溶胶-凝胶法制备有机/无机杂化材料及其在光固化涂料中的应用

以正硅酸乙酯、3-缩水甘油醚氧基丙基三甲氧基硅烷为原料,氨水为催化剂,用溶胶-凝胶法制备了纳米级有机/无机杂化材料。考察了催化剂用量对该纳米杂化材料粒径大小的影响,结果表明,随着催化剂用量的增加,粒径越来越大。将不同量的有机/无机杂化材料加入光固化涂料中制备了杂化涂料,研究了固化膜的形态、力学性能及漆膜的性能。结果表明:杂化材料可以改善UV固化膜的硬度、附着力和抗冲性能。     

聚酯/SiO2/有机硅复合涂料的合成与性能

以正硅酸乙酯和有机硅氧烷为原料,采用溶胶-凝胶法合成透明的SiO2/有机硅树脂,然后与聚酯进行缩合反应,在聚碳酸酯(PC)表面上制备硬质的聚酯/SiO2/有机硅复合薄膜.探讨聚酯和SiO2/有机硅树脂配比对复合涂料性能的影响,并采用红外光谱、热重分析、原子力显微镜、扫描电镜、紫外光谱和X射线衍射等方法对复合材料进行表征...     

金属银负载型SiO_2杂化膜的制备与性能表征

采用溶胶-凝胶法,制备银掺杂的SiO2杂化溶胶和SiO2杂化膜,考察银的掺杂对杂化溶胶的性能和对杂化膜物理化学结构及水汽稳定性的影响.结果表明:随着银含量的增加,溶胶的黏度、粒径增大,凝胶时间缩短;银在杂化膜中以纳米金属银的形式存在,金属银的掺杂对杂化材料的化学结构基本无影响,但使杂化膜的平均颗粒粒径、孔径和总孔体积略微增加;在水汽环境中陈化后,载银SiO2杂化膜的H2渗透速率略有下降,而H2/CO2分离因子小幅升高;金属银的掺杂增强了SiO2膜的水汽稳定性,实现了杂化膜中H2渗透速率和H2/CO2分离因子的同时增大.     

纳米SiO2对硅酸三钙基骨水泥性能的影响

研究纳米SiO2对硅酸三钙(Ca3 SiO5,简称C3S)基骨水泥性能的影响.结果表明:纳米SiO2的掺入,可以加快C3S的水化进程,但延缓了浆体的凝结.纳米SiO2与Ca(OH)2反应生成较低n(Ca)/n(Si)的CSH凝胶,降低了固化体中Ca(OH)2的含量.纳米SiO2与Ca (OH)2反应生成的CSH凝胶呈网络交织状结构,既可对固化体起到密实填充作用,又可增强固化体的胶凝性能,从而提高固化体的力学性能.固化体中Ca(OH)2的含量随纳米SiO2掺入量增加而降低;当SiO2掺入量达到6%时,固化体中CSH凝胶的平均n(Ca)/n(Si)开始降低.     

环氧/聚有机硅倍半氧烷杂化材料的制备及性能

为改进目前环氧LED封装材料柔性差、有机硅改性环氧树脂需要高温固化等缺点,采用紫外(UV)固化技术,将环氧树脂与含环氧基团聚有机硅倍半氧烷交联杂化,制备了环氧/聚有机硅倍半氧烷杂化膜材料,并通过13 C-NMR、29 Si-NMR、SEM、FTIR、TGA和UV-vis等研究了UV固化对环氧/聚有机硅倍半氧烷杂化膜材料的结构及性能的影响。结果表明,聚有机硅倍半氧烷与环氧树脂在紫外固化过程中,快速原位杂化形成环氧/聚有机硅倍半氧烷杂化膜材料,没有相分离,获得的环氧/聚有机硅倍半氧烷杂化膜材料具有透过率高、耐高温、耐紫外、附着力好等特点,可用于LED封装材料、电子封装材料等光电领域。     

聚酰亚胺/二氧化硅杂化膜和复合膜的制备与结构研究

采用溶胶-凝胶法和二氧化硅粒子掺杂共混法分别制备了聚酰亚胺/SiO2杂化膜和纳米复合膜.采用红外分光光度计(FTIR)、热重分析仪(TGA)和透射电镜(TEM)表征了所制备膜的结构微观形态和热性能并进行分析对比,结果表明在杂化膜中SiO2在聚酰亚胺基体中可以形成分子级分散,复合膜表现出较强的吸湿性使其热分解温度较低.研究认为,采用溶胶-凝胶法制备聚酰亚胺/SiO2介电材料更为合理.     

含Si环氧丙烯酸酯/纳米SiO_2涂层制备及性能研究

为了制备耐热、阻燃性能优异的新型含Si环氧丙烯酸酯（EA）纳米涂层,以KH-570改性纳米SiO2和有机硅改性EA作紫外光（UV）固化组分,并在配方中加入纳米Mg（OH）2,制备了系列UV固化新型含Si EA纳米涂层。通过红外光谱仪、紫外可见光谱仪、热重分析仪等研究紫外光固化体系涂膜耐热、阻燃及光学性能。结果表明：在有机硅改性EA中添加KH-570改性纳米SiO2,可以提高纳米涂层热稳定性、阻燃性,同时使其保持优良透明性;当改性纳米SiO2含量达5%时,涂膜耐热、阻燃性能均最佳;同时在体系中加入Mg（OH）2,可进一步改善体系的阻燃效果。     

不同制备方法对紫外光固化纳米复合涂层性能的影响

采用溶胶凝胶法制备SiO2纳米颗粒和机械共混法直接将气相法SiO2纳米颗粒分散在树脂中,然后通过紫外光固化制备纳米复合涂层.采用SEM观察SiO2在涂料的分散状态,并对涂层的光学性能和机械性能进行了测试表征.结果表明,采用溶胶凝胶法制备的SiO2在涂层中分散较好,制备的涂层透光性、雾度等光学性能较好;采用机械共混法分散气相SiO2制备的涂层SiO2团聚较多,透光性差,但由于气相法SiO2具有较大的比表面积,与树脂的结合性能较好,故其硬度、耐刮擦、耐冲击等力学性能较好.     

杂化硅溶胶/有机硅低聚物复合透明超疏水涂层的制备及性能

以气相纳米二氧化硅、正硅酸乙酯(TEOS)和六甲基二硅氮烷(HMDS)为原料,采用溶胶-凝胶法制备杂化硅溶胶,将 γ-(2,3-环氧丙氧)丙基三甲氧基硅烷(KH560)和烷基硅氧烷制备的有机硅低聚物与杂化硅溶胶复合得到透明超疏水涂层,研究了气相纳米二氧化硅 、HMDS和KH560用量以及烷基硅氧烷种类对复合涂层性能的影...     

UV固化水性聚氨酯丙烯酸酯涂料改性的研究进展

概述紫外光的固化原理与水性聚氨酯丙烯酸酯涂料的性能,综述UV固化水性聚氨酯丙烯酸酯涂料氟、有机硅、环氧树脂及超支化等改性的最新研究进展,展望应用前景与发展趋势。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.