胆红素氧化终产物通过巨噬细胞影响炎症反应

胆红素氧化终产物(Bilirubin oxidation end products, Boxes)是影响高胆红素血症/高胆红素脑脊液疾病发生和发展的重要因子。目前有关Boxes对炎症反应的影响尚不清楚。为了研究Boxes是如何调控炎症反应的，我们以脂多糖(Lipopolysaccharide, LPS)作为炎性诱导因子，以Boxes作为干扰因素，观察了Boxes对小鼠巨噬细胞、树突状细胞功能的影响。结果发现Boxes对树突状细胞分泌的肿瘤坏死因子α(Tumor Necrosis Factor-α, TNF-α)和白介素-1β(Interleukin-1β, IL-1β)并没有影响，但可以显著减少巨噬细胞TNF-α、IL-1β、CXCL10、iNOS,Cox-2等炎性因子的表达。这个影响是通过下调MAPK/NF-κB信号通路实现的。因此，胆红素氧化终产物是通过巨噬细胞而不是树突状细胞影响炎症反应的。     

紫花地丁提取物对LPS诱导RAW 264.7细胞的体外抗炎作用

观察紫花地丁提取物对脂多糖诱导的RAW 264.7巨噬细胞的抗炎作用并探讨其机制.采用脂多糖(1μg/mL)诱导RAW 264.7巨噬细胞建立体外炎症模型,格里斯试剂法和酶联免疫吸附法分别检测细胞上清液中的NO、TNF-α、IL-6、IL-1β的浓度,凝胶成像法检测细胞中iNOS、COX-2蛋白水平.结果显示,紫花地丁水提物、醇提物剂量依赖地降低脂多糖刺激巨噬细胞分泌NO、TNF-α、IL-6、IL-1β以及其iNOS、COX-2蛋白水平.相同剂量(100μg/mL)的紫花地丁醇提物抗炎活性优于水提物.结果表明,紫花地丁水提物、醇提物可抑制脂多糖刺激的RAW 264.7细胞炎症,其机制可能与抑制iNOS、COX-2蛋白表达,减少NO、TNF-α、IL-6、IL-1β等炎性因子的分泌有关.     

中药喘可治注射液对小鼠腹腔巨噬细胞的影响

目的:研究中药喘可治注射液(CKZ)对小鼠腹腔巨噬细胞凋亡、一氧化氮(NO)释放和细胞因子分泌的影响,并探讨其作用机制.方法:无菌分离小鼠腹腔巨噬细胞,制备单细胞悬液,加入CKZ(终体积分数20 μL/mL)孵育4 h后, 加入过氧化氢(H2O2)、放线菌酮(CHX)、环磷酰胺(CTX)诱导细胞凋亡,荧光酶标仪结合Sytox Green染色检测细胞凋亡;加药孵育4 h后,加入细菌脂多糖(LPS,终质量浓度10 μg/mL)和IFN-γ(终质量浓度80 ng/mL),24h后Grass试剂盒检测巨噬细胞NO的量;加药孵育4 h后,加入LPS(终质量浓度10 μg/mL)和IFN-γ(终质量浓度80 ng/mL),24h后流式细胞仪结合Cytometric Bead Array(CBA)技术检测细胞因子的释放.结果:CKZ能抑制H2O2、CHX、CTX诱导的细胞凋亡;促进非刺激状态下巨噬细胞NO和IL-6、IL-10、MCP-1、IFN-γ、TNF-α 5种细胞因子的产生, 抑制LPS和IFN-γ刺激的NO和IL-6、IL-10、MCP-1、IFN-γ、TNF-α5种细胞因子的产生.结论:CKZ可抑制巨噬细胞凋亡,并对巨噬细胞NO的分泌和IL-6、IL-10、MCP-1、IFN-γ、TNF-α5种细胞因子的生成具有双向调节作用.     

高血糖条件下神经降压素调节巨噬细胞炎症反应的实验研究

目的观察神经降压素在高血糖条件下对巨噬细胞的影响。方法取昆明小鼠脾巨噬细胞,高糖培养液培养15d,细胞分PBS对照组和神经降压索干预组。ELISA检测法检测TNF-、IL-1β及IL-6的释放;RT—PCR检测TNF-、IL-1β及IL-6mRNA的表达。结果高糖条件下神经降压素能降低巨噬细胞TNF-、IL-1β及IL-6的释放和mRNA的表达（P〈0．05）。结论在高糖条件下,神经降压素可以通过抑制炎性细胞因子的释放影响巨噬细胞的反应。     

野漆树苷对LPS诱导的RAW264.7细胞的抗炎作用及机制探究

目的:探究野漆树苷(Rhoifolin,RHO)对细菌脂多糖(lipopolysaccharide,LPS)诱导的小鼠单核巨噬细胞RAW264.7细胞炎症模型释放炎性因子的影响,并探讨其作用机制.方法:用脂多糖(0.5μg·mL~(-1))刺激体外生长良好的RAW264.7细胞24h建立体外细胞炎症模型,以MTT法测定不同浓度RHO对RAW264.7细胞的毒性作用,用Griess试剂法检测一氧化氮(Nitric Oxide NO)的含量,RT-PCR法检测细胞中肿瘤坏死因子α(Tumor Necrosis Factor,TNF-α),白介素1β(Interleukin-1β,IL~(-1)β),白介素6(Interleukin,IL-6)的含量,采用Western Blot法检测MAPK信号通路中相关蛋白的含量.结果:与空白对照组相比,在LPS诱导下,RAW264.7细胞分泌致炎因子NO,TNF-α,IL~(-1)β,IL-6(P0.01);与模型组相比,25~100μmol·L~(-1)的RHO可明显下调LPS诱导的RAW264.7细胞释放炎症因子NO,TNF-α,IL~(-1)β和IL-6(P0.05,P0.01),并呈现良好的剂量依赖关系;野漆树苷还不同程度的抑制了Erk和JNK激酶的磷酸化.结论:RHO可以抑制LPS所致的RAW264.7细胞炎症反应,减少炎症因子NO分泌,抑制TNF-α,IL~(-1)β和IL-6mRNA的合成,抑制JNK/SAPK及Erk信号通路可能是其抗炎作用机制之一.     

小白菊内酯对Kaposi肉瘤相关疱疹病毒感染细胞的影响

目的为了探讨小白菊内酯(Parthnolide,PTL)对Kaposi肉瘤相关疱疹病毒(Kaposi’s Sarcoma associated Herpesvirus,KSHV)感染细胞islk.219、SK-RG、BCBL-1增殖的影响。方法测定小白菊内酯对不同的KSHV感染细胞的半数抑制浓度(IC50)。同时显微镜下观察不同浓度的小白菊内酯处理KSHV感染细胞24 h和48 h后细胞的形态变化。采用CCK-8、集落形成实验检测不同浓度的小白菊内酯处理KSHV感染细胞后的增殖能力。采用Western blot检测Bcl-2和Cyclin D1的蛋白表达情况。结果小白菊内酯处理islk.219、SK-RG、BCBL-1的IC50浓度分别为21. 08μmol/L、10. 75μmol/L、13. 65μmol/L,随着小白菊内酯浓度和处理时间的增加,islk.219、SK-RG、BCBL-1细胞增殖能力下降,克隆数明显减少(P0. 05),并使Bcl-2和Cyclin D1蛋白的表达水平降低。结论小白菊内酯能够抑制KSHV感染细胞系islk.219、SK-RG、BCBL-1细胞的增殖,可能作为治疗KSHV感染的候选药物。     

茶叶糖蛋白对RAW264.7细胞分泌作用的影响

本文研究利用小鼠巨噬细胞建立体外实验模型,对茶叶糖蛋白(TGP)的免疫活性进行研究。采用倒置显微镜观察细胞形态变化。Griess法和ELISA法检测不同剂量茶叶糖蛋白对RAW264.7细胞一氧化氮(NO)和细胞因子TNF-α、IL-1β分泌量的影响。结果表明:50μg/mL茶叶糖蛋白可显著促进细胞分泌一氧化氮和细胞因子TNF-α、IL-1β(p<0.01),说明茶叶糖蛋白可通过促进细胞分泌一氧化氮和细胞因子,起到活化RAW264.7细胞和调节机体免疫的功效。     

117β-雌二醇对小鼠脾脏CD11c阳性树突状细胞白细胞介素和TNF-α表达的影响

在mRNA水平上研究17β-雌二醇(17β-estradiol,E2)对小鼠脾脏CD11c阳性树突状细胞(spleenCD11c-positive dendritic cells,SDCs)合成的细胞因子IL-6,IL-10,IL-12和TNF-α的调节作用.方法:免疫磁珠法纯化小鼠CD11c阳性SDCs,用不同浓度的...     

TGF-β1在人前列腺上皮细胞炎症过程中的表达机制及意义

目的:探讨炎症刺激诱导人前列腺上皮细胞中转化生长因子(TGF-β1)的表达水平,分析其影响机制及意义.方法:采用脂多糖诱导处理人前列腺上皮P69细胞构建炎症细胞模型,体外培养正常P69细胞(对照组)和炎症细胞(实验组)至对数生长期,运用酶联免疫法检测两组细胞中白细胞介素-6(IL-6)、IL-10和肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)的质量浓度.分别利用qPCR法和Western Blot法检测两组细胞中c-Myb和TGF-β1的mRNA表达和蛋白定量水平;应用Real time PCR测定两组细胞中hsa-miR-150的表达;采用hsa-miR-150-mimic和hsa-miR-150-inhibitor分别处理两组细胞,qPCR法和免疫荧光法观察c-Myb及TGF-β1的表达水平改变;采用c-Myb抑制剂处理后,观察两组细胞中TGF-β1的表达程度.结果:实验组IL-6、IL-10和TNF-α水平均较对照组明显升高(P0.05),表明P69炎症细胞模型构建成功.实验组c-Myb和TGF-β1的蛋白表达水平较对照组增强;基线状态下实验组细胞hsa-miR-150、c-Myb和TGF-β1的mRNA表达水平均高于对照组(P0.05);hsa-miR-150-mimic处理后,实验组hsa-miR-150、c-Myb和TGF-β1的mRNA表达水平与处理前比较无统计学差异(P0.05),对照组hsa-miR-150、c-Myb和TGF-β1的mRNA表达水平较处理前水平升高(P0.05),免疫荧光显示对照组c-Myb和TGF-β1的蛋白表达水平均高于实验组;hsa-miR-150-inhibitor处理后,实验组hsa-miR-150、c-Myb和TGF-β1水平较处理前明显降低(P0.05),对照组hsa-miR-150、c-Myb和TGF-β1的mRNA表达水平与处理前比较无统计学差异(P0.05),处理后两组间hsa-miR-150的mRNA表达结果比较无统计学差异(P0.05),而两组间c-Myb和TGF-β1的mRNA表达水平分别比较均具有统计学差异(P0.05),免疫荧光显示对照组c-Myb和TGF-β1的蛋白表达水平均低于实验组;c-Myb-inhibitor抑制处理前,两组细胞TGF-β1的mRNA表达水平存在显著性统计学差异(P0.05);处理后,实验组TGF-β1的mRNA表达水平较处理前出现降低,对照组表达水平与处理前比较无统计学差异;两组间表达水平存在统计学差异(P0.05),实验组较对照组表达水平高.结论:人前列腺上皮细胞在炎症刺激下可引起hsa-miR-150表达升高,进而激活下游靶向因子c-Myb,最终诱导TGF-β1表达升高.     

金花茶叶醇提物对LPS导致RAW炎症的保护作用

考察金花茶叶醇提物对内毒素(LPS)刺激腹腔巨噬细胞(RAW264.7)后细胞炎症的保护作用.通过噻唑蓝(MTT)法检测不同浓度金花茶叶醇提物作用下细胞的存活率;通过Griess法检测金花茶叶醇提物对LPS刺激后RAW264.7细胞NO释放量;通过酶联免疫吸附法检测炎症因子TNF-α,IL-1β,IL-6含量;通过蛋白免疫印迹法检测NF-κB p65的表达量.MTT结果显示,LPS及不同浓度的金花茶叶醇提物均未对细胞存活率产生明显影响(P0.05).3、10、30、100μmol/L的金花茶叶醇提物均可以明显减少LPS诱导的RAW264.7细胞NO的释放(P0.05).100μmol/L的金花茶叶醇提物可以明显减少LPS诱导的RAW264.7细胞IL-1β、IL-6和TNF-α的释放(P0.001).10、30、100μmol/L的金花茶叶醇提物均可以明显抑制LPS诱导的RAW264.7细胞NF-κB p65蛋白表达(P0.05).金花茶叶提取物对内毒素导致的腹腔巨噬细胞炎症具有一定的保护作用,其作用机制可能与NF-κB通路相关.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Jane Eyre——A Feminist In The 19th Century

In the 19th century the society was controlled by men, and women were just appendants of them, they had not any rights and freedom. But Jane was an exception, she showed some characteristics of early feminist. Jane showed her characteristics of feminism in three aspects: rebellion, equality, and independence. These characteristics were helpful to her success, and feminism is the only way out for women of that time.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-