函数型变量选择法用于空气质量影响因素实证分析

以全国31个主要城市的空气污染数据作为研究对象,通过B-样条逼近离散数据,拟合日变动曲线作为函数型数据,采用基于Group LASSO的函数型变量选择方法对空气污染因素和气象因素进行变量选择,选取影响空气质量的主要因素,并建立函数型回归模型,同时与函数型主成分回归方法进行比较,发现Group LASSO函数型变量选择方法不仅对群组变量进行选择,而且对选择出的群组内变量还能做进一步的选择,可以获得较为稳健的估计结果和较好的选择效果。     

基于岭回归和LASSO回归的安徽省财政收入影响因素分析

基于1988—2019年安徽省财政收入及相关经济指标数据,运用岭回归和LASSO回归方法,探究安徽省财政收入的影响因素.考虑到较多的自变量会造成严重的多重共线性,首先应用岭回归及LASSO回归模型降低变量间共线性的影响,然后再进行变量选择,最后对两模型进行比较分析.结果显示:相较于岭回归模型,LASSO回归模型更优.第...     

南京市呼吸系统疾病死亡人数与气象因子的关系

利用2005年1月1日-2008年12月31日南京市逐日呼吸系统疾病死亡人数资料和同期气象资料,研究了气象要素变化对呼吸系统疾病死亡人数的影响.结果表明:南京市呼吸系统疾病死亡人数冬季最高,其次是春季,秋季和夏季较少;南京市逐日呼吸系统疾病死亡人数对气象要素变化的响应存在滞后性,春季滞后6-7 d,夏秋季滞后8-10 d,冬季滞后2-5 d;对风寒指数响应的滞后响应时间,春季7-8 d,夏季和秋季相关弱,冬季2-3 d;前期的空气污染和后期的剧烈降温叠加,可能是南京冬季呼吸系统疾病患者死亡的重要诱因;春季随着气温的回升,空气污染程度减轻,患者对气温变化的耐受性也延长了,但响应敏感性比冬季增强了;通过逐步回归,建立了冬季和春季南京呼吸系统疾病的死亡人数预报方程.     

高炉铁水硅含量序列的支持向量机预测模型

基于包钢6号高炉的在线生产数据,首先建立铁水硅含量序列的自回归AR(p)模型,分析其滞后阶数;然后对硅含量的自回归项及影响因素进行主成分分析,找到多元变量相互独立的有效信息作为输入变量;最后建立铁水硅含量的支持向量机回归预测模型。该模型对炉温预测的准确度达到88.2%,对在线监测高炉炉温具有一定的实用价值。     

基于分位数因子模型的高维时间序列因果关系分析

从观察数据中发现变量之间的因果关系是许多科学研究领域的关键问题，传统Granger因果模型受到维度灾难的影响，难以准确地在高维时间序列中发现因果关系.提出一种基于分位数因子模型的Granger因果分析新方法 QFMCGC用于高维时间序列因果关系的判定.首先，QFM-CGC采用赤池信息量准则进行模型选择，避免人为干预设置滞后阶数的操作；然后，对向量自回归（Vector Autoregressive,VAR）模型中的条件变量建立分位数因子模型进行降维，减少VAR模型中的待估计系数，对降维后的VAR模型重新进行条件Granger因果分析；最后，使用蒙特卡洛模拟评估不同方法识别底层系统与观测时间序列的连通性结构的能力.在不同维度变量的线性仿真系统和两组现实数据集上与基准方法和经典方法进行了比较，实验结果验证了该方法的有效性.     

北京市大气污染物与呼吸系统疾病入院人数的时间序列

为评价北京市空气污染对居民呼吸系统疾病急诊就诊人数的影响,采用基于时间序列的半参广义相加模型,在控制了长期趋势、"星期几效应"及气象因子等混杂因素的影响后,分析2009-2011年北京市空气污染物与呼吸系统疾病入院人数的暴露—反应关系,并按上呼吸道感染(上感)和下呼吸道感染(下感)分层建立模型.结果表明,污染物有一定的滞后效应,NO_2在当天或滞后2 d,SO_2在滞后2 d,PM_(10)在滞后2 d或4 d使得呼吸系统疾病急诊就诊人数的相对危险度(RR)值达到最大,其中SO2、NO2和PM_(10)浓度每增加10μg/m~3,对应的呼吸系统疾病全人群的RR值及95%置信区间(CI)分别为:1.0114(95%CI:1.0077~1.0183),1.021 3(95%CI:1.0150~1.021 3)和1.011 3(95%CI:1.0049~1.0173).同时还发现,大气污染物对上感的影响比下感明显.     

交互影响的时间序列联立方程模型及其应用

对时间序列向量自回归模型进行了改进,提出了一种新模型(交互影响的时间序列联立方程模型).对新模型滞后阶数的确定、解释变量的选择、参数的估计进行了阐述.最后,通过实例进一步论述了新模型的有效性.     

影响我国债务偿还的因素

利用有限自回归分布滞后变量模型对我国债务偿还影响因素进行了实证研究.     

自动代客泊车接受度及停车选择行为影响因素分析

自动代客泊车是无人驾驶系统的重要组成部分，对于缓解城市交通拥堵具有重要作用。为了探讨自动代客泊车接受度及选择行为影响因素，本文首先基于技术接受模型，选取感知易用性、感知有用性、行为态度、行为意向、感知风险、信任六个心理潜变量构建自动代客泊车接受度模型。随后基于线上调查问卷数据，采用随机森林算法构建考虑心理潜变量模型与不考虑心理潜变量模型，研究发现考虑心理潜变量的随机森林模型拟合优度更高，更适合用于分析自动代客泊车选择行为的影响因素。通过袋外估算误差率对考虑心理潜变量的随机森林模型进行变量筛选，结果表明当变量个数为9时，该模型的袋外估算误差率最小，筛选后的变量分别为停车费用、受教育程度、感知风险、出行总成本、行为意向、信任、月收入水平、感知易用性、年龄。最后将筛选后的九个变量纳入逻辑回归中进一步分析各变量对选择行为的影响程度，参数标定结果表明停车费用、受教育程度、感知风险、出行总成本、行为意向、信任、月收入水平、年龄变量均对选择行为具有显著影响。     

岭回归、LASSO回归和Adaptive-LASSO回归下的财政收入因素分析

选取了18个影响吉林省财政收入的因素,运用SAS软件建立了吉林省财政收入的多元回归模型.由于自变量过多并且存在严重的多重共线性,因此需要进行变量选择,本文运用岭回归模型、LASSO回归模型及Adaptive-LASSO回归模型进行变量选择,最后对这三个模型进行了比较分析,得出Adaptive-LASSO回归模型相对较优的结论.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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An on-line scaling method for improving scalability of a database cluster

The explosive growth of the Internet and database applications has driven database to be more scalable and available, and able to support on-line scaling without interrupting service. To support more client's queries without downtime and degrading the response time, more nodes have to be scaled up while the database is running. This paper presents the overview of scalable and available database that satisfies the above characteristics. And we propose a novel on-line scaling method. Our method improves the existing on-line scaling method for fast response time and higher throughputs. Our proposed method reduces unnecessary network use, i.e. , we decrease the number of data copy by reusing the backup data. Also, our on-line scaling operation can be processed parallel by selecting adequate nodes as new node. Our performance study shows that our method results in significant reduction in data copy time.     

An improved R-tree based on childnode''s probability

R-Tree is a good structure for spatial searching. But in this indexing structure,either the sequence of nodes in the same level or sequence of traveling these nodes when queries are made is random. Since the possibility that the object appears in different MBR which have the same parents node is different, if we make the subnode who has the most possibility be traveled first, the time cost will be decreased in most of the cases. In some case, the possibility of a point belong to a rectangle will shows direct proportion with the size of the rectangle. But this conclusion is based on an assumption that the objects are symmetrically distributing in the area and this assumption is not always coming into existence. Now we found a more direct parameter to scale the possibility and made a little change on the structure of R-tree, to increase the possibility of founding the satisfying answer in the front sub trees. We names this structure probability based arranged R-tree (PBAR-tree).     

Integrating GIS Web services based on mediating architecture

The geographic information service is enabled by the advancements in general Web service technology and the focused efforts of the OGC in defining XML-based Web GIS service. Based on these models, this paper addresses the issue of services chaining,the process of combining or pipelining results from several interoperable GIS Web Services to create a customized solution. This paper presents a mediated chaining architecture in which a specific service takes responsibility for performing the process that describes a service chain. We designed the Spatial Information Process Language (SIPL) for dynamic modeling and describing the service chain, also a prototype of the Spatial Information Process Execution Engine (SIPEE) is implemented for executing processes written in SIPL. Discussion of measures to improve the functionality and performance of such system will be included.     

Tracking data management using topology of moving object database system for moving object constrained trajectory in LBS application

Advances in wireless technologies and positioning technologies and spread of wireless devices, an interest in LBS (Location Based Service) is arising. To provide location based service, tracking data should have been stored in moving object database management system (called MODBMS) with proper policies and managed efficiently. So the methods which acquire the location information at regular time intervals then, store and manage have been studied. In this paper, we suggest tracking data management techniques using topology that is corresponding to the moving path of moving object. In our techniques, we update the MODBMS when moving object arrived at a street intersection or a curved road which is represented as the node in topology and predict the location at past and future with attribute of topology and linear function. In this technique, location data that are corresponding to the node in topology are stored, thus reduce the number of update and amount of data. Also in case predicting the location,because topology are used as well as existing location information, accuracy for prediction is increased than applying linear function or spline function.