基于自适应频率选择的鲁棒时延估计算法

为了增强相位变换加权广义互相关方法(GCC-PHAT)这一常用时延估计方法对噪声的鲁棒性,提出了一种基于频率自适应选择的改进算法.该算法利用较短的语音数据(32ms)估计出每个频率的协方差矩阵,从而计算出每个频率的信噪比(SNR),然后自适应地选择SNR较大的频率用于时延估计.仿真实验结果表明,不论是在中等混响(混响时间T60=0.3s)还是在强混响(T60=0.6s)条件下,相对于GCC-PHAT方法,该算法对噪声的鲁棒性更强.     

自适应升阶谱有限元程序实现的几个问题

本文探讨了自适应升阶谱有限元程序实现中的几个问题，即容许位移函数的选择和积分值的计算、升阶技术、自适应算法的迭代格式和误差估计判据。     

Max-plus代数中analogy-transitive矩阵及其本征问题

定义一类analogy-transitive矩阵,讨论其基本性质,给出判定一个矩阵是否为analogytransitive矩阵的判定定理及算法,最后讨论关于analogy-transitive矩阵的本征问题.对于analogytransitive矩阵,存在一个O(n2)的算法计算其唯一本征值λ(A)和所有本征向量x=(x1,…,xn)使得max j=1,…,n(aij+xj)=λ+xi(i=1,…,n).该结果较一般情况下O(n3)的算法有所改进.     

钻井布局模型

利用了高斯取整函数int(x)=[x]和定义了判断函数F(x1,y1,x2,y2)(值为0或1),使问题转化为求max∑n1F(x1,y1,a,b),根据F的定义使问题的求解过程线性化、规范化.从而使问题转化成求解二元线性不等式组的问题,为此可方便地借助计算机求出最佳结果.在解答问题二时,将角度离散化,通过等价距离max{|dx|,|dy|}≤dx2+dy2≤2max{dx,dy},使问题转化为问题一的情形,利用问题一的算法求解;最后给出n口旧井均可利用的充要条件和简明算法.根据算法求得的最优解是一个区域而不是一个点,为模型结果的实际应用提供了选择的余地.     

非定常对流扩散问题间断有限元方法的后验误差估计

后验误差估计是自适应算法的基础.为了设计有效的自适应算法,必须恰当估计数值解的误差界,自适应算法依此来实现网格的局部调整,提高计算效率,改善计算精度.运用对偶论证,给出了非定常对流扩散问题间断有限元(DG)方法的后验误差分析.由有限元的正交性、分部积分和相关逼近性质,严格推导出误差泛函的上界.     

组合导航系统新息自适应卡尔曼滤波算法

全球定位系统(GPS)量测噪声的不稳定变化将造成惯性导航系统(INS)/GPS舰用组合系统卡尔曼滤波器性能下降,在对自适应卡尔曼滤波器分析的基础上,提出了一种新的基于新息估计的自适应卡尔曼滤波算法.该算法通过计算新息方差强度的极大似然估计最优估计,将新息方差计算直接引入卡尔曼滤波器的增益计算.仿真结果表明,本文方法较标准卡尔曼滤波器可以提高系统精度和抗干扰能力.     

量化噪声对插值fast Fourier transform谐波估计的影响

插值fast Fourier transform(FFT)算法是对谐波频率、幅度和相位三参数进行精确估计的常见方法.信号中的噪声无疑会影响插值FFT算法的谐波估计结果.有文献讨论过信号中的白噪声对插值FFT算法谐波估计结果的影响,尚没有文献讨论过A/D(analog-to-digital)量化噪声对插值FFT算法谐波估计结果的影响.本文首先对插值FFT谐波估计算法做了简单介绍,接着对A/D量化噪声的特点进行了分析研究.在此基础上,仔细研究了量化噪声对插值FFT谐波估计方法的影响程度——给出了计算模型、进行了大量仿真计算、得出了量化噪声对谐波频率、幅度和相位3参数估计结果影响程度的结论.相信所得结论对电路设计中的A/D器件、信号调理器件等的选型有指导意义.     

基于判决反馈均衡的水声信道估计与通信算法

在分析基于最小均方信道估计算法的基础上,对计算量较小的匹配追踪算法进行改进,引入路径门限调整机制以克服虚假路径造成的不良影响,利用重要路径权系数的2次迭代修正方法,进一步提高了水声稀疏信道的估计精度;借助于信道估计值进行均衡系数的解算,利用判决反馈均衡器(DFE)的输出信号对信道估计质量进行实时评估,提出了一种基于DFE的信道长度自适应选择的信道估计算法,同时,通过仿真和实地实验验证了其有效性.结果表明,所提出的算法能够在未知水声环境下实现对信道估计算法的自适应调整以及对预估信道长度的合理选择,以较高的计算效率而实现对水声信道的精确估计,满足未知水声信道环境下的精确信道估计及通信应用需要.     

基于自适应粒子群优化FastSLAM算法的改进

快速同时定位与建图(FastSLAM)算法中的重采样过程会带来粒子退化和粒子多样性减弱问题,为了改进算法的性能、提高估计精度,针对FastSLAM算法的特点,设计了一种改进的FastSLAM算法,将FastSLAM算法中的粒子滤波部分用自适应粒子群优化算法来代替,并且引入了粒子的筛选区间,通过改善算法初期的粒子分布情况,以及采用交叉变异操作这种自适应优化策略来对粒子种群进行调整.最后在MATLAB仿真平台针对三种算法进行了对比并验证改进后算法的优越性,实验结果表明基于自适应粒子群优化的FastSLAM算法在估计精度和计算效率方面都具有较好的性能.     

区分度与测验进程相匹配的CAT选题策略

选题策略是计算机化自适应测验(CAT)的核心.该文提出了一种新的选题策略,是一种相对严格的“升a”方法,它选择区分度参数的百分等级尽可能接近测验进程的项目,而且还可以通过调整控制参数的取值来满足不同测验场景的需求.Monte Carlo实验结果表明:该方法在测验精度、项目曝光率控制和题库利用率等方面均表现良好.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…