枸杞果冻加工工艺研究

以枸杞汁、白砂糖为主要原料,研究枸杞果冻的加工工艺及最佳配方.通过正交试验确定复合凝胶剂(卡拉胶、魔芋胶)的配比、胶剂的添加量、白砂糖添加量、枸杞汁添加量、柠檬酸添加量对果冻产品品质的影响.实验结果表明:卡拉胶、魔芋胶的配比为7∶3,总胶粉添加量为0.9%,添加白砂糖15%,枸杞汁20%和0.12%柠檬酸,水浴85℃,杀菌15min,得到淡红色、口感爽滑、酸甜可口的枸杞果冻,具有浓郁的枸杞风味.     

黑玉米果冻加工工艺及主要营养成分测定

以黑玉米为原料,通过单因素试验和正交试验,对影响黑玉米果冻品质的主要因素进行了分析,以确定黑玉米果冻的最佳加工工艺及配方.结果显示:最佳配方各成分的添加量为黑玉米汁16%、蔗糖9.5%、柠檬酸0.2%、复配胶1.2%,按此配方制得的黑玉米果冻的组织状态、色泽、风味和口感都较为理想.经测定,黑玉米果冻中蛋白质的体积质量为...     

微波辅助提取金莲花黄色素的工艺研究

以提高金莲花黄色素的提取率为目的,采用单因素试验结合正交试验的方法,研究了金莲花黄色素的微波辅助提取工艺.结果表明:金莲花黄色素的微波辅助提取最优工艺是以无水乙醇为提取剂,料液比(gmL)140,微波功率600 W,温度60℃,提取时间3 min.在此工艺下,金莲花黄色素提取量为144.7mg/g,提取率为14.47%.微波辅助提取明显优于乙醇浸提法,是一种高效、节能、省时和无污染的金莲花黄色素提取工艺.     

一种白芽奇兰茶果冻的研制

κ-卡拉胶与魔芋胶复配可以形成热可逆、弹性优良的凝胶,适用于果冻的生产。以κ-卡拉胶与魔芋胶复配作为凝胶剂,添加白芽奇兰茶粉和白砂糖制成茶果冻。通过优化实验,探究κ-卡拉胶与魔芋胶复配比例、复配凝胶剂添加量、白砂糖添加量、白芽奇兰茶粉添加量对茶果冻质构和感官评价的影响。结果表明:当κ-卡拉胶和魔芋胶复配比为7∶5、复配凝胶剂添加量为0.4%（质量分数）、白芽奇兰茶粉添加量为0.11%（质量分数）、白砂糖添加量为8.0%（质量分数）时,茶果冻的配方最佳,研制的果冻具有茶汤的橙黄色,茶香怡人,滋味协调,口感爽滑,质构优良。     

五味子红色素的提取及其在果冻中的应用

以超临界CO2提取五味子木脂素的萃余物为原料,通过正交试验研究五味子红色素最优提取工艺条件;利用该五味子红色素添加桑葚汁、复合凝胶剂和白砂糖研制出风味独特、营养丰富的复合果冻.结果表明:超声波辅助法提取红色素的最优工艺条件为超声功率200 W,乙醇体积分数90%,提取时间20 min,料液比1∶30;综合考察影响果冻感官品质的组织状态、口感、风味、色泽等因素,利用模糊综合评判法确定复合果冻的最佳配方为五味子红色素粉末2.0%,复合胶凝剂2.0%,桑葚汁7.0%,白砂糖12.0%.     

基于正交分析方法的椰肉高粱果冻配制工艺优化

以高粱、椰肉、吉利丁粉、柠檬酸、细砂糖等为原料,经加水调制、搅拌加热溶解、杀菌灌装、冷却,制成的新型膳食营养椰肉高粱果冻成品。采用了以单因素实验为基础的L_9(3~4)正交试验方法,并通过食品感官评价优化,其最佳工艺配方为:以水添加的总质量计,添加9%的高粱粉,20%椰肉果粒,2%的吉利丁粉,0. 06%的柠檬酸,10%的混合糖(细砂糖与木糖醇的比例为7∶3),按照此配方进行制作,可以得到口味适度,酸甜适中,晶莹剔透,营养丰富的椰肉高粱果冻。同时,在确定不同因素添加量对果冻风味影响的过程中,还运用了极差分析法,得到了最佳的配比组合方案。除此之外,在最后探讨了新型营养果冻的研究进展,介绍了所制膳食营养果冻的相关营养功能、食品感官评价的要求以及正交试验在本果冻研制过程中的运用。     

玫瑰花色素的提取及其稳定性研究

文章以玫瑰花为原料提取了玫瑰花红色素,并对其理化性质和稳定性进行了研究。结果表明,玫瑰花红色素用95%乙醇浸泡提取,提取率为7.3%。色素的水溶性好,对光、热、弱酸性至弱碱性介质及食品添加剂相当稳定,耐受一般的食品饮料加工条件。色素对氧化剂H2O2的耐受能力较弱,而对还原剂N aHSO3则较为稳定。玫瑰花红色素是一种提取工艺简单、性质稳定、颜色鲜艳、价廉易得、来源充足的天然色素,可用于有色糖果、食品、果汁饮料、茶饮料及酒类。     

红毛藻R-藻红蛋白果冻的制备工艺

为了研究红毛藻R-藻红蛋白、卡拉胶 魔芋粉复合胶、木糖醇、柠檬酸的不同添加量对红毛藻R-藻红蛋白果冻品质的影响,通过单因素实验筛选获得4种物质的最佳添加量,并采用正交法优化果冻配方,确定红毛藻R-藻红蛋白果冻的最优制备工艺条件。结果表明,得到的最佳配方是复合胶、木糖醇、柠檬酸、红毛藻R-藻红蛋白液的质量分数分别为0.9%,9.0%,0.10%,4.5%;感官评分为87.64,弹性为（0.98±0.016）mm,咀嚼性为（0.789±0.021）N;可溶性固形物质量分数为24.3%;菌落总数为40 CFU/g,未检出大肠杆菌,结果符合国家标准要求。     

玫瑰花红色素的提取及其稳定性研究

通过单因素和正交试验研究了玫瑰花红色素的提取工艺.结果表明:玫瑰花红色素属花青素类,提取的最佳条件为:70%(V/V)乙醇为溶剂、pH值为1、物料比(m/V)为1∶ 8、浸提温度60℃、时间为1 h.稳定性研究表明玫瑰花红色素对光和热敏感,在不同的pH值下表现出不同的颜色;金属离子Na 、Zn2 、Ca2 对该色素无明显影响,Cu2 使该色素颜色向黄色变化,而Fe3 则会使玫瑰花红色素的颜色发生较大的改变;玫瑰花红色素对还原剂Na2SO3较稳定,对氧化剂H2O2则很敏感.     

玫瑰花渣中色素的研究

本文以研究玫瑰花提取挥发油后废渣的应用为目的,介绍了废渣中有色物质二氢黄酮的鉴定方法,萃取与纯化色素的主要过程,重点研究了水、乙醇、酸度、光和温度对色素稳定性影响.说明了从玫瑰花渣中提取的色素是以二氢黄酮为主体的混合色素,是一种稳定的天然色素,有广泛的应用价值。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Jane Eyre——A Feminist In The 19th Century

In the 19th century the society was controlled by men, and women were just appendants of them, they had not any rights and freedom. But Jane was an exception, she showed some characteristics of early feminist. Jane showed her characteristics of feminism in three aspects: rebellion, equality, and independence. These characteristics were helpful to her success, and feminism is the only way out for women of that time.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-