新型低功耗320×288 IR ROIC中列读出级的设计

介绍了320×288红外（IR）读出电路（ROIC）中列读出级的低功耗设计。采用新型的主从两级放大的列读出结构和输出总线分割技术相结合。其中主放大器完成电荷到电压的转换,从放大器完成对输出总线的驱动来满足一定的读出速度,总线分割是把320列分组来减少输出总线上的负载电容。通过spice的仿真可以发现,与传统的列读出级相比,这种新型结构的功耗由原来的47mW降到了现在的6.74mW,节省了80％以上的功耗。     

新型低功耗320×288 IR ROIC 中列读出级的设计

介绍了320×288红外(IR)读出电路(ROIC)中列读出级的低功耗设计。采用新型的主从两级放大的列读出结构和输出总线分割技术相结合。其中主放大器完成电荷到电压的转换,从放大器完成对输出总线的驱动来满足一定的读出速度,总线分割是把320列分组来减少输出总线上的负载电容。通过spice的仿真可以发现,与传统的列读出级相比,这种新型结构的功耗由原来的47mW降到了现在的6.74mW,节省了80%以上的功耗。     

非制冷热释电红外焦平面阵列读出电路的新型结构

提出一种带有列共用结构的电容跨阻放大器(CTIA)读出结构, 以实现高线性度、低功耗、低噪声和较大输出范围。该结构可以降低像素结构的复杂性, 提高电路设计的灵活度。电路采用奇偶行交替连续读出的方式。采用0.35μm DPTM工艺, 利用该结构设计一个原型芯片。电源电压为5 V, 每列CTIA结构功耗约为29.3 μW, 线性度为99.98%。该原型芯片可以被扩展为320×240阵列。     

红外探测器的读出电路设计

为减少电路功耗和噪声,基于0.35μm n-well CMOS(Complementary Metal-Oxide Semiconductor)工艺,设计了320×240焦平面探测阵列的读出电路。该电路给出了一种新型单级电容跨导放大器,采样保持电路为相关双采样电路。电容跨导放大器采用稳定的偏置电路。该电路每帧图像的输出时间为10 ms,输出图像为100帧/s。     

InAlAs/InGaAs HEMT跨阻前置放大器的设计与实现

提出了基于耗尽型InAlAs/InGaAsHEMT器件的光纤通信接收机中的单电源跨阻前置放大器电路，并给出了设计方法与实验结果，该前置放大器采用单电源供电，单端输入，双端差动输出，由两级源级跟随器，一级输出级以及一个反馈电阻组成。当前置放大器工作在2.5Gbit/s时，跨阻可达62.5dBΩ，采用＋5V电源供电，功耗为272mW。     

流水线模数转换器中高速低功耗开环余量放大器的设计

为了降低流水线模数转换器(ADC)中余量放大器的功耗并提高其速度,提出了一种新的开环余量放大器结构及其增益控制方法.该放大器采用简单差动对结构,并使用放大器的复制电路和一个差动差值放大器来控制主放大器输入对管的跨导,以稳定开环余量放大器的增益.所提出的放大器结构可以工作在低电源电压下,而且不需要共模反馈电路,与采用共源共栅结构和共模反馈的开环放大器相比,功耗更低,响应速度更快.仿真结果表明,所提开环余量放大器的功耗仅为5.5mW,在满幅度阶跃输入的情况下,输出建立时间小于3ns.将该开环余量放大器应用到采用数字校准的流水线ADC中,实现了采样率为4×107s-1的12位模数转换.     

一种高性能低功耗两级全差分运算放大器设计

分析并设计了一种高速、高增益、低功耗的两级全差分运算放大器.该运算放大器用于高速高精度模数转换器中.运算放大器第一级采用增益自举cascode结构获得较大的直流增益,采用2个新的全差分运算放大器替代传统的4个单端运算放大器作为增益自举结构.该放大器采用SMIC 0.18μm CMOS工艺设计,电源电压1.8 V,直流增益125 dB,单位增益带宽300 MHz(负载3 pF),功耗6.3 mW,输出摆幅峰峰值达2 V.     

高速CMOS运算跨导放大器

基于全差分结构介绍一种高速CMOS运算跨导放大器,该放大器由折叠共源共栅输入级和共源增益输出级构成,输出级采用极点-零点补偿技术以获取更大的带宽和足够的相位裕度。电路可用在10位20 MSps全差分流水线A/D转换器的采样/保持级或级间减法/增益级中。经过优化设计后,该放大器在0.6μmCMOS工艺中带宽为290 MHz,开环增益为85 dB,功耗为16.8 mW,满足高速A/D转换器要求的性能指标。     

一种用于高速A/D转换器的全差分、低功耗CMOS运算跨导放大器(OTA)

介绍一种全差分、低功耗CMOS运算跨导放大器（OTA）。这种放大器用于10位分辨率、30MHz采样频率的流水线式A／D转换器的采样－保持和级间减法－增益电路中。该放大器由一个折叠－级联OTA和一个共源输出增益级构成,并采用了改进的密勒补偿,以期达到最大的带宽和足够的相位裕度。经过精心设计,该放大器在0．35μmCOMS工艺中带宽为590MHz,开环增益为90dB,功耗为15mW,满足高速A／D转换器要求的所有性能指标。     

一种用于光纤传输系统的10 Gbit/s SiGe HBT限幅放大器设计

作为光接收机前端的关键部分，限幅放大器要求具有高增益、足够带宽和大动态输入范围。利用IBM公司0．5μmSiGe BiCMOS HBT工艺设计了一种用于10Gbit／s光纤传输系统的限幅放大器。整个系统包括一个输入缓冲级、3个放大单元级、一个用于驱动50Ω传输线的输出缓冲级和一个失调电压补偿回路。模拟结果表明采用3．3V单电源供电时限幅放大器的功耗为200mW，S21小信号增益大于46dB，3dB带宽为8．5GHz，对于输入信号从10mV到1．5V的变化范围内输出信号幅值都可以恒定在800mVpp。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.