化工生产过程计算机仿真控制系统

针对大型化工生产过程控制的仿真对各类操作人员的培训问题,以自主开发设计的甲醇和碳酸二甲酯生产过程仿真控制系统为背景,阐述了化工生产过程计算机仿真控制系统的建模技术及模型求解方法,并给出了基于PID的调节器参数整定方法以及主要控制过程的PID控制仿真实例,该系统不仅适用于化工企业员工的上岗培训,而且适用于化工专业学生的生产实习.     

合成氨工艺认识实习的CAI系统

计算机辅助教学是多媒体技术的一个重要分支，它是将文字，声音、动像、动画等多种媒体集成到计算机中，帮助教师进行教学的一种方式，该文描述ＣＡＩ在化工原理课程认识实习中的应用，介绍了合成氨工艺仿真系统的设计原理、特点及应用。系统系统不仅可用于教学。使学生对化工过程有一个形象直观的认识，而且可以使学生通过计算机模拟化工生产过程的操作，使其有一个身临其境的感觉。该系统也适合培训工厂企业的操作技工。     

化工生产中DCS自动控制的应用研究

DCS系统是主要通过网络、电脑、监控、通讯以及自动化控制等各种技术手段来控制生产的过程,到目前为止,这一种技术已引入到化工生产之中,并日益普及,为节约资源以及安全生产创造了条件。通过该项技术在化工生产的具体应用,阐明该项技术使用当中重点把握的事项,希望能够为化工生产充分发挥该项技术的作用提供参考依据。     

高温废水闪蒸节能与回收物料技术的研究与应用

对精馏塔塔釜排放的高温废水，采用欲称“大气腿”技术回收其中的能量与有机物料。即使用蒸汽喷射泵形成真空，使部分高温废水和物料闪蒸汽化，进入生产系统回收利用。该技术同时适用于各种化工过程排放的高温废水等低阶能源的回收与节能。     

对苯二甲酸工艺全流程仿真系统

介绍了年产７．５万吨对苯二甲酸工艺全流程仿真培训系统．该系统采用微机网络结构模拟了化工过程动态特性和仿ＴＤＣ３０００集散控制系统，并拥有工艺现场模拟站以及教师指令台，可实现对工艺操作员、仪表技术员和组态工程师的培训     

实物性和虚拟性相结合的变电站培训仿真系统

提出的基本网络的实物性和虚拟性相结合的变电站培训仿真系统，综合运用了网络技术，专家系统技术，控件技术和DirectX技术，具有丰富的仿真功能，在变电站培训仿真系统的个体培训模式和师生培训模式的基础上，提出并实现了协作培训模式，该培训仿真系统为快速培养合格的变电运行人员提供了强有力的工具。     

桌面ECDIS培训系统

介绍了基于计算机网络技术的桌面ECDIS（电子海图显示与信息系统）培训系统，解决了船舶驾驶人员的ECDIS操作培训及CAI教学。该系统按照国际海图显示标准与电海图数据传输标准，以面向对象的Visual C 为开发工具，实现海图信息显示、航海推算与定位等功能。采用多变量函数法由离散分布的实测水深获得船舶所在位置的水深，实现了测深仪仿真，系统模拟实际的ECDIS的操作界面，使教学更加真实和简捷，学员在短时间内就能快速地熟悉和掌握ECDIS的原理和操作。系统的实时交互性使教可随时杳看任一指定9学员的当前操作情况，指导和培训赏进行各种海图作业操作。     

流量检测控制系统

目前国内采用的流量计量方法主要有玻璃管量油孔板测气、翻斗量油孔板测气、两相分离密度法和三相分离计量方法等。随着技术的进步，石化生产越来越需要功能强、自动化程度高的计量设备以提高劳动生产率和企业的管理水平。除此以外，生产中有时需要添加各种助剂（如聚合反应），由此引出了这个恒流量的控制系统。综上所述．无论是在化工生产过程中注入各种助剂．还是在成品的计量及运输过程中，对于流量都要求一定的精确计量和控制。     

基于宽带应用的视频点播系统的设计与实现

介绍了基于ASP技术的网络视频点播系统的设计与开发过程，该系统采用Browse／Server模式，服务器端利用ADO组件访问数据库，后台数据库采用Acoess。用户可以通过注册使用从而了解本站的各项功能，并可以在线收听音乐及观看影片等，实现了用户的网络视频点播功能。     

基于DCOSE的面向对象的图形化建模系统D-CAM设计研究

基于DCOSE仿真支撑环境,设计了一套面向对象的图形化建模系统D-CAM,开发了相应的模块库、资源库,独特的热力系统流体网络算法、电气网络算法、控制逻辑算法,以及系统管理工具软件。该系统具有高度的开放性、完全面向对象的模式、便捷的实例化方法、强大的调试手段、文档的自动生成发布及查询等功能。该图形建模方案可以广泛地应用于电力、石油、化工等行业的仿真培训系统,目前已经成功地应用于50多个电厂的仿真培训系统。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with