10种棕榈科植物的RAPD分析

用RAPED法对厦门植物园引种栽培的4属10种棕榈科植物样本进行了基因组DNA多态性分析、从29个随机引物中筛选出9个有效引物共获得RAPD谱带558条．多态性谱带占71．32％．利用UPGMA法对l0种棕榈科植物聚类分析．得其DNA的分子分类系统图．结果表明．棕榈属、琼棕属和鱼尾葵属聚类成一组．蒲葵属另成一组；棕榈属、琼棕属和蒲葵属中6种掌状叶型植物的平均遗传距离为0．47，羽状叶型的4种鱼尾葵属植物问的平均遗传距离为0．55；而羽状叶植物与掌状叶植物间的遗传距离达0．72．在同一属内，棕榈属内两种距离最近．蒲葵属两种最远．尽管分子分类结果与形态分类结果存在一定差异，但RAPD分子标记技术对棕榈等引种植物的分类鉴定和遗传多样性评价是有效可行的．     

大蒜种质资源遗传多样性的分子标记研究

本研究利用RAPD和ISSR两种分子标记技术．对中国10个不同地区的大蒜品种进行了种质资源遗传多样性研究．从30个RAPD引物当中．筛选出11个具有多态性的引物．共扩增出多态性带224条．多态性条带比率为41．18％．从12个ISSR引物中筛选出5个具多态性的ISSR引物．共扩增出多态性带121条．多态性条带比率为50．21％．对RAPD和ISSR两种标记分别运用Nei指数法．计算出10个大蒜品种的平均遗传距离为0．28和0．32．根据这两种标记的结果．采用UPGMA进行聚类分析，得到与生物学分类地位基本一致的结果．结果表明，在实验稳定性上．ISSR优于RAPD．且ISSR比RAPD能检测到更多的遗传变异．RAPD和ISSR两种标记可用于大蒜种质遗传多样性的研究．     

黄瓜杂交种子纯度的RAPD鉴定

鉴定和分析了黄瓜品种真实性，并建立了应用于鉴定亲本及其杂交种子的RAPD指纹图谱。从102条引物中筛选出了应用于黄瓜种子纯度鉴定的引物32条：13条偏母型引物，9条偏父型引物，5条互补型引物，2条特异型引物及3条缺失型引物。利用4条引物S293，SS87，S297，S300鉴定3份黄瓜种子的纯度，在94粒种子中有父本混杂2粒，母本混杂1粒及6粒其它种子混杂，从而表明该份黄瓜种子的纯度为90．04％。建立了黄瓜早青二号父本T03雄性系、早青二号母本B35雌性系以及其杂交种子的RAPD的指纹图谱。     

应用RAPD技术对新疆布顿大麦遗传多样性的研究

利用RAPD分子标记，通过40条10碱基随机引流，对32份新疆布顿大麦进行了遗传多样性评价。在40个10碱基随机引物中，有22个引物（占55％）的扩增产物具有多态性，每条多态性引物能产生1－7条多态性DNA带纹。40个引物共扩增227条带，其中95条（占41．9％）具有多态性，平均每条引物能产生1．7条多态性DNA带纹。基于RAPD技术计算了32份布屯大麦间的遗传相似系数（GS）变化值为0．427－0．848，平均值为0．681，利用不完全加权算术平均数（UPGMA），采用1－GS矩阵对其进行遗传聚类，结果表明，RAPD标记将32份参试材料区分为3类（或亚类），来源于新疆北部的20份材料有17份材料（占85％）聚入Ib亚类，而第Ia亚类则主要来自于新疆中部的一些材料。研究表明，RAPD标记揭示的新疆布顿大麦间的遗传多样性与其地理来源紧密相关。     

利用SSR标记鉴定水稻与高梁远缘杂交的研究

本研究采用了115对水稻引物(RM)对4个母本水稻、父本高梁、4个水稻和高粱远缘杂交的子一代进行了SSR分子标记分析.结果发现:水稻与高粱具有一定的同源性;水稻与高粱杂交后,其杂种一代的分子标记带型大部分与母本同源性较高,也出现了杂种带型、变异带型及高粱带型,说明确实有高粱DNA片段导入水稻基因组中.从分子水平上初步证明了水稻高粱远缘杂交的可行性.     

引物对甘薯品种聚类分析结果的影响

应用RAPD技术对10个供试甘薯品种的遗传关系进行了研究，探讨引物数量，多态性率和所用引物带型丰富度对聚类分析结果的影响。结果表明：聚类分析准确度与引物数量，引物的带型数有关，多态性率不是选用引物的主要标志。因此，在利用RAPD技术研究物种间遗传关系时，有必要保证一定数量的引物，且此物具有较多的带型。     

基于RAPD分析用的佛手DNA的提取

对佛手DNA提取过程从不同方面进行了改良、优化，筛选出较理想的佛手DNA提取方法：每eppen—dorf管鲜样品取量为0．1g～0．25g，700μL提取缓冲液，加提取液前用液氮研磨，Vc(抗坏血酸)添加量为ω(Vc／鲜样)=0．1．该方法分离出DNA的A260／A280大于1．9，符合佛手RAPD(随机扩增多态DNA)分析要求，在佛手遗传多态性分析和品种分子鉴定中具有良好的应用前景。     

普通小麦甘麦8号与八倍体小偃麦中—5远缘杂交后代新品系的生物学特性及共同工酶分析

本实验以普通小麦(Triticum aestivum L)甘麦8号(2n=6x=21Ⅱ=42)作为母本与八倍体小偃麦(Agrotriticum)中—5(2n=8x=28Ⅱ=56)进行远缘杂交.经过八个世代的选育已得到具有优良性状的远缘稳定的新品系.而且许多性状均超过父母本.对条锈病的抗性以及蛋白质含量等性状又基本与父本类同.细胞学观察.虽然这些新品系的染色体数和母本相同(2n=42).但染色体行为存在许多异常现象,特别是同工酶分析结果表明.远缘后代不仅出现父母本所没有的新酶带,而且在酶活性上具有明显的杂种优势,同时酶谱变化的规律与其所表现的生物学特性之间存在高度的相关性.由此我们分析.新品系抗条锈病等优良性状的产生是由于父本中—5的抗病基因或 DNA 片段渗入的结果.这对染色体工程和育种实践都具有一定的意义.     

利用RAPD检测技术推测杂交落羽杉群落间的亲缘关系

采用随机引物扩增多态性DNA（RAPD）技术，对8个可能是杂交墨西哥落羽杉片林样本、其杂交母本-墨西哥落羽杉和杂交父本的同类-柳杉，共计12个样本进行了亲缘关系鉴定和遗传多样性分析，从31个引物筛选出17个随机引物，共扩增出164条带，其中，多态带有162条，占全部条带的98.8%，检测结果表明：在编号为8，11，12的3个柳杉样本中，11号与原杂交父本亲缘关系最近；1，4，9号是杂交墨杉群落的可能性最大；5号可能是未杂交的墨杉纯林，其他群落的样本是否为杂交墨彬尚不能通过本试验得出明确结论。     

花椰菜自交不亲和性的分子标记研究

运用随机扩增多态性DNA(RAPD)和inter-简单重复序列(ISSR)等分子标记技术。分别对5组花椰菜自交不亲和系和对应的自交亲和系的基因组进行指纹差异分析．采用10个10mer随机引物和5个ISSR引物进行PCR扩增。结果表明．扩增片段分子量在0．3～5kb之间，指纹图谱的稳定性和重复性较好．经过3次以上重复发现，ISSR4引物扩增图谱中。自交亲和系比不亲和系多扩增出3800bp片段；ISSR6引物扩增图谱中。除第3组外，不亲和系比亲和系多扩增出1100bp片段．结果表明．花椰菜自交不亲和系与自交系基因组DNA之间存在差异．扩增出的差异片段与花椰菜自交不亲和性相关。并可作为自交不亲和系和自交亲和系育种筛选的分子标记．初步探讨了花椰菜自交不亲和性的遗传机制及RAPD和ISSR技术在自交不亲和系选育过程中的应用前景．     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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An on-line scaling method for improving scalability of a database cluster

The explosive growth of the Internet and database applications has driven database to be more scalable and available, and able to support on-line scaling without interrupting service. To support more client's queries without downtime and degrading the response time, more nodes have to be scaled up while the database is running. This paper presents the overview of scalable and available database that satisfies the above characteristics. And we propose a novel on-line scaling method. Our method improves the existing on-line scaling method for fast response time and higher throughputs. Our proposed method reduces unnecessary network use, i.e. , we decrease the number of data copy by reusing the backup data. Also, our on-line scaling operation can be processed parallel by selecting adequate nodes as new node. Our performance study shows that our method results in significant reduction in data copy time.     

An improved R-tree based on childnode''s probability

R-Tree is a good structure for spatial searching. But in this indexing structure,either the sequence of nodes in the same level or sequence of traveling these nodes when queries are made is random. Since the possibility that the object appears in different MBR which have the same parents node is different, if we make the subnode who has the most possibility be traveled first, the time cost will be decreased in most of the cases. In some case, the possibility of a point belong to a rectangle will shows direct proportion with the size of the rectangle. But this conclusion is based on an assumption that the objects are symmetrically distributing in the area and this assumption is not always coming into existence. Now we found a more direct parameter to scale the possibility and made a little change on the structure of R-tree, to increase the possibility of founding the satisfying answer in the front sub trees. We names this structure probability based arranged R-tree (PBAR-tree).     

Integrating GIS Web services based on mediating architecture

The geographic information service is enabled by the advancements in general Web service technology and the focused efforts of the OGC in defining XML-based Web GIS service. Based on these models, this paper addresses the issue of services chaining,the process of combining or pipelining results from several interoperable GIS Web Services to create a customized solution. This paper presents a mediated chaining architecture in which a specific service takes responsibility for performing the process that describes a service chain. We designed the Spatial Information Process Language (SIPL) for dynamic modeling and describing the service chain, also a prototype of the Spatial Information Process Execution Engine (SIPEE) is implemented for executing processes written in SIPL. Discussion of measures to improve the functionality and performance of such system will be included.