抗坏血酸对猴头菇β-葡聚糖表观黏度及结构特征的影响

采用碱提醇沉法制备猴头菇β-葡聚糖(Hericium erinaceus alkali-extracted polysaccharide, HEAEP),系统研究了不同条件(抗坏血酸浓度、金属离子、温度、pH值等)下抗坏血酸对HEAEP表观黏度的影响,并深入分析了抗坏血酸对HEAEP结构特征的影响。研究结果表明:猴头菇β-葡聚糖表观黏度与抗坏血酸浓度存在依赖性,当抗坏血酸质量分数超过0.10000％时,抗坏血酸浓度越高,降解效果越差；金属离子(Cu²⁺、Fe²⁺)的加入会进一步促进抗坏血酸对HEAEP表观黏度的降解作用；而温度的影响相对较小；pH值和作用时间也有一定影响,当pH值为4,作用时间为12h时,抗坏血酸对HEAEP降解效果最好。此外,抗坏血酸能降低HEAEP分子质量,但对HEAEP糖苷键类型及比例、单糖组成和特征官能团等结构特征影响较小。抗坏血酸降低猴头菇β-葡聚糖表观黏度的效果受到多重因素的影响,其中抗坏血酸浓度、Cu²⁺、Fe²⁺等影响较大,但作用前后的多糖主要结构特征变化相对较小。研究结果旨在为抗坏血酸与β-葡聚糖共存食品的生产提供理论参考。     

A review on promotingstructure research of polysaccharide from natural resources

Polysaccharides widely exist in plants,animals and microorganisms,and have important impacts on the diet and health of humans.However,the research on polysaccharide has progressed much slower than that of protein,due to the complexity of polysaccharide structures,limitations on structural theory,and poor understanding of the mechanism of the bioactivities.In order to promote related research fields,this review provided recommendations to solve the critical issues in the research of polysaccharide structure.The followings are recommended:correct understanding structure types of polysaccharide,improving the preparation efficiency of polysaccharide to ensure reproducibility, and improving characterization of fine structures utilizing "partial degradation-methylation-NMR".Importantly,the theories and research ideas for protein research should not be indiscriminately applied to polysaccharide research.Proper theories and research methods for polysaccharide should be established to promote the field.     

茶叶糖蛋白对RAW264.7细胞分泌作用的影响

本文研究利用小鼠巨噬细胞建立体外实验模型,对茶叶糖蛋白(TGP)的免疫活性进行研究。采用倒置显微镜观察细胞形态变化。Griess法和ELISA法检测不同剂量茶叶糖蛋白对RAW264.7细胞一氧化氮(NO)和细胞因子TNF-α、IL-1β分泌量的影响。结果表明:50μg/mL茶叶糖蛋白可显著促进细胞分泌一氧化氮和细胞因子TNF-α、IL-1β(p<0.01),说明茶叶糖蛋白可通过促进细胞分泌一氧化氮和细胞因子,起到活化RAW264.7细胞和调节机体免疫的功效。