Lucy-Richardson与维纳滤波算法比较分析

图像复原在数字图像处理中有着非常重要的研究意义,目的在于去除图像中的噪声而不会丢失图像的细节信息,而图像模糊以及噪声同样是造成图像不清晰原因之一。实验通过对图像加入高斯噪声和运动模糊的先后次序不同,对Lucy-Richardson复原和维纳滤波复原算法进行比较,同时对加入噪声和模糊函数相同参数与顺序2种算法进行500次仿真实验。实验结果表明:当图像加入模糊函数再加入高斯噪声时,维纳滤波算法优于L-R算法,且在L-R算法迭代次数不断增加过程中,图像清晰度越来越差。当先对图像加入高斯噪声再加入模糊函数时,L-R算法复原效果比维纳滤波算法好;同时迭代次数的增加,L-R算法图像复原效果更好,PSNR更高。     

基于峰值信噪比评价的运动模糊方向与长度识别

对于任意运动模糊方向和长度的模糊图像复原的关键在于点扩展函数的准确性,点扩展函数的精度由模糊方向和长度决定．本文首先基于Hough变换在模糊图像频谱上对运动方向和长度进行初次识别,然后在以初次识别结果为中心的一个较小邻域内基于维纳滤波进行复原,得到一系列随模糊长度和方向变化的复原图像,以复原图像和模糊图像的峰值信噪比为评价指标,取最大信噪比值的图像为最佳复原图像,其对应长度和方向为最终识别值．仿真实验表明,本文识别结果精度非常高,复原效果较为理想,算法原理较为简单实用,模糊方向绝对误差不超过1°,模糊长度绝对误差不超过1像素．     

基于倒频谱的无噪声运动模糊图像快速复原算法

针对当前运动模糊图像复原算法主要集中在非实时性研究,着重考虑算法的执行质量而不考虑算法执行效率的问题,提出了基于倒频谱的无噪声图像的快速复原算法.该算法对无噪声模糊图像进行倒频谱处理,从倒频谱图中直接得到图像的模糊方向和模糊距离.对于尺寸较大的图像,在执行倒频谱算法前先使用双线性插值算法实现图像压缩,再进行倒频谱操作.通过比较各种复原算法的执行效率及效果,采用维纳滤波对图像进行复原.通过对多幅模糊图像进行仿真复原试验,在获得了良好的复原效果的同时也取得了较高的执行效率.     

基于运动模糊图像的计算机复原技术研究

运动模糊图像复原是一种计算机图像复原技术,相对较为常见,广泛应用于在智能交通系统中。正由于运动模糊图像应用越来越普遍,该文重点分析研究了不同动态模糊图像复原技术方法,采用了最小二乘法和L-R两种不同算法对图像复原处理进行研究,同时,结合交通系统常见标志作为研究例子,利用MATLAB进行仿真实验,获取两种不同算法处理图像后的效果,对两种算法的仿真实验结果进行比较研究。通过仿真实验结果表明,L-R算法在交通道路指示牌中的复原处理效果优于最小二乘法,更适合于复原处理运动模糊图像。     

有约束最小平方复原在图像复原中的应用

获取图像的过程中光学系统的像差、大气扰动、运动、散焦和系统噪音等因素会导致图像质量的下降即降质,会造成图像的模糊和变形。该文对图像复原所用的逆滤波、维纳滤波、约束最小平方复原原理进行了论述。维纳滤波复原图像需估计未退化图像和噪声功率谱,在实际中图像和噪声功率谱的比值很难估计,而信号和噪声的方差和期望容易获得,文章论述了在知道信号和噪声的方差和期望情况下实现对退化图像复原的有约束最小平方复原方法的基本原理。并通过实验仿真证明约束最小平方复原在参数选择适当的情况下复原效果优于维纳滤波。     

基于Radon变换和Gabor变换鉴别运动模糊方向角

对于匀速直线运动的模糊图像,准确鉴别运动方向角是图像复原的关键。分析了运动模糊图像的频谱特征,介绍了Radon变换的数学原理及用其估计运动模糊方向角的思路、步骤和数值实验结果。由于实际拍摄的模糊图像在很多时候频谱特征不够明显,导致用Radon变换鉴别角度出现大的误差,为此,提出了基于Gabor变换的一种改进算法。算法运用"窗口"聚焦频谱图像中心,较好地消除了噪声干扰并克服了Radon变换的弊端,数值实验结果验证了该算法的有效性。     

运动模糊图像复原技术研究

运动模糊图像复原的关键是运动模糊参数的估计,根据模具保护设备中运动模糊图像的特点,利用Roberts边缘检测算子,提出一种图像清晰度评价函数,从而估计出模糊图像运动方向和尺度。再利用维纳滤波恢复退化图像,然后利用中值滤波去除图像噪声,从而完成对运动模糊图像的复原工作。     

结合卷积与转置卷积特征的模糊车牌复原方法

深度学习算法在图像去噪领域已经得到了很好的效果;但目前对于深度学习算法在模糊图像复原领域的研究没有更深入的研究。直接应用图像去噪的方法对模糊车牌进行复原实际上可行的,但会产生复原图像细节缺失,时间代价高的缺点。针对这些问题,吸取去噪方法的优点,提出将原始图像信息与转置卷积复原后的图像信息相结合的方法,重新构建了图像复原网络结构;并根据图像特点自定了损失函数。实验通过与已有的方法进行对比说明,提出的复原方法在复原车牌图像质量上和复原效率上都有很好的表现;同时对模糊运动角度与不同噪声具有健壮性;而模糊运动像素越大的图片,复原图像的质量也会下降。     

维纳滤波图像复原技术的研究与改进

图像复原是图像处理中的一个重要问题。对于改善图像质量具有重要的意义。已在实际应用中被证明是有效的重要的图像复原技术有很多,而维纳滤波法提供了一种在有噪声情况下导出反卷积传递函数的最优方法,它是频率域最常用的一种恢复方法。详细研究讨论了对维纳滤波算法的变通与改进,并针对维纳滤波方法恢复运动模糊加噪图像时出现的边界模糊或振铃效应提出了一种改进算法,很好地复原出了图像的重要信息,并具有令人满意的视觉效果。     

基于l_1正则化的匀速运动模糊图像复原

匀速运动模糊作为运动模糊中最基本的模式,在图像复原中一直都倍受关注,其研究成果被广泛应用于其他图像复原以及图像处理中.将图像稀疏表示的思想引入匀速运动模糊图像复原中,提出一种基于l1正则化的复原算法,并利用基追踪算法有效地求解l1正则化的线性规划问题.由于l1在异常值下表现稳健,使得算法对较宽模糊范围下的匀速运动模糊图像都有稳定良好的恢复效果.为了验证算法效果,对该算法与现有算法进行了大量的对比实验,实测结果表明,该算法能准确恢复图像,且有效抑制振铃效应.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with