洛伐他汀聚乳酸缓释微球的制备及其体外释药

采用油/水型乳化溶剂挥发法制备了洛伐他汀聚乳酸缓释微球,通过正交试验筛选最优制备工艺;考察了微球的粒径,形态,及载药量、包封率等特征,采用透析法进行微球体外释药研究。结果表明由最佳工艺制备的洛伐他汀聚乳酸微球形态圆整,粒径分布较为均匀。分子量5万聚乳酸制备的微球,载药量32.28%,包封率81.81%,平均粒径65.8μm ;分子量3万聚乳酸制备的微球,载药量27.66%,包封率60.84%,平均粒径63.3μm。二者在10d内体外累积释放率分别为34.81%和40.96%,释药动力学符合Higuchi方程。     

水作为有机相添加剂对牛血清白蛋白聚己内酯微球的影响

采用固/油/水(S/O/W)法制备牛血清白蛋白(BSA)聚己内酯(PCL)微球,在BSA-PCL-CH2Cl2体系中添加一定量的水(2%~4%),以微球的粒径、表面形态、载药量、包封率、BSA体外释放行为和稳定性为考察指标,考察水作为有机相添加剂对微球性质和药物稳定性的影响.结果表明,在BSA-PCL-CH2Cl2体系中添加一定量水后,载药量和包封率显著提高,降低了突释,同时增加了微球内BSAα-螺旋含量,即提高微球内BSA的稳定性.     

负载丝裂霉素C的聚乳酸微球制备及细胞生长抑制作用研究

利用单乳化溶剂挥发法制备负载丝裂霉素C（MMC）的聚乳酸（PLA）载药微球. 优化载药微球的制备条件,当药物与载体聚合物比例为10:90时,微球的实际载药量与包封率分别达到最高值5.62%与49.1%;采用SEM对微球形貌进行表征;对载药微球的体外释药进行研究,结果表明载药微球无明显暴释现象,可有效缓释MMC达30天以上,累计释放量为84.8%;细胞实验结果表明,载药微球可以有效抑制小鼠NIH-3T3成纤维细胞的增殖.     

聚羟基丁酸羟基辛酸载骨形成蛋白缓释纳米微球研究

创建载骨形成蛋白(rBMP)的聚羟基丁酸与羟基辛酸(PHBHOx)纳米微球(rBMP-PHBHOx),为关节一体化支架硬骨区细胞提供生长因子.以载药量、包封率为技术指标优化纳米微球的制备条件,以pH7.4磷酸盐缓冲液为释放介质考察了微球的体外缓释性能,采用负压法将纳米微球胶体液纳入骨组织工程支架中,电镜观察其形貌及大小.制备的纳米微球平均粒径为(564.75±53.46)nm,载药量为(0.011 72±0.002 62)%,包封率为(83.50±2.82)%,体外释药率13d可达82.50%.     

那格列奈壳聚糖微球的制备及其释放性能

采用乳化分散-化学交联法,以那格列奈(nateglinide)为模型药物,戊二醛为交联剂,制备了那格列奈壳聚糖微球,考察各种条件对所制备微球的理化性质和药物释放性能的影响.结果表明,所得微球球形规整,粒度分布均匀,呈黄褐色,平均粒径2.054 m,载药量为9.12%,药物包封率达48.9%.XRD分析结果表明,微球内部药物主要以无定形聚集态存在.体外模拟释放结果表明,微球有良好的平稳缓释性能.其释药速率随着壳聚糖浓度增大而减慢,在酸性介质中略大于在弱碱性介质中.     

羟基丁酸与羟基辛酸共聚物载阿霉素缓释纳米微球的研究

利用新型生物可降解羟基丁酸与羟基辛酸共聚物(PHBHOx)为材料,用超声乳化法制备载药纳米微球,响应面分析法(RSM)优化制备工艺,激光粒度分析仪测定纳米微球平均粒径;用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)观察纳米微球的形态特征及粒径大小.用MTT法进行载药纳米微球体外抑制肿瘤细胞试验.表明最佳制备条件为PHBHOx(1.0 g)与阿霉素质量比25 : 1,Tween-80为0.079 g,Span-80为0.016 g、超声波处理时间为3 min,聚乙烯醇为0.38 g,得到平均粒径大小为320 nm,载药量为3.2%,包封率为77.5%的载药纳米微球.     

响应面法优化恩替卡韦微球的制备及体外释药

为了开发抗乙肝病毒药物恩替卡韦长效缓释制剂,采用S/O/W乳化-溶剂挥发法制备恩替卡韦微球,并使用Box-Behnken响应面法对处方参数进行优化。选取PLGA质量浓度、PVA体积分数、水油比作为自变量,以载药量、包封率、粒径为响应。得到的最优处方参数为:PLGA质量浓度为0.13 g·m L-1,PVA体积分数为1.2%,水油比为91∶1,载药量为19.23±0.32%,包封率为76.91±1.28%,平均粒径为84.5μm。对优化后的微球的形貌、体外释药行为进行了评价,扫描电子显微镜显示微球呈球形,结构致密,表面光滑。微球的体外释药行为说明药物是以一级动力学模型释放的,缓释可以达到59 d。结果表明,Box-Behnken响应面法可提供合适的恩替卡韦微球处方,制备的微球具有很好的缓释效果,明显延长药物作用时间。     

PLGA基载药复合微球的制备及其释放性能

以聚乳酸-羟基乙酸(PLGA)为载体材料,牛血清蛋白(BSA)为蛋白模型药物,采用复相乳化溶剂法制备PLGA载药微球,探索载药微球制备过程中囊芯比、初乳水油比、分散剂浓度、超声乳化时间对微球粒径大小、载药率、包封率的影响。结果表明,最优载药微球的制备条件为:囊芯比1:1,初乳水油比3:5,分散剂质量分数0.5%,超声乳化时间2 min。在此条件下,所得PLGA微球的粒径为268.7 nm,载药率30.88%,包封率46.95%; 电镜照片表明微球表面连续光滑,粒径分布较均匀。采用静电吸附法用阳离子聚电解质壳聚糖对最佳条件下的PLGA载药微球进行表面修饰,扫描电镜表明复合后微球粒径变大,能谱分析表明复合后微球中有N元素存在,即复合微球中存在壳聚糖,电荷测试表明微球表面带正电; 体外释放实验表明PLGA-CS复合载药微球的缓释时间延长,释药初期的突释性明显改善。     

利福平SiO_2纳米微球制备及影响因素的研究

采用正交试验设计对纳米SiO_2微球各组分因素的不同水平进行优化组合,将各水平组合制备成相应的微球,以微球SiO_2含量为评价指标筛选出最佳组分因素的水平组合.通过考察、表征和比较这些微球的粒径、载药量和包封率等指标,同时结合载药微球-利福平纳米二氧化硅微球的释放试验,分别进行纳米SiO_2微球组分对微球制备、微球表征和药物释放影响的评价.获取的最佳水平组合为A1B3C3D3,即纳米SiO_2粒径10 nm、PLA 80 mg/mL、明胶40 mg/mL和二氯甲烷:丙酮=2∶2.该水平组合制备的利福平纳米SiO_2微球外观圆整,大小均匀,粒径可控,其载药量、包封率均在60%以上,且体外释放稳定,符合药物缓释的要求.实验结果也显示,聚乳酸含量为载药量的最主要影响因素,其次为两种溶剂(疏水与亲水)的比例,以及孔径和稳定剂的含量.     

载羟基喜树碱叶酸-壳聚糖微球制备及其缓释性

以羟基喜树碱为药物模型,壳聚糖为药物载体,叶酸为肿瘤靶向配体,利用静电相互作用的原理,通过离子交联法合成载羟基喜树碱的叶酸-壳聚糖(FA-CTS/HCPT)微球.利用动态光散射、扫描电镜、以及红外等技术对微球的结构、平均粒径及粒径分布、形态特征、对药物的包封率及载药量、体外释放等特点进行了初步研究.结果表明,所制得的微球平均粒径为32.65μm.扫描电镜下观察其形态圆整,大小均匀,无粘连.对羟基喜树碱包封率最高为90.9%,载药量为20.9%.在人工胃液pH值1.2及人工小肠液pH值6.8条件下具有很好的缓释作用且无突释现象.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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An on-line scaling method for improving scalability of a database cluster

The explosive growth of the Internet and database applications has driven database to be more scalable and available, and able to support on-line scaling without interrupting service. To support more client's queries without downtime and degrading the response time, more nodes have to be scaled up while the database is running. This paper presents the overview of scalable and available database that satisfies the above characteristics. And we propose a novel on-line scaling method. Our method improves the existing on-line scaling method for fast response time and higher throughputs. Our proposed method reduces unnecessary network use, i.e. , we decrease the number of data copy by reusing the backup data. Also, our on-line scaling operation can be processed parallel by selecting adequate nodes as new node. Our performance study shows that our method results in significant reduction in data copy time.     

An improved R-tree based on childnode''s probability

R-Tree is a good structure for spatial searching. But in this indexing structure,either the sequence of nodes in the same level or sequence of traveling these nodes when queries are made is random. Since the possibility that the object appears in different MBR which have the same parents node is different, if we make the subnode who has the most possibility be traveled first, the time cost will be decreased in most of the cases. In some case, the possibility of a point belong to a rectangle will shows direct proportion with the size of the rectangle. But this conclusion is based on an assumption that the objects are symmetrically distributing in the area and this assumption is not always coming into existence. Now we found a more direct parameter to scale the possibility and made a little change on the structure of R-tree, to increase the possibility of founding the satisfying answer in the front sub trees. We names this structure probability based arranged R-tree (PBAR-tree).     

Integrating GIS Web services based on mediating architecture

The geographic information service is enabled by the advancements in general Web service technology and the focused efforts of the OGC in defining XML-based Web GIS service. Based on these models, this paper addresses the issue of services chaining,the process of combining or pipelining results from several interoperable GIS Web Services to create a customized solution. This paper presents a mediated chaining architecture in which a specific service takes responsibility for performing the process that describes a service chain. We designed the Spatial Information Process Language (SIPL) for dynamic modeling and describing the service chain, also a prototype of the Spatial Information Process Execution Engine (SIPEE) is implemented for executing processes written in SIPL. Discussion of measures to improve the functionality and performance of such system will be included.     

Tracking data management using topology of moving object database system for moving object constrained trajectory in LBS application

Advances in wireless technologies and positioning technologies and spread of wireless devices, an interest in LBS (Location Based Service) is arising. To provide location based service, tracking data should have been stored in moving object database management system (called MODBMS) with proper policies and managed efficiently. So the methods which acquire the location information at regular time intervals then, store and manage have been studied. In this paper, we suggest tracking data management techniques using topology that is corresponding to the moving path of moving object. In our techniques, we update the MODBMS when moving object arrived at a street intersection or a curved road which is represented as the node in topology and predict the location at past and future with attribute of topology and linear function. In this technique, location data that are corresponding to the node in topology are stored, thus reduce the number of update and amount of data. Also in case predicting the location,because topology are used as well as existing location information, accuracy for prediction is increased than applying linear function or spline function.