含侧氨基甲酸苄基酯基团的聚氨酯的合成及性能研究

在异辛酸亚锡的催化下,ε-己内酯与官能团化ε-己内酯单体4-氨基甲酸苄基酯-ε-己内酯(CABCL)开环共聚合成了几组含有侧氨基甲酸苄基酯基的ε-己内酯/4-氨基甲酸苄基酯-ε-己内酯共聚物poly(CL-co-CABCL),并与异氟尔酮二异氰酸酯(IPDI)和1,4-丁二醇(1,4-BDO)反应合成一系列官能团化的聚氨酯。分别通过核磁共振(1 H-NMR)和凝胶渗透色谱(GPC)对聚合物的结构进行了表征,研究了它们的数均分子量大小及其分布。使用X-衍射仪(XRD)、接触角测定仪和万能材料试验机来测定聚氨酯材料的结晶性以及力学性能。实验结果表明:氨基甲酸苄基酯侧基基团的引入有效地调节了聚氨酯的结晶性,改善了聚氨酯的韧性。     

聚己内酯/介孔二氧化硅杂化材料的制备及表征

利用环氧丙醇对介孔二氧化硅SBA-15的表面进行碳羟基修饰,然后以此为引发剂,异辛酸亚锡为催化剂,分别引发己内酯（CL）及氨基甲酸苄基酯-ε-己内酯(（CABCL）单体的开环聚合,成功地制备了杂化材料聚己内酯/SBA-15（PCL/SBA-15）和聚4-氨基甲酸苄基酯己内酯/SBA-15（PCABCL/SBA-15）,酸解去除PCABCL/SBA-15的保护基团甲酸苄酯（Cbz）后得到聚氨基己内酯/SBA-15（PACL/SBA 15）。通过X射线衍射仪（XRD）、N₂吸附-脱附实验和热重分析（TGA）等手段研究了材料的结构变化、反应时间和空间位阻效应对接枝量的影响等。结果表明:聚合物的修饰未对介孔结构产生影响;PCL的接枝量可以通过聚合反应时间进行控制;对PACL/SBA-15而言,因CABCL中Cbz的位阻效应导致接枝量较小;Zeta电位分析的结果证明聚氨基己内酯的修饰改变了二氧化硅表面的电荷性质。     

乙交酯/ε-己内酯共聚物的合成和表征

以乙交酯和ε-己内酯为单体,辛酸亚锡为引发剂,通过本体开环聚合反应成功地合成了聚乙交酯/ε-己内酯共聚物;采用DSC、TG、1H/13C-NMR、XRD等技术对共聚物的结构性能进行了表征.结果表明,制备的共聚物的热性能、结晶性、两亲性等可以通过调节乙交酯和ε-己内酯单体的配比,来控制共聚物的组成,从而达到改善共聚物的加工性及控制生物降解性的目的.     

有机氨钙催化合成乙交酯ε-己内酯AB型嵌段共聚物

以有机配体氨钙为催化剂，采用分段加入聚合单体的方法，先合成具有活性的PCL，然后用PCL作为大分子引发剂，引发了乙交酯和ε-己内酯的开环聚合，形成了一系列乙交酯和ε-己内酯的AB型嵌段共聚物．用核磁、GPC、DSC及黏度法对嵌段共聚物进行了表征，确定了嵌段共聚物的结构．研究了嵌段共聚物的热力学性能和结晶性．     

功能化聚三亚甲基碳酸酯及其共聚物的合成与表征

以丝氨醇为原料,首先对丝氨醇的氨基进行保护然后与氯甲酸乙酯反应合成2-苄氧酰胺基三亚甲基碳酸酯(CAB)环状单体,研究了二乙基锌(ZnEt2)和辛酸亚锡(Sn(Oct)2)2种催化剂对CAB聚合的催化活性,然后选用Sn(Oct)2为催化剂催化CAB与丙交酯(LA)和聚乙二醇单甲醚-5000(mPEG)、己内酯、三亚甲基碳酸酯(TMC)的共聚合成了一系列具有潜在氨功能侧链基团的可生物降解共聚物如聚酯-聚碳酸酯的二元共聚物及聚酯-聚碳酸酯-聚醚三元共聚物等.     

(乙交酯-ε-己内酯)共聚酯为软段嵌段聚酯氨酯的合成、表征以及生物降解性

以辛酸亚锡为催化剂,1,4-丁二醇为引发剂,通过开环聚合,合成了双端为羟基,不同分子量、不同配比的(乙交酯-ε-己内酯)共聚酯。用红外、核磁、端基滴定、DSC等手段,对其组成、端基结构、分子量及热分析性能进行了测定,并进一步合成了以共聚酯为软段,4,4’-二苯甲烷二异氰酸酯-1,4-丁二醇链节为硬段的嵌段聚酯氨酯,进行了物性测定与体外降解试验,着重讨论了软段组成与分子量对嵌段聚氨酯性能的影响。     

碳酸乙烯酯衍生物的合成、结构表征及其对聚氨酯热熔胶性能的影响

环状碳酸乙烯酯(EC)分别与乙二胺、己二胺开环反应合成1,2-乙二氨基甲酸羟乙酯(EDHU)与1,6-己二氨基甲酸羟乙酯(HDHU),用FT-IR、1 H-NMR、13C-NMR等手段对其结构进行表征并作为扩链剂与二异氰酸酯(MDI)、聚酯多元醇反应制备聚氨酯热熔胶,对热熔胶的黏结性能、结晶性能、微相分离程度、表面张力及流变性能进行研究,结果表明:EDHU与HDHU作为扩链剂合成的聚氨酯热熔胶的微相分离程度分别为91.2%和83.9%,与传统的1,4-丁二醇(BDO)扩链剂合成的热熔胶相比,EDHU合成的热熔胶黏结强度提高了20%。     

具有内皮祖细胞捕获功能的聚氨酯的合成与研究

以聚碳酸酯二元醇(PCDL)为软段,1,6-六亚甲基二异氰酸酯(HDI)为硬段,二羟甲基丙酸(bis-MPA)为扩链剂合成了一种侧链含有羧基官能团的聚碳酸酯型聚氨酯材料。将氨基封端的四代树枝状聚酯大分子共价接枝到聚氨酯的侧链上,脱除树枝状分子表面缩酮保护基后得到了一种新型的侧链树枝化多羟基聚氨酯材料。此聚合物能有效黏附CD133抗体,黏附了抗体的材料可大大提高CD133内皮祖细胞的黏附。这一结果为通过加速血液接触材料表面内皮化来提高其血液相容性提供了可能。     

聚ε-己内酯二醇预聚物的合成与表征

为提高生物可降解聚ε-己内酯/聚乙二醇聚氨酯的预聚物的性能,以辛酸亚锡为催化剂、乙二醇或聚乙二醇为引发剂,引发ε-己内酯开环聚合制备双端羟基聚ε-己内酯和聚ε-己内酯-聚乙二醇-聚ε-己内酯三嵌段共聚物,用作制备聚ε-己内酯/聚乙二醇聚氨酯的预聚物.采用FT-IR1、HNMR、DSC、GPC、XRD等对聚合产物的结构和性能进行分析表征确认.结果表明:通过改变单体与引发剂的比例可控制聚合物的相对分子质量;聚ε-己内酯均聚物随着其相对分子质量的增大,熔点小幅升高,结晶度从58%逐渐提高到72%;共聚物中,随着聚乙二醇相对分子质量的增加,熔点升高到69.3℃.通过引入聚乙二醇,预聚物呈现相分离结构,结晶度变高.     

超支化聚己内酯的制备与表征

在Novozyme 435固定化脂肪酶催化下,甲基丙烯酸羟乙酯(HEMA)引发己内酯(ε-CL)开环聚合反应,得到分别以双键和羟基封端的直链聚己内酯(PCL)产物;利用α-溴代异丁酰溴与开环聚合产物的端羟基发生酯化反应,得到大分子型AB*单体;再以CuCl/bpy(联吡啶)为催化体系,令大分子型AB*单体通过自缩合乙烯基聚合反应(利用原子转移自由基聚合反应形式),成功合成了超支化聚己内酯目标产物。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Jane Eyre——A Feminist In The 19th Century

In the 19th century the society was controlled by men, and women were just appendants of them, they had not any rights and freedom. But Jane was an exception, she showed some characteristics of early feminist. Jane showed her characteristics of feminism in three aspects: rebellion, equality, and independence. These characteristics were helpful to her success, and feminism is the only way out for women of that time.     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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