应用RAPD技术对新疆布顿大麦遗传多样性的研究

利用RAPD分子标记，通过40条10碱基随机引流，对32份新疆布顿大麦进行了遗传多样性评价。在40个10碱基随机引物中，有22个引物（占55％）的扩增产物具有多态性，每条多态性引物能产生1－7条多态性DNA带纹。40个引物共扩增227条带，其中95条（占41．9％）具有多态性，平均每条引物能产生1．7条多态性DNA带纹。基于RAPD技术计算了32份布屯大麦间的遗传相似系数（GS）变化值为0．427－0．848，平均值为0．681，利用不完全加权算术平均数（UPGMA），采用1－GS矩阵对其进行遗传聚类，结果表明，RAPD标记将32份参试材料区分为3类（或亚类），来源于新疆北部的20份材料有17份材料（占85％）聚入Ib亚类，而第Ia亚类则主要来自于新疆中部的一些材料。研究表明，RAPD标记揭示的新疆布顿大麦间的遗传多样性与其地理来源紧密相关。

Study on Genetic Diversity of Hordeum bogdanii Wilensky Native to China Xinjiang Based on RAPD Markers

The genetic diversity among 32 Hordeum bogdanii wilensky accessions native to China Xinjiang was evaluated by RAPD markers.The 10 mer primers of the 40 arbitrary used for PCR amplification,the amplified products of 22 primers (55.0%) showed polymorphism,with 1 to 7 polymorphic bands amplified by each polymorphic primer.A total of 227 bands were produced by 40 primers,among which 95 out of 227 bands (41.9%) were polymorphic,with 1.7 polymorphic bands per primer on average.The RAPD based genetic similarities (GS) among 32 H.bogdanii accessions ranged from 0.427 to 0.848,with the mean of 0.681.Based on the 1 GS matrix,a dendrogram showing the genetic relationships between accessions was constructed using the unweighted pair group method with arithmetic average (UPGMA).The results showed that all 32 accessions could be distinguished by RAPD markers.Three groups or subgroups were evident for 32 accessions.Seventeen out of 20 accessions (85%) from the northern region of Xinjiang were included in subgroup Ib,while subgroup 1a is a cluster of accessions from the center region of Xinjiang.It suggested that the genetic diversity of H.bogdanii was closely correlated with geographic distribution.