三维波动方程的隐式多重网格方法

提出了数值求解三维波动方程的两种精度分别为O(τ^2 h^2)和O(τ h^4)的三层紧致隐格式,利用Fourier分析方法证明了格式均是无条件稳定的．并在此基础上提出了求解该问题的多重网格算法,从而克服了传统迭代法在求解隐格式时收敛速度慢的缺陷,大大加快了迭代收敛速度,提高了求解效率．数值实验结果验证了方法的精确性和可靠性．     

二维非定常对流扩散方程的隐式多重网格方法

提出了数值求解二维非定常对流扩散方程的一种新的加权平均隐格式，利用Fourier分析方法证明了该格式是无条件稳定的．利用多重网格加速技术。提出了基于时间修正的多重网格的全近似格式(FAS)，从而克服了传统迭代法在求解隐格式时收敛速度慢的缺陷，大大加快了迭代收敛速度。提商了问题的求解效率．数值计算结果表明，修正的多重网格FAS格式较传统的多重网格粗网格校正格式(CS)具有更好的收敛效率．并且随着σ和s的增大，它可以将传统迭代法的收敛速度提商几十倍，甚至几百倍．     

二维非定常对流扩散方程的对角占优隐格式及多重网格算法

提出了一种数值求解二维非定常变系数对流扩散方程的对角占优、空间为二阶精度的隐格式。利用Fourier分析方法证明了该格式是无条件稳定的．由于格式具有对角占优性,因此适用于大梯度（高雷诺数）问题的数值求解．另一方面,为了克服传统迭代法在求解隐格式时收敛速度慢的缺陷,采用了多重网格加速技术,大大加快了迭代收敛速度,提高了求解效率．数值实验结果证明了该格式的精确性、稳定性和对高网格雷诺数问题的强适应性．     

求解二维扩散方程的加权平均隐式多重网格方法

提出了数值求解二维扩散方程两种精度分别为O(τ^2 h^2)和O(τ^2 h^4)的无条件稳定的加权平均隐格式，并采用多重网格方法进行求解，从而克服了传统迭代法在求解隐格式时收敛速度慢的缺陷，提高了求解效率．数值实验验证了该方法的精确性和可靠性．     

二维波动方程的加权平均隐格式及多重网格算法

提出了数值求解二维波动方程的一种加权平均隐式差分格式，理论分析结果表明其为无条件稳定的，为了克服传统迭代法在求解隐格式方面的困难，采用了多重网格算法，大大加快了迭代收敛速度，提高了求解效率，数值实验结果验证了方法的有效性和可靠性。     

求解三维非定常对流扩散方程的隐式差分方法

提出了一种数值求解三维非定常变系数对流扩散方程,对角占优、空间为二阶精度的隐格式,利用Fourier分析方法证明了该格式是无条件稳定的,并且由于格式具有对角占优性,因此适合于大梯度(高雷诺数)问题的数值求解.另外,为了克服传统迭代法在求解隐格式时收敛速度慢的缺陷,采用了多重网格加速技术,大大加快了迭代收敛速度,提高了求解效率.数值实验结果证明了该方法的精确性、稳定性和对高网格雷诺数问题的强适应性.     

非线性代数方程修正牛顿迭代格式的改进

文章将经典牛顿方法预测,隐式中点牛顿迭代格式校正,得到一种新的求解非线性代数方程的改进的修正牛顿迭代格式,该方法具有较快的收敛速度,并用数值实例来验证该方法.数值实验表明,该算法比牛顿迭代和文献中的修正牛顿迭代格式收敛速度要快.     

几个针对FitzHugh-Nagumo方程的有限差分解法

采用隐式差分格式和Crank-Nicolson格式求解FitzHugh-Nagumo方程。通过对FitzHugh-Nagumo方程的非线性反应项的线性化处理,在两种格式下各自给出了三种算法,并对各种算法的误差和收敛阶进行了分析比较。数值实验验证了算法的有效性。     

高维分数阶cable方程隐式差分逼近

针对高维分数阶cable方程的数值差分逼近问题,采用有限体积方法,构造高维分数阶cable方程一种隐式差分逼近格式.结果表明:该隐式差分格式是无条件稳定和收敛的.利用隐式差分方法求解三维情况的数值例子,将数值解与精确解进行比较,说明隐式差分方法的有效性.此方法可应用于其它类型的高维分数阶微分方程.     

对流扩散方程定常非指数型松弛和超松弛半隐格式

考虑定常对流扩散方程的数值解，采用时间相关法，从迎风格式出发，得到半隐格式，并进一步提出松弛和超松弛改进半隐格式，以达到节省内存空间和提高定常解的收敛速度的目的。上述改进半隐格式是无条件稳定和单调的，当定常态时是相容、收敛的。上述格式为非指数型，可化为显格式，改进了过去指数型格式受计算机字长限制的弱点，文末，对一维非线性Ｂｕｒｇｅｒｓ方程做数值实验表明，本文提出的三点改进半隐格式适合非线性计算，且保持无条件稳定和单调的特性，并使收敛加快，精度提高。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the