马铃薯羧甲基淀粉的理化性质及结构分析研究

对马铃薯羧甲基淀粉的理化性质进行了详细的研究,包括水分、糊化温度、粘度、取代度、pH值、透明度、氯化钠、析水率及色度的测定,用红外光谱及核磁共振光谱对马铃薯羧甲基淀粉的分子结构给以表征。结果表明,马铃薯羧甲基淀粉具有低温易糊化,冻融稳定性好、粘度高及透明度高的优良品质。     

羟丙基羧甲基淀粉的理化性质研究

对不同改性程度的羟丙基羧甲基淀粉冻融稳定性、透明度进行分析,并采用糊化黏度仪、差示扫描量热仪(DSC)、红外光谱分析羟丙基羧甲基复合改性淀粉的糊化过程.结果表明,淀粉先羟丙基化后羧甲基化复合改性后,提高了淀粉糊的冻融稳定、透明度及黏度,降低了糊化温度,使淀粉遇冷水可溶,红外分析显示,原淀粉上已接入了羟丙基和羧甲基基团.     

荸荠淀粉的研究

研究了荸荠淀粉的性质，包括颗粒的形貌、Ｘ－光衍射图样、链淀粉含量、糊化温度、糊粘度曲线、抗剪切力稳定性、冻融稳定性，以及淀粉乳浓度、ｐＨ、蔗糖对糊粘度的影响。并用玉米和木薯淀粉做了对比．     

交联和乙酰化改性对甘薯淀粉性质的影响

为揭示交联和乙酰化改性对淀粉性质的影响,以甘薯淀粉为原料,对交联淀粉、乙酰化淀粉及交联乙酰化淀粉的糊的性质进行研究,并用扫描电子显微镜、傅里叶变换红外光谱仪和X射线衍射仪对改性淀粉的形貌和结构进行分析.结果表明:甘薯淀粉经交联改性后,糊的热糊稳定性增强,但透明度降低,冻融稳定性没有明显改善;乙酰化改性降低了淀粉的起糊温度,改善了淀粉糊的透明度和冻融稳定性,但热糊稳定性较差;交联乙酰化复合改性能降低淀粉的起糊温度,提高淀粉糊的热糊稳定性、透明度和冻融稳定性.     

羧甲基淀粉糊的性能及其透明度的影响因素

以马铃薯淀粉为原料,采用乙醇溶剂法合成了取代度为0.890 1、糊透明度为89.2%的羧甲基淀粉(CMS).采用傅里叶变换红外光谱和环境扫描电镜对原淀粉和CMS的结构及形貌进行了表征,并探讨了合成因素对糊透明度的影响,发现:CMS糊透明度受取代度及醚化均匀度双重因素的影响.淀粉羧甲基化后糊透明度比原淀粉提高了53.8%,且糊的冻融稳定性、存放稳定性均优于原淀粉;CMS糊的透明度在碱性环境中变化不大,但随着酸性的增大而逐渐下降,且高取代度的CMS的耐酸性优于低取代度的CMS.文中还考察了不同食品添加剂对CMS糊透明度的影响,发现添加氯化钠、柠檬酸将导致CMS糊透明度降低,而葡萄糖、蔗糖的加入则会提高糊透明度.     

不同品种黑小麦淀粉理化性质研究

对黑小麦淀粉的颗粒性状、透明度、膨胀势、直链淀粉含量、冻融稳定性、糊化特性等理化性质进行了研究.结果表明:黑小麦淀粉颗粒较大,多呈圆球形或卵圆形,尺寸为5～25μm;总淀粉含量与对照小偃6号相当;直链淀粉和破损淀粉含量均高于对照小偃6号.黑小麦淀粉具有较好的膨胀特性,但透明度和冻融稳定性较差.黑小麦淀粉的起始糊化温度较高,峰值黏度为0.340～0.483Pa.s,其热糊和冷糊稳定性均比对照品种差,但加入NaCl和蔗糖均能提高黑小麦淀粉糊的热糊稳定性,减缓冷却过程中淀粉的老化,其中起始糊化温度随NaCl浓度的增加而逐渐升高,峰值黏度、回生值、破损值均随NaCl浓度的增加而减小.起始糊化温度、峰值黏度随着蔗糖浓度的增加而增大,破损值和回生值却随蔗糖浓度的增加而下降.另外,随着pH值的升高,黑小麦淀粉的起始糊化温度逐渐降低,峰值黏度、破损值和回生值急剧升高.     

高粘度十二烯基琥珀酸淀粉钠理化性质的研究(Ⅰ)——糊的性质

采用Brabender粘度仪、分光光度计、旋转粘度计等现代分析仪器,研究了高粘度十二烯基琥珀酸淀粉钠糊的流变性质、糊的粘度性质、糊的凝沉性质、糊的透明度和糊的冻融稳定性等理化性质,为其在工业中的应用奠定了理论基础.     

鲜木薯和干木薯片制取淀粉的性质比较研究

我国南方用干木薯片或鲜木薯两种不同的原料生产木薯淀粉。本文研究由这两种原料生产木薯淀粉的性质，包括颗粒形貌、X-光衍射形式、糊化温度、糊的凝沉性、透明度、粘度曲线和受酸碱影响糊粘度的稳定性等。研究结果有利于进一步了解木薯淀粉性质，便于进行更适当的应用和深加工。     

羧甲基淀粉糊液透明度的影响因素及其性能研究

以马铃薯淀粉为原料,用乙醇溶剂法合成取代度为0.8901,透明度为89.2%羧甲基淀粉(CMS)。用红外光谱和扫描电镜对原淀粉、CMS的结构及形貌进行表征,并探讨了合成因素对其溶液透明性的影响,得知CMS糊液透明度受取代度及醚化均匀度双重因素影响。淀粉羧甲基化后糊液透明度比原淀粉提高了53.8%,且糊液冻融稳定性、存放稳定性均好于原淀粉。CMS水溶液透明度在碱性环境中变化不大,但随着酸性增大而逐渐下降,且高取代度的耐酸性优于低取代度CMS。最后考察了不同食品添加剂对CMS糊液透明度的影响,结果显示添加NaCl、柠檬酸将导致其水溶液透明度降低,而葡萄糖、蔗糖的加入会提高其透明性。     

马铃薯交联-羧甲基淀粉的结构与性能

以马铃薯淀粉为原料,环氧氯丙烷为交联剂,制备交联-羧甲基淀粉(CCMS).对比了CCMS与马铃薯原淀粉、交联淀粉(CS)、羧甲基淀粉(CMS)和羧甲基纤维素(CMC)的性质,结果表明CCMS糊液具有良好的抗老化能力、热稳定性、酸碱稳定性及抗剪切稳定性.采用傅里叶变换红外光谱(FT-IR)、环境扫描电镜(ESEM)和X射...     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.