压电薄膜微致动器的制作和有限元分析

为实现高密度硬盘驱动器磁头的精确定位,设计和制作了一种与不锈钢基体粘结的压电薄膜微致动器。该致动器中的锆钛酸铅多层膜元件采用溶胶凝胶技术制作而成。对该致动器进行了实验测试和有限元分析。结果表明:当采用双层膜结构时,压电微致动器的位移/驱动电压灵敏度和谐振频率分别达到了1.396μm/±20V和15.13kHz;有限元仿真结果与实测结果基本吻合。     

压电智能板致动器动力控制特性的有限元模拟

利用有限元法对高精度磁头定位控制系统中拟采用的压电双晶片智能板型致动器的动力控制特性给予了定量模拟。将压电双晶片分别粘贴于基底钢板上下表面形成层合板，对其在恒定的平行电场作用下的机电耦和致动特性进行了分析，基于压电本构方程、经典层合板理论和Hamilton原理，推导出具有压电传感器及致动器的层合板机—电耦合动力方程。通过应用负速度反馈控制算法，对板的变形与振动控制的特性进行了数值分析，建立了相应的定量分析模型和计算程序，结果表明：本文的控制系统是有效的。     

智能机械结构的拉伸-弯曲模型

利用虚功原理,建立了一种智能机械结构单面粘贴有压电致动器的梁结构的拉伸弯曲耦合模型,在分析过程中,考虑了梁与致动器之间粘贴层的影响·通过分析可得,粘贴层剪切应力的分布与致动器端部附近的应变分布有相似的特征·随着粘贴层的剪切模量的增加或其厚度的减小,则剪切力在靠近压电致动器端部区域迅速增大·     

高密度硬磁盘用小型压电致动器

利用宽度弯曲振动模式,制成了平面分割电极型片状压电致动器,分析,测试了致动器的位移－驱动电压特性和谐振频率,典型结果是１２Ｖ驱动电压下可获得０．４６μｍ的位移量,谐振频率为１０．７ｋＨｚ,满足该指标的致动器可用于制作高密度硬磁盘磁头定位两级伺服系统的第２级精定位致动器。     

一种新型压电舵机的设计

设计了一种由两组独立的压电角位移执行机构组成的基于压电致动器的新型电动舵机.压电致动器产生的位移经过杠杆机构放大以后转换为舵偏角的输出.推导了压电舵机的数学模型,在此基础上讨论了影响压电舵机性能的因素,并通过实验加以论证.研究结果表明所设计的压电舵机具有结构紧凑、体积小、质量功率比高、价格低、响应速度快等优点,适用于小型旋转制导弹药.     

压电致动器系统迟滞特性分析及影响

为了适应微动隔振平台自适应控制的要求,提高系统响应速度,对隔振平台系统的执行元件——压电致动系统进行了迟滞特性分析。为避免系统各部分间迟滞量混淆,将压电致动系统分为驱动电源和致动器两部分,首先根据Maison等效电路分析了驱动电压的迟滞量,然后综合考虑压电堆和机械结构的动态特性。在对压电致动器整体动态建模的基础上得出了系统输出位移-电压的迟滞量表达式,由表达式分析了影响迟滞的六个因素及影响。为高精度压电驱动系统的设计、控制系统的优化提供了依据。     

纳米致动器研究现状与工程应用的进展

纳米致动器是能够以0.1～100 nm 的步距驱动或移动被控对象的各种装置或器件.根据特征尺寸分为毫米尺度以上的宏机械纳米致动器、制作在芯片上的微米尺度纳米致动器及分子尺度的纳机械致动器,它们的共同特征是可以实现纳米级精度的机械驱动和定位.该文综述了纳米致动器国内外研究状况和主要研究成果,特别对近几年出现的典型的微机械纳米致动器的驱动机理进行了分析,讨论了纳米致动器在工程实际中的应用,指出了其发展的关键技术、存在问题及未来发展前景和趋势.     

带粘结层智能结构压电作动器的修正点力模型

在有压电应变作动器的具有振动主动控制功能的智能杆梁结构中,考虑了粘结层的影响,并且假设应变沿各层的厚度方向为线性分布.对Crawley-Luis与Euler-Bernoulli所建立的压电作动器点力模型进行了修正,提出了一种更具一般性的诱导应变作动器的点力模型,分别导出了双面对称粘贴和单面粘贴压电作动器时的修正点力模型的计算公式.并进行了计算机仿真研究,表明了修正模型的合理性.修正点力模型更具一般性,这对设计压电智能结构具有指导意义.     

智能结构的若干问题与进展

阐述了智能结构的基本概念及研究意义,介绍了国内外在智能结构方面的研究现状,重点讨论了以压电材料为基础的压电智能结构的组成,压电致动器及压电传感器的布置方式,压电智能结构的分析方法及压电智能结构的优化等问题,最后对智能结构目前要解决的问题和今后的研究方向作了展望。     

压电致动器Preisach模型的模糊插值算法及实现

为获得运算复杂度、速度、精度均较为理想的迟滞特性建模方法,便于微细精密运动的实时控制,提出了一种新的模糊插值算法.根据压电致动器迟滞特性曲线的几何特征,将其划分为上凸与下凹两类.利用相邻4个等分点的模糊插值模拟曲线的理想输出,分别给出该两类曲线的模糊插值方法.利用上述方法求取位移变化量,得到压电致动器Preisach模型的模糊插值算法.通过标准C语言完成了该算法并在ARM处理器三星S3C2410平台上进行了对比实验.结果表明:传统插值法误差为-0.512 ～0.073 μm、标准差为0.184;压电致动器Preisach模型的模糊插值法误差为-0.347～0.094μm、标准差为0.139,该算法适于基于嵌入式处理器的实时精密控制.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.