AB_2型Laves相Mg(Cu_(1-x)Al_x)_2的结构及其稳定性

采用机械活化+热压烧结法制备Laves相Mg(Cu1-xAlx)2(0≤x≤0.35),并对热压产物进行物相、微观形貌以及力学性能分析.从热力学、晶体学和合金电子理论角度分析Al合金化对Laves相Mg(Cu1-xAlx)2的形成和性能的影响.结果表明:MgCu2中的部分Cu被Al替代,晶体结构没有改变,仍是C15结构Laves相.随着Al含量的增加,Laves相的晶格常数逐渐增大,致密度逐渐提高,晶粒尺寸增大,晶格畸变增大.随着Al替代量的增加,Laves相的硬度、杨氏模量增大,Laves相抗压强度为先增加后减小.Al进行合金化能够使Laves相Mg(Cu1-xAlx)2的力学性能和热稳定性提高.     

合金元素对Laves相MgCu2力学性能的影响

在Laves相MgCu2中添加合金元素Al、Ni、Si,采用机械活化+热压烧结制备MgCu2基合金,并对热压产物进行物相和力学性能分析.结果表明:添加Al、Ni、Si后,合金的主相仍为C15结构的Laves相,晶体结构并未改变.MgCu2的室温变形能力及显微硬度、抗压强度、抗弯强度增加;合金元素可替代MgCu2中的Cu原子,减少变形阻力,表现出增塑作用.此外,合金元素Al和Ni可降低MgCu2的电子浓度,使位错运动Peierls力减小,增加合金的塑性.     

新型Laves相Mg(Cu_(1-x)Al_x)_2(x=0,0.25)的制备及表征

采用机械活化+热压烧结法制备新型Laves相Mg(Cu1-xAlx)2(x=0,0.25),通过XRD、SEM及EPMA分析烧结产物的物相、微观形貌和微区成分,并用微压痕法测试其硬度及杨氏模量.结果表明,添加Al元素后,未改变MgCu2的晶体结构,Al替代Cu的原子位置,晶格常数增大,衍射峰向低角度偏移;Mg(Cu1-xAlx)2(x=0.25)的致密性、硬度及杨氏模量均大于MgCu2,其断口表面有少量韧性撕裂棱存在,韧性提高.说明用轻质、抗氧化性能高的Al元素进行合金化,能够使MgCu2结构Laves相性能提高.     

Fe3(Si1-x,Alx)金属间化合物的制备及其力学性能研究

采用真空电弧熔炼退火制备了Fe3(Si1-x,Alx)(x=0.2,0.4,0.6)Fe3Si基金属间化合物.通过XRD和SEM对制备出的试样进行表征,同时对其显微硬度、压缩强度及弯曲强度等力学性能进行了综合分析.结果表明,Fe3(Si1-x,Alx)金属间化合物仍然保持Fe3Si物相不变.Al的合金化改性降低了Fe3Si金属间化合物的显微硬度,有利于改善Fe3Si的脆性.Fe3(Si0.67,Al0.33)表现出较Fe3Si高的抗压和抗弯强度,这是其适中的有序度值与变形过程中加工硬化作用的综合结果.Fe3(Si1-x,Alx)表现出明显的二次解理特征,这利于断裂过程中裂纹能量的释放,从而提高其强度.     

自蔓延高温合成Al/Mg_2Si复合材料的淬熄试验

采用燃烧波前沿淬熄法研究Al/Mg2Si复合材料在自蔓延高温合成(SHS)过程中的显微组织演变规律.用扫描电子显微镜观察和分析淬熄试样中的显微组织,通过XRD分析合成产物的相组成.研究结果表明,反应直接生成了Mg2Si而没有中间产物,Mg-Si可以在较低的温度下发生固-固反应生成Mg2Si;在淬熄合成过程中Al始终没有参与反应.     

放电等离子烧结制备Cu/Ti3SiC2-TiC复合材料

选用单质粉(Ti,Si,C,Al)为原料,采用机械合金化法制备含有Ti3SiC2和TiC的混合粉体,然后将Ti3SiC2,TiC和Cu的混合粉体进行放电等离子烧结,以制备Cu/Ti3SiC2-TiC复合材料,并对其组织耐磨性进行了研究。实验结果表明,放电等离子烧结可制备致密的Cu/Ti3SiC2-TiC复合材料,复合材料的显微硬度随强化相(Ti3SiC2-TiC)掺加量的增加显著提高,当强化相掺加量为20 vol%时,复合材料的硬度值达1.58 GPa。Cu/Ti3SiC2-TiC复合材料的耐磨性随强化相含量增加显著提高,当强化相掺入量为20 vol%时,复合材料的耐磨性为纯Cu的4倍。     

磁控溅射Cu膜之Cu/SiO2/Si结构的应力

采用红外光弹测量法用磁控溅射淀积在SiO2/Si晶片表面的Cu膜在Si衬底中引入的应力。结果表明：SiO2在Si衬氏中引和张应力，而Cu在Si衬氏中引入压应力，在Cu/SiO2/Si结构中，随SiO2膜厚减小和Cu膜厚增大，Si衬底中张应力逐渐减小，最终转为压应力。同时比较、分析了理论估算值和实验结果的差异，预示和分析了Cu引线的可靠性。     

Cu/Al复合合金化Fe_3Si基有序合金及其性能

采用真空电弧熔炼/热压退火制备4种Cu/Al复合合金化Fe_3Si基有序合金.通过XRD、SEM对制备出的试样进行表征,同时对其显微硬度、压缩强度及腐蚀性能进行综合分析.结果表明:Fe_3Si-Cu/Al有序合金仍然保持Fe_3Si物相不变.Cu/Al合金化改性能降低Fe_3Si基合金的显微硬度,有利于改善Fe_3Si的脆性,提高Fe_3Si基合金的压缩强度,Fe_3Si基合金的耐蚀性能较Fe_3Si均有提高.     

机械合金化Fe30Cu70二元体系的局域结构研究

利用XAFS和XRD技术,研究机械合金化方法制备的Fe30Cu70二元体系的局域环境结构随球磨时间的变化.当球料比为401时,球磨5h,XRD结果表明bcc结构α-Fe相的衍射峰几乎消失,只有fcc结构Fe30Cu70合金相的衍射峰存在,随着球磨时间的增加,fcc结构Fe30Cu70合金相的晶格略有膨胀,且晶格参数逐渐增大.XAFS结果显示在机械合金化过程中,Fe30Cu70样品的Fe原子的近邻结构与Cu原子的近邻结构有不同的变化规律,Cu原子周围的局域晶格结构受球磨影响不大,但Fe原子周围的局域晶格结构形变较大,其无序度随时间增加而明显增大.所以,机械球磨后形成的Fe30Cu70合金并不是组成均匀的过饱和固溶体,其中既有Cu原子浓度大于化学计量比的fcc结构Cu富集区,又有Fe原子浓度大于化学计量比的fcc结构Fe富集区.     

Mn对Al-Mg-Si-Cu铝合金车身板组织和性能的影响

通过拉伸和埃里克森实验以及扫描电镜/能谱、透射电镜和金相分析,研究Mn的质量分数对Al Mg Si Cu铝合金汽车板显微组织、力学性能和成形性的影响·研究表明,随Mn质量分数增加,Al Mg Si Cu汽车板铝合金不可溶结晶相及弥散相粒子数量均增加,不可溶结晶相使合金组织纤维化对板材冲压成形性不利,弥散相粒子阻碍再结晶晶粒长大;提高Mn的质量分数,Al Mg Si Cu汽车板铝合金的强度增加,但延伸率和冲压成形性降低·     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Jane Eyre——A Feminist In The 19th Century

In the 19th century the society was controlled by men, and women were just appendants of them, they had not any rights and freedom. But Jane was an exception, she showed some characteristics of early feminist. Jane showed her characteristics of feminism in three aspects: rebellion, equality, and independence. These characteristics were helpful to her success, and feminism is the only way out for women of that time.     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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