一种基于傅里叶变换的改进ViBe算法

针对Vi Be算法在第1帧图像中含有运动目标时容易引入Ghost区域以及不能很好地去除阴影等问题.我们基于块的背景建模结合傅里叶变换,对Vi Be算法进行了改进.该算法对每一帧图像进行分块,在块内使用快速傅里叶变换,利用第1帧图像中每一块的直流分量建立背景模型,以后各帧与背景模型比较,检测出运动物体,最后通过扫描图像计算每一列前景像素的个数与设置的阈值进行比较,来消除阴影.实验结果表明,改进的算法可以快速的去掉Ghost区域以及很好地去除阴影.     

基于运动目标的图像识别及追踪技术应用研究

研究了在一定背景下实现对运动目标的识别和追踪,分析与说明了基于运动目标图像识别下的追踪技术系统的功能实现过程。重点论述了图像信号处理单元的实现过程和基本算法,包括图像预处理,图像分割,目标识别与追踪算法,充分考虑系统的实时性,稳定性。通过分析,该系统能完成在一定场景下对运动目标进行追踪,达到预期的效果。     

一种高鲁棒性的运动模糊图像复原算法

为解决常用的基于能量谱和倒谱零点的运动模糊图像复原方法的噪声敏感问题,提出了一种高鲁棒性和适应性的新算法。该算法使用中值互补模板法进行噪声能量的估计,在对数能量谱域内使用改进的Radon变换实现模糊角度的识别,通过旋转图像使运动模糊出现在水平方向,然后在双谱域内识别模糊长度,大大降低了噪声对识别的影响。实验结果表明:本文算法能够处理信噪比大于5 dB的噪声模糊图像,图像复原效果显著。     

基于Hough变换的印鉴差值匹配识别

提出了一种根据差值图像的线段参数进行印章识别的方法．首先完成目标图像与模板图像的精配准,然后对图像进行差值计算,用霍夫变换得到差值图像的直线段数．并用此直线段数作出判决．实验结果表明,利用该算法进行识别时正确性高,且所用时间短,效果好．所提供的方法在对6类目标60幅图像进行识别时总识别正确率高于85％．     

基于峰值信噪比评价的运动模糊方向与长度识别

对于任意运动模糊方向和长度的模糊图像复原的关键在于点扩展函数的准确性,点扩展函数的精度由模糊方向和长度决定．本文首先基于Hough变换在模糊图像频谱上对运动方向和长度进行初次识别,然后在以初次识别结果为中心的一个较小邻域内基于维纳滤波进行复原,得到一系列随模糊长度和方向变化的复原图像,以复原图像和模糊图像的峰值信噪比为评价指标,取最大信噪比值的图像为最佳复原图像,其对应长度和方向为最终识别值．仿真实验表明,本文识别结果精度非常高,复原效果较为理想,算法原理较为简单实用,模糊方向绝对误差不超过1°,模糊长度绝对误差不超过1像素．     

基于视频流的林火烟雾运动目标检测方法的研究

运动目标检测是实现视频图像分类与识别的前提.烟雾是森林火灾发生早期的显著特点和视觉现象,通过对林火烟雾图像的特征分析,研究了几种常用的运动目标检测方法,即帧间差分法、背景估计法等,分析了其实现过程,对比了它们的优缺点,并寻求最佳的视频林火烟雾运动目标检测方法.实验结果表明:改进的背景估计法结合色彩判断准则的方法不仅具有更好的烟雾捕捉能力,而且抗干扰能力强,将大大减轻后续图像识别的压力.     

二值图像中目标物体轮廓的边界跟踪算法

分析了二值图像识别中常见的边界跟踪算法,在此基础上提出一种通用性强的边界跟踪算法,能够根据上一边界点的位置判断轮廓走向.在搜索下一个边界点时,只需要对候选的5个点进行判断,便可以找到下一个边界点的位置,从而减少了搜索的次数,使得边界跟踪的时间大为减少.算法对于轮廓不封闭的线段也可以一次扫描得到其轮廓信息.实验表明,算法不仅速度快,而且轮廓识别准确.对于目标物较复杂的图像,算法更能体现出其优越性.     

两种火灾烟雾识别方法的研究

接触式火灾探测器在大空间和室外场景存在局限性,结合视频监控系统和数字图像处理技术,进行探测和预警成为火灾探测领域里的新研究方向。针对不同场景下烟雾识别算法的选择问题,研究颜色统计特征和小波变换两种方法在烟雾图像识别中的应用,分析算法的具体过程及其适用性。火灾烟雾图像包含丰富的颜色、纹理等特征参数,将烟雾图像转换为二值图像,采用数字图像处理的方法对烟雾的RGB颜色特征进行统计,分析其颜色距离与人类视觉的关系,提取图像中的烟雾点特征,识别是否有火灾烟雾生成以达到预警的目的。小波变换方法利用烟雾背景图像纹理模糊即信号衰弱的特点,对目标前景进行提取。利用连续目标图像计算均值背景,通过与均值背景的对比,捕捉图像信号衰减的连通区域,获取烟雾图像。通过实验,从图像要求、烟雾对象、时间复杂度、适合场所几方面得出颜色统计特征和小波变换方法在火灾烟雾识别中的性能比较。结果对不同场景下烟雾图像识别方法的选择有指导作用。     

基于改进的区域背景实时更新的目标检测

针对静止摄像机条件下运动目标的检测问题,提出了基于改进的区域背景实时更新的目标检测算法,该方法首先对连续的三帧图像分别做帧间差分并将差分图像二值化,运用改进的线段编码的方法对二值化后的差分图像进行扩充以填补由帧间差分引起的空洞,然后用当前的二值化差分图像减去前一个二值化差分图像,差值为负的区域就是背景应该实时更新的区域,最后用传统的背景差分法就能检测出运动目标.实验结果表明,该方法不仅能在一直有运动物体的视野内获得完整的背景图像,而且背景的实时更新也能有效的减小噪声和突然进入摄像机视野的物体的干扰,有较强的鲁棒性.     

基于图像块归类的背景重构算法

为了降低图像序列运动目标检测中背景重构的时间复杂度和空间复杂度,提出一种基于子图像块归类的背景重构算法.在假设背景图像块以最大概率出现在图像序列中的前提下,选择编号频率最高的图像块作为背景图像块进行背景重构.在运动目标有较长的暂时停顿情况下,即观测长度较长时利用该算法进行实时背景重构具有明显的优点.仿真结果表明,该算法能够准确地重构背景,并有效地避免混合现象,从而实现对运动目标的完整提取,以便进一步识别或跟踪.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Jane Eyre——A Feminist In The 19th Century

In the 19th century the society was controlled by men, and women were just appendants of them, they had not any rights and freedom. But Jane was an exception, she showed some characteristics of early feminist. Jane showed her characteristics of feminism in three aspects: rebellion, equality, and independence. These characteristics were helpful to her success, and feminism is the only way out for women of that time.     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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