求解半空间中Helmholtz方程Cauchy问题的投影法

针对Helmholtz方程Cauchy问题提出一种数值计算方法. 借助于Dirichlet to Neumann映射, 将Cauchy问题转化为求解散射场初值的紧算子方程. 先讨论紧算子奇异值的渐近性质, 然后将投影法与Tikhonov正则化方法相结合, 提出一种求解相应紧算子方程的带有正则化技巧的投影法, 并通过数值实验验证了算法的有效性.     

求解方程近似解的改进双曲线型迭代算法

应用双曲线逼近法,在分析了迭代算法思想的基础上,结合过程模拟与系统仿真的实际,推导出求解方程f(x)=0近似根新型迭代算法,并给出了迭代格式和计算方法.计算结果表明,用此算法求解方程的根,收敛速度及稳定性均好于割线法,初值选取范围比牛顿法和割线法宽.此算法的提出对于方程求根的理论分析和工程应用都有十分重要的意义.     

求解结构可靠指标的线性可行方向算法

为克服当极限状态曲面方程非线性程度较高时应用一次二阶矩法求解可靠指标可能不收敛的问题,提出一种求解结构可靠指标的线性可行方向算法.该算法采用求解约束极值问题的可行方向策略,在迭代过程中综合考虑了目标函数和极限状态曲面方程的影响.算法在每步迭代中先计算极限状态曲面在前步迭代点处的切平面,然后在此切平面上选定一个点,使该点和原点的连线与极限状态曲面的交点满足可行方向和收敛的要求.数值算例表明,无论极限状态曲面方程非线性程度如何,该算法都具有较高的精度和效率.这为结构可靠指标的计算提供了新的方法.     

Signorini问题的无网格投影迭代法

Signorini问题是一类重要的数学物理问题,该问题的Signorini互补条件位于边界上,特别适合用边界型方法求解.利用投影算子,首先将Signorini边界条件转化为不动点方程,得到Signorini问题的迭代格式,然后用无网格边界点方法求解.此种算法的优点在于只须在原有的无网格边界点程序中做少量的改进,且迭代效率高,计算误差小.数值结果表明,该算法较边界元方法更有效.     

轮轨几何接触数值解法的分析与改进

给出了轮轨三维几何约束的数值求解原理,分析了迭代初值对于数值解拟真性的影响,在此基础上提出了一种迭代初值的求解方法,提高了数值解的拟逼性.以我国LM磨耗形踏面和P60钢轨以及S1002和UIC60钢轨的组合为例进行了仿真计算.     

基本解法求解Signorini问题

将基本解法与投影迭代算法相结合求解Signorini问题,引入投影迭代算子将边界不等式约束转化为不动点方程,并采用一种新的投影迭代格式.在迭代过程中,采用基本解法只需要构造一次系数矩阵,从而使得数值计算变得简单且有效.最后,算例的数值结果表明了基本解方法比边界元方法收敛速度快,耗费时间少,精度更高.     

用Padé逼近构造高阶收敛的方程求根迭代公式

本文用[1/M]Pade逼近构造方程求解迭代公式,其收敛速度为M+2阶。此族公式包括著名的牛顿选代公式和Halley迭代公式。文中还给出了有效的算法。     

一类相场方程的能量稳定性分析及数值模拟

提出一种快速、 稳定的数值方法求解具有恒定迁移率的二维Cahn-Hilliard方程. 在空间离散上采用二阶有限差分方法, 在时间离散上采用Crank-Nicolson方法, 从理论上证明离散能量随时间发展具有耗散性质. 针对全离散格式下的非线性代数方程组, 应用不动点迭代方法求解, 并利用快速离散余弦变换(FDCT)以提高计算效率. 数值实验结果表明, 离散自由能关于时间是非递增的, 该方法具有稳定性好、 存储量小、 计算速度快等优点.     

基于不完全正交的VRP-IGMRES(m)算法

为提高大型线性方程组的求解效率,在VRP-GMRES(m)算法基础上,利用截断技术,即在构造Krylov子空间的基向量和Hessenberg矩阵时采用不完全正交的Arnoldi过程,提出截断型变参数广义极小残余算法(VRP-IGMRES(m)),并利用连续2次迭代残余向量的夹角余弦与模的关系给出算法的收敛性证明.最后通过数值算例分析了截断指标对计算精度和计算效率的影响,表明VRP-IGMRES(m)算法在保证计算精度的前提下,可以有效地提高计算效率,并得到了最优截断比的取值大约为0.1,为实际工程问题的求解提供了新的方法.     

绝对值方程的一种严格可行内点算法

给出绝对值方程的一种新算法. 先把绝对值方程转化为线性互补问题, 再结合牛顿方向和中心路径方向, 通过求解一个线性方程组得到搜索方向.  获得了求解绝对值方程的一种严格可行内点算法, 并证明了该算法经过有限次迭代后收敛到原问题的一个最优解, 数值实验表明方法是有效的.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.