电弧法合成富勒烯研究

以光谱纯石墨电极为原料,He气氛下,研究并获得了自制电弧炉电弧放电法制备富勒烯的最佳工艺条件：氦气压力P=0．04～0．06MPa,直流电流强度I=100～150A。对电弧法合成富勒烯的形成机理进行了探讨,认为适宜的温度场分布是提高富勒烯产率的重要因素。     

妊娠血清锌,铜,铁,钙,镁FAAS测定及围产研究

应用火焰原子吸收光谱法（ＦＡＡＳ）直接测定不同妊周孕妇及婴儿脐血血清中微量元素含量，并以标准物牛血清作方法质控，监测结果有效地用于产前干预．在最佳实验条件下，各元素的精密度（ＳＲ）．检出限（ρＤＬ／ｍｇ·Ｌ－１）和标准加入回收率（Ｙ）分别为：Ｚｎ，４．１０％，９５６×１０－３，９９．０％～１０３％；Ｃｕ，３．５０％，０．０３７，９７．０％～１０１％；Ｆｅ，４．２７％，０．０４３，９９．０％～１０３％；Ｃａ，２．２９％，０．０２０，９９．０％～１０１％；Ｍｇ，２．２９％，３．８８×１０－３，９７．０％～１０３％．该方法具有用样量少、简便准确、高精密度等特点．     

新试剂6-(2-羟基-4-二乙基氨苯偶氮)-2,3-二氢-1.4-酞嗪二酮的电化学发光研究

应用自制的ＥＣＬ－１型电致化学发光仪，对新试剂６－（２－羟基－４－二乙基氨苯偶氮）－２．３－二氢－１，４－酞嗪二酮（ＨＤＥＡ）在Ｎａ２ＣＯ３－ＮａＨＣＯ３缓冲介质中的电化学发光行为作了研究．结果发现，当介质ｐＨ值为 １０．５４时，在一定的实验条件下，施加 １．７Ｖ （ＶＳ．ＳＣＥ）三角波脉冲电压，体系的发光强度与ＨＤＥＡ浓度在５．０ × １０－９～１．０×１０－６ｍｏｌ／Ｌ范围内呈线性关系，反应的检测限达１．０×１０－９ｍｏｌ／Ｌ．     

耐尔蓝荧光探针法测定核酸

基于ＤＮＡ或ＲＮＡ对耐尔蓝荧光的猝灭效应, 建立一种新的ＤＮＡ 或ＲＮＡ 的测定方法． 在最优条件下, 测定小牛胸腺ＤＮＡ、鲑鱼精子ＤＮＡ、鲱鱼精子ＤＮＡ 和酵母ＲＮＡ 的线性范围分别为： ３－０ ～２－０ ×１０３ｎｇ／ｍＬ、９－０ ～２－０ ×１０３ｎｇ／ｍＬ、５－４ ～５－０ ×１０３ｎｇ／ｍＬ 和２７ ～１０ ×１０３ｎｇ／ｍＬ．检测限分别是３－０ｎｇ／ｍＬ、９－０ｎｇ／ｍＬ、５－４ｎｇ／ｍＬ和２７ｎｇ／ｍＬ, 相对标准差（ｎ ＝ ６） 是２－１ ％ ． 本文还讨论了干扰物质的影响．     

吸附溶出伏安表法测定痕量铟的研究

在ＮａＡｃ－ＨＡｃ底液中，铟（Ⅲ）与茜素红形成的络合物在悬汞电极（ＨＭＤＥ）上有良好的吸咐溶出行为，于－０．６２Ｖ（ＶＳ，ＳＣＥ）处有一灵敏的吸咐溶出峰．利用１，５次微分，在１×１０－１０～８×１０－８ｍｏｌ／Ｌ．Ｉ（Ⅲ）浓度范围内，峰峰值与Ｉ（Ⅲ）浓度有良好有线性关系，检出限为７．５×１０－１１ｍｏｌ／Ｌ．用本法测定铜矿中的铟，结果满意．还研究了电流性质和电极过程机理．     

全碳分子布基球烯的高效合成、萃取与分离

介绍了用阳极弧蒸发石墨法合成Ｃ６０，Ｃ７０的技术，及Ｃ６０，Ｃ７０的萃取、提纯和液相色谱分离方法．着重研究了影响Ｃ６０，Ｃ７０产率的各种因素，如气体种类、弧电流、气压、石墨纯度等，得出了合成Ｃ６０，Ｃ７０的最佳条件：当氦气气压为２０ｋＰａ，弧电流为６５Ａ时，产率最高可达１５％；当氖气气压为１６ｋＰａ，弧电流为７０Ａ时，产率最高可达２１％．绘出了产率随氦气气压变化及弧电流变化的曲线，并给出了Ｃ６０，Ｃ７０的１３Ｃ核磁共振谱、红外吸收谱和质谱．     

黄嘴白鹭的繁殖生态学研究

１９９０年３月～１９９２年９月在河南信阳南湾水库牌坊鸟岛对黄嘴白鹭的繁殖、生长和恒温能力发育进行了研究，结果是：（１）成鸟三月下旬到达繁殖区，九月下旬离去；（２）巢离地平均高１４．７１±１．８０ｍ，巢内径２９：９０±１．２２×２７．１８±１．６６ｃｍ，巢深４．２７±０．９１ｃｍ；（３）平均窝卵数３．７３±０．４７枚，卵平均重３０．６５±３．０９ｇ．卵径４８．０４±２．２１×３５．９５±１．６５ｍｍ，（ＫＷ＝０．４９４）；（４）孵化期为２３．１０±１．２９天，孵出率为９１．６７％，初生重为２３．２５±１．９５ｇ，孵化期间卵的失水率为其体重的２３．８２％，育雏期约为３５～４０天；（５）幼鸟生长模型为Ｗｔ＝３９３／（１＋ｅ２．９３２０－０．２５１１ｔ）Ｒ２＝０．９９；（６）恒温能力发育分三个时期，即迅速发育期、缓慢发育期和恒温期，恒温能力发育完善之日正是鹭鸟羽毛完全覆盖丰满之时；（７）雏鸟食性组成主要有两栖类（４６．７３％），泥鳅（４３．６１％）和鱼（９．６６％）。     

银微盘电极阴极溶出伏安法测定黄酒啤酒中L-半胱氨酸

基于Ｌ－半胱氨酸（Ｃｙｓ）能与Ａｇ＋生成难溶化合物特性，在银微盘电极上成功实现了Ｃｙｓ－Ａｇ阴极溶出伏安法．该法操作简便，无需搅拌、不要镀汞、精密度好，于０．２ｍｏｌ／ＬＨＡｃ－ＮａＡｃ介质中，Ｃｙｓ浓度为５．０×１０－７～１．０×１０－４ｍｏｌ／Ｌ范围与峰电流有良好的线性关系．用于黄酒、啤酒中Ｌ－半胱氨酸含量的测定，结果令人满意．     

上海四膜虫细胞膜和纤毛的蛋白质研究

以丰富有机培养基恒温无菌培养的上海四膜虫（ＴｅｔｒａｈｙｍｅｎａｓｈａｎｇｈａｉｅｎｓｉｓＳｌ）为实验材料，分别收集对数生长期和衰老期的四膜虫，用Ｎｏｚａｗａ等人［１］法制备细胞膜和纤毛样品，并按Ｌａｅｍｍｌｉ［２］法进行凝胶电泳，并扫描分析，还采用４％～２５％梯度凝胶电泳．结果为：（１）对数期的膜和纤毛样品的蛋白带，在相同的峰面积０．２ｍｍ２以上计算分别为３７和４０条，相应地比衰老期的膜和纤毛样品的蛋白带４７和４５条要少；（２）两种生理状态的纤毛样品在高分子区域蛋白带比膜样品多，并具有膜样品没有的３６０×１０３，３５５×１０３，３４５×１０３，３４０×１０３和３３０×１０３的蛋白带，而缺少膜含有的２５０×１０３，２００×１０３和１８０×１０３等蛋白带；（３）两种生理状态的纤毛和膜样品内部有明显的差别，即使具有相同的蛋白带，其含量也有显著不同．这些差别对于研究细胞衰老的分子机理有重要意义．     

钆内嵌金属富勒烯的制备、分离及质谱表征

利用自制的电弧炉,通过电弧放电法合成了内嵌金属富勒烯Gd@C82,研究并获得了制备钆金属富勒烯的最佳工艺条件：摩尔比Gd：C=1：15,电流I=90～100A,氦气压力0．08MPa;探讨并获得了Gd@C82新的萃取分离条件：常温下以DMF为溶剂,抽真空至压强为0．01MPa下萃取;讨论了内嵌金属富勒烯的生成和分离机理。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the