基于信息融合的GPS航位推算组合导航系统设计

全球定位系统（GPS）和航位推算（DR）两种定位方式的结合,构建了基于卡尔曼滤波的算法,实现陆地GPS/DR组合定位系统的数据融合,当其中任何一个子系统出现故障时联合滤波器仍然可继续为用户提供导航服务。本文简介了GPS/DR车载组合导航。系统的设计原理及运用联合卡尔曼滤波进行数据融合的实现方法。     

车载GPS/DR组合导航系统卡尔曼滤波方法的改进

将全球定位系统(GPS)和航位推算法(DR)两种定位方式结合,实现车辆GPS/DR组合定位系统的自适应信息融合.联合卡尔曼滤波器存在数学模型不确定性和误差模型的随机性的缺点,提出改进方法是采用联邦滤波器,并引入利用模糊推理建立的模糊自适应联邦滤波器,提高了系统的精度和功能.     

车辆定位系统中的信息融合方法

采用卫星定位一航位推算系统(GPS—DR)和数字音频广播-GSM移动通信系统(DAB—GSM)的融合定位系统,研究智能交通系统中各种先进的车辆定位技术,重点探讨了GPS—DR和DAB—GSM融合定位系统的原理和使用情况,给出了主要模型和公式,并对其特点进行了比较。结果表明,这两种技术都能在一定程度上满足高精度和低成本的要求,但应用层面并不相同;DAB—GSM的研究成果将为DAB和GSM网络应用于车辆定位技术开拓新的空间。     

基于神经网络的航位推算导航

针对航位推算法中陀螺仪对方向测量存在较大噪声,进而导致航位推算误差较大的问题,提出一种基于神经网络的航位推算方法.该方法利用神经网络考察加速度测量值与方向测量值之间的时变关系,从而在不使用陀螺仪的情况下,通过该时变关系使用加速度值计算方向值,进而完成水下自主航行器(AUV)的航位推算导航.结果表明,该算法能在仅使用加速度计的情况下完成航位推算导航,因此可避免近海面由陀螺仪噪声导致的航位推算误差问题.仿真实验证明了该算法准确率较高.     

基于RFID和DR技术的室内组合定位技术

无线射频识别(radio frequency identification,RFID)技术应用于室内定位时,易受周围环境影响,出现电子标签信号强度弱、无法读取、定位精度降低甚至无法进行定位计算等情况.提出使用RFID/航位推算(dead reckoning,DR)组合定位系统对室内运动物体进行定位.利用RFID系统校正DR系统的累积误差,并在RFID信号丢失时,利用DR系统辅助RFID系统进行有效定位.实验结果证明,RFID/DR组合定位技术能有效提高室内运动物体定位效果和精度.     

基于行驶轨迹的道路线形质量评价

为提高道路线形质量,提出了利用差分GPS与航位推算(DGPS/DR)组合定位技术和计算机技术实时地获取行驶轨迹线坐标以及通过这些坐标计算道轨迹参数的研究思路,对其中的一些关键问题进行了分析,其中包括组合定位系统的数据处理、轨迹线各项参数的计算推导及轨迹线与道路设计线差异性分析。     

UKF在车辆组合定位技术中的应用

用一种新型的无迹卡尔曼滤波算法(UKF)代替传统的扩展卡尔曼滤波算法(EKF),对GPS/DR组合定位系统进行信息融合滤波。通过计算机仿真和分析后,结果表明无迹卡尔曼滤波算法UKF的滤波定位精度明显高于扩展卡尔曼滤波器EKF,而且UKF对由于系统非线性所引起的滤波误差有很好的抑制作用,因此UKF算法对于要求高精度、低成本和高可靠性的GPS/DR组合定位系统来说是一种值得推广的滤波算法,具有一定的应用价值。     

基于DSP的GPS/DR组合定位系统的设计

对于城市车辆GPS导航来说,其很大的一个缺点是跟踪卫星的信号常常由于建筑物、隧道及树木等的遮挡而使GPS的定位精度大大降低,甚至无法进行正常的定位。为此,提出了基于DSP的GPS/DR组合定位系统,详细介绍了系统的硬件设计方法、组成和软件设计思想。最后进行了采用联合卡尔曼滤波器的GPS和DR系统的组合定位的仿真实验。实验证明,采用联合卡尔曼滤波算法的GPS/DR组合定位系统的转度明显高于GPS单独定位方式。     

利用GPS和惯性传感器的融合和集成实现车辆定位

首先介绍了常用的车辆定位技术 :全球卫星定位系统 (GPS)和航位推算法 (DR) ,并分析各自的优缺点 ,然后提出用卡尔曼滤波 (KalmanFilter)技术来实现GPS和惯性传感器的融合和集成的组合定位 .最后给出了现场测试的结果 ,证明方法的有效性 .     

车载GPS/DR/电子地图组合定位导航研究

针对单一导航定位手段的精度和使用范围在车辆导航定位技术中的局限性,提出了采用GPS、DR与电子地图组合导航的方案.经过对GPS/DR/电子地图组合导航定位方法地深入研究,表明GPS/DR电子地图组合导航是一种较为理想的车辆导航方式,它克服了GPS信号受阻时定位间断或失效的缺点,又避免了航位推算定位误差随时间的积累,提高了导航定位的精度并扩展了使用范围.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.