甲醇浸提法提取荠菜黄酮工艺优化

以荠菜为原料,研究了甲醇浓度、浸提温度、浸提时间、料液配比等单因素对荠菜中黄酮类化合物浸提效果的影响。在单因素试验的基础上,通过二次回归正交旋转试验得到了最佳提取工艺：甲醇体积分数为0.125,浸提时间为2.9 h,料液质量比为1∶32.7。在最佳浸提条件下得到荠菜黄酮类物质提取量为每克干样中芦丁当量29.33 mg。     

超声波提取芦笋皮中黄酮类化合物及其抗氧化活性的研究

应用超声波技术,以芦笋皮为原料提取黄酮类化合物,探讨超声波的提取时间、超声波功率、乙醇浓度、温度及料液比等因素对其总黄酮提取效果的影响.通过单因素试验与正交试验分析得出最佳提取工艺条件:超声波强度为100%、提取时间为75min、乙醇浓度80%、温度为75℃、料液比为1∶100.该工艺条件下提取黄酮类化合物提取含量为10.23mg/g.芦笋皮中黄酮类化合物对氧自由基和羟自由基均有较强的抑制和清除能力,其抗氧化活性随着样品浓度的增大而增强,且抗氧化活性强于芦丁和抗坏血酸.     

金银木叶中黄酮类化合物的定性分析

研究了浸提温度、时间、乙醇浓度、料液比等因素对金银木叶中黄酮类化合物提取效果的影响,确定了最佳单因素水平。正交实验确定了以乙醇为浸提剂的最佳提取工艺条件为:体积分数为0.60的乙醇,料液比1∶30,70℃,浸提4h。金银木叶中富含黄酮类化合物,颜色反应试验和紫外光谱分析初步表明,其主要成分为黄酮类和黄酮醇类。     

罗汉果花野菊花菠萝汁复合饮料的研制

以罗汉果花、野菊花、菠萝为主要原料,研制出一种新型的果花茶复合饮料.通过对混合花浸提条件进行分析确定当罗汉果花与野菊花配比为3∶4,液料比70∶1,80℃下浸提20 min时所得混合花汁感官分值最高;利用所得混合花汁和菠萝汁,通过单因素试验分析和响应面设计确定了果花茶饮料的最佳配方为果花汁(V(混合花浸提液)∶V(菠萝汁)为6∶1)31%,糖添加量12%,柠檬酸添加量0.20%,CMC-Na添加量0.08%,其余为水.所得饮料呈金黄色,不分层,气味清香,酸甜适口,风味独特.     

红枣菊花复合饮料的研制

以红枣和菊花为原料,采用正交试验及感官评价确定了红枣菊花复合饮料的最佳提取工艺及配方。枣汁的最佳浸提条件为:提取温度80℃,料液比1:8,浸提时间4h。复合饮料最佳配方为:红枣提取液35%、菊花提取液25%、白砂糖6%、柠檬酸0.15%,澄清剂海藻酸钠0.12%、CMC-Na 13%。     

二色补血草茎总黄酮类化合物最佳提取工艺研究

用L16(44)正交试验探讨从二色补血草茎中提取黄酮类化合物,结果表明:二色补血草茎总黄酮类化合物的最佳提取工艺是以料液比为1g∶20mL,体积分数60%的乙醇为浸提剂,在温度为70℃,浸提时间6.0h.     

二色补血草花总黄酮化合物提取工艺研究

用L16(44)正交试验探讨从二色补血草花中提取黄酮类化合物,结果表明二色补血草花总黄酮类化合物的最佳提取工艺是以料液比为1g∶25mL,体积分数60%的乙醇为浸提剂,温度为50℃,浸提时间3.0h。     

融冻微波破壁法提取枣核中黄酮类化合物及纯化研究

本文将融冻微波破壁法和微波破壁法相结合技术用于枣核总黄酮类化合物的提取。详细研究了融冻微波破壁法和微波破壁法提取枣核中总黄酮类化合物最佳工艺,并对黄酮类化合物的纯化条件作以研究。结果表明:融冻微波破壁法是提取枣核黄酮类化合物的优选方法,游离黄酮类化合物最佳提取工艺为:以料液比为1g:20m l,体积分数40%的乙醇为浸提剂,在低火、微波提取2m in。具酚羟基和游离花色素类化合物的最佳提取工艺为:以料液比为1g:20m l,在中火、微波提取3m in。     

超声法提取灵芝菌糠中总黄酮的工艺研究

以灵芝菌糠为原料,利用超声辅助提取技术对灵芝菌糠中黄酮类化合物的的提取条件进行优化。以黄酮类化合物的提取率作为指标,通过单因素和L_9(3~4)正交试验探讨乙醇浓度、超声温度、超声时间及料液比这四个因素对灵芝菌糠中黄酮类化合物提取率的影响。结果表明:影响黄酮得率因素的影响力大小为乙醇浓度超声温度料液比超声时间,确定最佳提取条件为乙醇体积分数为70%,提取温度为60℃,超声时间为55 min,料液比为1∶40;提取率为2.972%。超声辅助提取技术对灵芝菌糠中总黄酮的提取和开发利用具有指导意义和现实意义。     

香蕉多酚提取工艺的优化研究

利用香蕉加工场生产加工的废料香蕉皮提取天然产物香蕉多酚,并对影响香蕉多酚提取率的因素,如提取温度、提取时间、料液比、乙醇浓度、浸提次数、烘干温度等条件进行研究,确定了香蕉皮的最佳烘干温度为50℃;最佳提取条件为:95%的乙醇为提取剂,料液比为1∶8,浸提温度为40℃,浸提2次,一次浸提最佳时间为3 h,二次浸提最佳时间为0.5 h.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.