《新型微胶囊香精的制备技术研究》项目通过市科委专家组验收

2008年1月28日,由市科委组织召开上海市科委国际合作项目《新型微胶囊香精的制备技术研究》验收会,验收专家组听取了项目负责人肖作兵教授代表项目组作的项目研究报告。项目研究以壳聚糖、三聚磷酸钠为载体,分别以玫瑰、薄荷和甜橙香精为主要原料,通过离子凝聚法制备出高品质的新型微胶囊香精产品,平均粒径<100 nm。以氰基丙烯酸正丁酯为壁材,玫瑰香精为主要原料,通过乳液聚合法制备出新型微胶囊玫瑰香精,平均粒径<100 nm。并分别对产品的稳定性、缓释性、包埋率进行了表征研究,各项指标均符合国家标准。验收专家组认真审阅有关验收材料后,一致同意通过验收。《新型微胶囊香精的制备技术研究》项目通过市科委专家组验收     

高聚物流变学及其在缓释香精中的应用进展

综述流变学的发展历史和研究现状，从理论模拟和实验流变学的角度分别阐述高聚物流变学的研究方法，概述加工流变学对高聚物加工成型的重要指导作用。重点介绍了香精的微胶囊化以及流变分析对其的具体应用和研究进展，进一步展望了流变学在缓释香精生产和加工方面的研究。     

香精/β-环糊精微胶囊的制备与性能研究

以β-环糊精作为壁材,以失水山梨醇单油酸酯(Span-80)等表面活性剂为乳化剂,用分子包埋法制备了香精/β-环糊精微胶囊,并用热重分析法研究了香精/β-环糊精微胶囊的稳定性和缓释性能,试验结果表明:香精/β-环糊精微胶囊具有良好的稳定性和缓释性能,而且乳化剂不同对香精微胶囊的稳定性有影响,稳定性和缓释性能最好的香精微胶囊是以失水山梨醇单油酸酯(Span-80)为乳化剂制得的香精微胶囊,从而确定了最佳制备工艺,为解决日用化学品中液体香精不稳定,缓释性能差等问题提供了理论根据。     

柠檬香精微胶囊的制备及其在香味纸品中的应用

香精微胶囊化是指利用高分子材料对香精进行包裹,起到保护和控制释放的作用.以柠檬香精为芯材,吐温-20为乳化剂,壳聚糖和明胶为壁材,研究了采用复凝聚法制备微胶囊的技术.结果表明:在香精乳化时,香精与乳化剂质量比为4:1,乳化时间为30 min,乳化速率为1000 r/min,得到粒径为28μm左右的香精微球;在壁材聚合阶段,芯壁比为1:1,明胶与壳聚糖质量比为2:1,可以得到粒径为55μm左右的微胶囊,满足香型纸制备的工艺要求.将微胶囊加入到纸浆中制成纸张,微胶囊缓释效果良好,纸张香味持久达半年以上.     

香精微胶囊的制备及其性能研究

以香精为芯料,以明胶-阿拉伯胶为囊材,通过复凝聚法制备出一系列不同工艺条件下的微胶囊,分别测得微胶囊的内径、外径和膜厚,从而揭示出微胶囊制囊工艺对微胶囊性能的影响规律。     

β-环糊精玫瑰香精微胶囊的制备

用β 环糊精作为壁材,探讨了玫瑰香精环糊精微胶囊的制备工艺。采用正交试验获得了微胶囊的最佳包结条件,皮芯比为10∶3,包结温度为50℃,w(β CD)为15%,pH值为7。利用SDT 2960热分析仪对样品进行热重分析,测试包埋率,通过对比玫瑰香精、β 环糊精、微胶囊样品的红外光谱图,表征包结情况。     

微胶囊沥青混合料自愈性能

为揭示微胶囊沥青混合料自愈性能的影响因素,为微胶囊沥青混合料设计与性能提升提供依据,采用原位聚合法合成了以三聚氰胺-尿素-甲醛树脂(MUF)为囊壁、低品质植物油为囊芯的微胶囊,制备微胶囊沥青混合料并评价其自愈性能。针对不同沥青类型、不同微胶囊掺量、不同愈合温度、不同愈合环境以及不同愈合时间的微胶囊沥青混合料,基于三点弯曲的断裂-愈合-断裂试验,以愈合前后的断裂强度恢复率(HS)作为评价指标,研究了微胶囊沥青混合料的自愈合效果,揭示了微胶囊掺量、服役条件(愈合温度、愈合时间、水分和氯盐侵蚀)、材料属性(沥青种类)对其自愈性能的影响规律。结果表明：微胶囊基质沥青混合料的自愈合能力优于微胶囊SBS改性沥青混合料,随着愈合时间的延长、愈合温度的升高和微胶囊掺量的增加,微胶囊沥青混合料的愈合效果均越来越好;对于普通沥青混合料,浸水和盐溶液均会降低其自愈性能,并且SBS改性沥青混合料的耐盐性较高。微胶囊基质沥青混合料的HS随氯盐浓度的增加先降低后增加,SBS改性沥青混合料的HS则一直增加,这是由高浓度氯盐环境加速微胶囊破裂所致。该研究在揭示浸水及氯盐环境下微胶囊沥青混合料自愈合性能影响规律的同时,...     

芥末精油微胶囊结合咪鲜胺处理对荔枝贮藏品质的影响

采用芥末精油微胶囊结合咪鲜胺处理新鲜采摘的无核荔枝,以好果率、褐变指数、果皮色泽、可溶性固形物含量以及相对电导率为评价指标,研究其对无核荔枝贮藏品质的影响,探索室温条件下芥末精油微胶囊结合咪鲜胺处理对荔枝的保鲜效果。结果表明,芥末精油微胶囊能改善荔枝的贮藏品质,但是效果不如咪鲜胺;使用芥末精油微胶囊结合咪鲜胺处理荔枝时,随着咪鲜胺浓度提高,保鲜效果逐渐提高,芥末精油微胶囊结合0.8倍或者0.9倍浓度的咪鲜胺保鲜效果最佳,与咪鲜胺处理组无显著差别。     

热反应肉味香精热稳定性研究

通过对6种猪肉香精的成分及其应用的分析,研究了热反应肉味香精的总氮、总碳、氨基态氮、脂肪含量等对其在食品热加工过程中的香气域值、持香性、色香味等感官性状的影响.结果表明热反应肉味香精的热稳定性与其成分密切相关,热反应肉味香精的总氮含量、氨基氮含量、脂肪含量应作为评价热反应肉味香精品质的重要指标.     

界面聚合法制备缓释微香囊

选用聚乙烯醇为皮材、玫瑰香精为芯材、戊二醛为交联剂,采用界面聚合法制备醇醛树脂微香囊,研究了反应温度,皮芯材比例,乳化剂用量,交联剂用量等对合成的微胶囊形状、缓释性的影响;并通过粒径分布测试、傅里叶红外以及紫外分析了产品的粒径大小及结构.结果表明:在温度40℃,乳化剂0.15 g,皮材和芯材比为2:3,盐酸1 mL,戊二醛2 mL的情况下反应3 h,可以得到中值粒径为47.7716μm的微胶囊颗粒.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.