梧桐科、木棉科 17属的 33个种和作为外类群的锦葵科 2属4个种的核糖体DNAITS区 (含 5 8S区 )序列进行了分析。结果表明 ,滇桐属 (Craigia)与椴树属为姐妹群关系 ,二者构成单系类群 ,因而将滇桐属置于椴树科中较为合理 ;刺果藤属和翅子树属有较近的亲缘关系 ,并与蚬木属和柄翅果属构成一个单系类群 ,二者可能与椴树科有更近的亲缘关系 ;榴莲属与椴树科的破布叶属构成单系类群 ;山芝麻属与椴树科、梧桐科和木棉科构成并系关系 ;因此 ,这些属的系统位置尚需进一步确定。综合分析的结果支持将椴树科、梧桐科和木棉科归并到锦葵科中的观点。     

青藏高原风毛菊属中雪莲亚属和风毛菊亚属的

对产于青藏高原风毛菊属(Saussurea DC.)中的两个亚属--雪莲亚属(Subgen. Amphilaena)和风毛菊亚属(Subgen. Saussurea)中五个种的染色体数目和核型做了研究.结果表明,五个种的染色体数目和核型如下:唐古特雪莲(S. tangutica)2n=2x=34=16m 14sm 4st,多鞘雪莲(S. polycolea),2n=2x=32=24m 8sm,尖苞风毛菊(S.subulisquama)2n=2x=30=10m 20sm,这三种风毛菊属植物均属2B型;蒙古风毛菊(S.mongolica)2n=2x=26=10m 12sm 4st,属2A型;乌苏里风毛菊(S. ussuriensis) 2n=2x=24=2m 14sm 8st,属3B型;这五个种均为二倍体,并且在染色体中均未发现随体.     

川产五味子五个种、变种核型研究

本文首次报导了我国川产五味子五个种、变种的核型研究结果,即翅枝五味子Schisandra henryi、红花五味子S.rubriflora、华中五味子S.sphenanthera、柔毛五味子S.pubescens、毛脉五味子S.pbueecens var.pubineryis。它们的染色体都是28条,核型比较对称。翅枝五味子、柔毛五味子和毛脉五味子的核型公式为:2n=28=24m+4sm,红花五味子的核型公式为:2n=28=22m+6sm,华中五味子的核型公式为:2n=28=26m+2sm。     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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An on-line scaling method for improving scalability of a database cluster

The explosive growth of the Internet and database applications has driven database to be more scalable and available, and able to support on-line scaling without interrupting service. To support more client's queries without downtime and degrading the response time, more nodes have to be scaled up while the database is running. This paper presents the overview of scalable and available database that satisfies the above characteristics. And we propose a novel on-line scaling method. Our method improves the existing on-line scaling method for fast response time and higher throughputs. Our proposed method reduces unnecessary network use, i.e. , we decrease the number of data copy by reusing the backup data. Also, our on-line scaling operation can be processed parallel by selecting adequate nodes as new node. Our performance study shows that our method results in significant reduction in data copy time.     

An improved R-tree based on childnode''s probability

R-Tree is a good structure for spatial searching. But in this indexing structure,either the sequence of nodes in the same level or sequence of traveling these nodes when queries are made is random. Since the possibility that the object appears in different MBR which have the same parents node is different, if we make the subnode who has the most possibility be traveled first, the time cost will be decreased in most of the cases. In some case, the possibility of a point belong to a rectangle will shows direct proportion with the size of the rectangle. But this conclusion is based on an assumption that the objects are symmetrically distributing in the area and this assumption is not always coming into existence. Now we found a more direct parameter to scale the possibility and made a little change on the structure of R-tree, to increase the possibility of founding the satisfying answer in the front sub trees. We names this structure probability based arranged R-tree (PBAR-tree).     

Integrating GIS Web services based on mediating architecture

The geographic information service is enabled by the advancements in general Web service technology and the focused efforts of the OGC in defining XML-based Web GIS service. Based on these models, this paper addresses the issue of services chaining,the process of combining or pipelining results from several interoperable GIS Web Services to create a customized solution. This paper presents a mediated chaining architecture in which a specific service takes responsibility for performing the process that describes a service chain. We designed the Spatial Information Process Language (SIPL) for dynamic modeling and describing the service chain, also a prototype of the Spatial Information Process Execution Engine (SIPEE) is implemented for executing processes written in SIPL. Discussion of measures to improve the functionality and performance of such system will be included.     

Tracking data management using topology of moving object database system for moving object constrained trajectory in LBS application

Advances in wireless technologies and positioning technologies and spread of wireless devices, an interest in LBS (Location Based Service) is arising. To provide location based service, tracking data should have been stored in moving object database management system (called MODBMS) with proper policies and managed efficiently. So the methods which acquire the location information at regular time intervals then, store and manage have been studied. In this paper, we suggest tracking data management techniques using topology that is corresponding to the moving path of moving object. In our techniques, we update the MODBMS when moving object arrived at a street intersection or a curved road which is represented as the node in topology and predict the location at past and future with attribute of topology and linear function. In this technique, location data that are corresponding to the node in topology are stored, thus reduce the number of update and amount of data. Also in case predicting the location,because topology are used as well as existing location information, accuracy for prediction is increased than applying linear function or spline function.