利用微波法检测非织造布的各向异性

本文作者尝试应用微波衰减法检测非织造布的各向异性,采用了新颖的传感器结构,定义了电流衰减相对分贝值的概念,用于衡量各向异性情况。从实验角度分析了微波衰减各向异性与力学各向异性之间的统计相关情况。该方法为进一步研究非织造布的各向异性以及生产中的在线检测和质量控制提供了一种可能。     

三维网孔热风非织造布的制备及其在吸收芯体中的应用

以聚丙烯/聚乙烯(PP/PE)皮芯纤维和三维卷曲中空涤纶纤维为原料,通过杂乱凝聚技术梳理成网再经热风加固技术制备三维网孔热风非织造布,探讨面密度、原料质量配比对非织造布的厚度、蓬松度、压缩率和压缩弹性率的影响;将热风非织造布用于制备吸收芯体,并对吸收芯体的厚度、液体吸收时间、回渗量进行测试。结果表明:当选用的PP/PE皮芯纤维和中空涤纶纤维质量配比为70/30时,制得面密度为50g/m~2的三维网孔热风非织造布的蓬松度为81cm~3/g,具有较好的立体空间构造,可有效容纳高吸水树脂(SAP)颗粒;由热风非织造布制得的吸收芯体的吸收时间短、回渗量低、无起坨断层现象,可有效解决SAP吸液后的凝胶堵塞问题。     

后整理对丙纶针刺非织造材料表观与孔隙结构的影响

选取3种以不同线密度和配比的丙纶纤维原料制备的针刺非织造布试样进行烧毛和烧毛-轧光整理,并对未整理、烧毛整理和烧毛-轧光整理的试样的表观形态、孔径及透气性进行测试评价.结果表明:丙纶针刺非织造材料的表面经烧毛整理后会有熔融固结点,这种熔融固结点经轧光后会被压平铺展,造成孔隙的堵塞;经烧毛整理的丙纶针刺非织造布的孔径分布会变宽,而经烧毛-轧光整理的丙纶针刺非织造布的孔径分布会变得集中;经烧毛整理后试样的透气量与未整理的相比变化不大,而烧毛-轧光整理后试样的透气量与未整理的相比则下降了15%以上.     

粘合剂粒径对非织造布性能的影响

探讨了粘合剂粒径对非织造布力学性能的影响。实验表明,随着粒径变细,非织造布的拉伸强度和弯曲模量呈非线性增加。分析认为由细旦纤维制成的非织造布可具有较高的拉伸强度和较低的抗弯模量,这些概念也适用于热熔纤维粘合和热轧非织造布。     

基于二维Gabor滤波器的非织造布疵点检测

针对非织造布疵点自动检测问题,提出一种基于二维Gabor滤波器的非织造布疵点检测方法.该方法采用3个尺度和4个方向的滤波器分别对经过Gamma矫正以及同态滤波处理的正常图像和疵点图像进行滤波,进而得到偏差图像,并做融合处理,经二值化后将疵点从织物背景中提取出来,从而实现非织造布的自动检测.试验结果表明,该方法对非织造布各类疵点的检测,尤其是对隐性疵点是非常有效的.     

射流喷网非织造布工艺技术的研究

本文研究了最新的非织造布加固技术——射流喷网工艺,其基本原理与针刺加固相似,采用高压水针替代机械针刺,纤网在水流直接和反弹的双重作用下,纤维缠结加固。实验表明:预水刺时,各注射器的水压能量须逐个提高,纤维的缠结效果好,并提出了原料、速度、压力、温度等关健技术参数。纤网定量降低,注射器数量增加,涤纶射流非织造布机械性能比棉纤维的好,纤维种类和强力对非织造布性能有较大的影响。随着纤网定量的增加,断裂强度,撕破强度和顶破强度增加。漂白棉射流非织造布手感比涤纶纤维差,射流法非织造布的撕裂强度曲线呈锯齿形。     

SMS非织造布横纵向机械性能的差别分析

通过对比SMS非织造布的横向机械性能和纵向机械性能,并分析SMS非织造布的热压点尺寸及形状等直观表达非织造布热压点分布状态的数据,找出了非织造布横向及纵向机械性能差别与热压点分布的关系,为SMS非织造布机械性能的进一步研究提供了可行的评测手段.     

聚乳酸非织造布的降解及其纤维的鉴别

测试和比较聚乳酸非织造布和聚酯、大豆纤维、蛹蛋白粘胶纤维非织造布在土、淤泥、沙3种不同环境中的降解性能，介绍了用扫描电镜法、燃烧法、红外光谱吸收法、熔点法和吸湿性能测试来鉴别聚乳酸纤维、大豆纤维和蛹蛋白粘胶纤维。     

改性PP非织造布的抗菌机理探讨

研究了含吡啶盐基团的改性聚丙烯（ＰＰ）非织造布的抗菌机理，分析了大肠杆菌在改性聚丙烯非织造布上的粘附热力学过程。发现对于不含吡啶盐基团的聚丙烯非织造布表面，粘附过程中的自由能变化越负，对粘附细菌越有利；改性聚丙烯非织造布对大肠杆菌（Ｅ．ｃｏｌｉ）的滤除作用主要是其表面的吡啶盐功能基团与大肠杆菌之间的静电相互作用的结果；活性检测结果显示这种粘附作用是一种生态捕捉作用。     

木浆纤维水刺复合不同加固结构纤网时的流失现象

木浆纤维经气流成网后,分别与PP/PE(聚丙烯/聚乙烯)纺黏热轧非织造布、PP/PE短纤热轧非织造布、PP/PE短纤热风非织造布和涤纶水刺非织造布纤网叠合形成试样,通过水刺复合,观察水针冲击过程中不同加固纤网结构条件下木浆纤维的流失现象,研究木浆纤维的流失过程和机理,并分析非织造布纤网结构对木浆纤维流失的影响.试验表明:木浆纤维与非织造布纤网中的纤维缠结以摩擦作用为主,当水针冲击力大于纤维之间的摩擦力,纤维互相分离,木浆纤维易脱离纤网而流失;在相同压力的水针冲击条件下,木浆纤维与PP/PE纺黏热轧非织造布、PP/PE短纤热轧非织造布及PP/PE短纤热风非织造布纤网复合时其流失严重,流失率均高于8%,而涤纶水刺非织造布纤网适于与木浆纤维的缠结,木浆纤维的流失率低,仅为2.95%.     

高膨松性非织造布的加工方法和产品性能的分析比较

本文对三利,不同粘合加固纤维网方法(乳液喷洒法,双组分低熔点纤维和热熔粉末粘合法)所制得的高膨松非织造布的性能进行了测试,并对各生产过程特点和产品性能逆行了比较。在高膨松性非织造布的体积密度范围内,有空气对流传热机理存在。导热系数随体积密度增加而降低,在单位面积重量相同条件下,膨松度高的非织造布。织物表现厚度大,虽然导热系数高,但织物传热量较低,其绝热保暖性好。     

A STUDY OF HIGH LOFT NONWOVEN FABRICS USING POWDER BONDING TECHNOLOGY

In this paper, two types of high loft nonwoven fabrics have been constructed in the laboratory apparatus made by ourselves with different binders (polyamide and polyethylene powder) and varying binder contents (10%, 20%, 30% and 40%). The tensile and compression properties of these nonwoven fabrics were tested. It was found that one can reduce powder binder content to increase loft and softness of nonwoven fabrics, but it has to sacrifice its tensile strength. Adhesion force between binder and single fibre was also explored. The experiments showed that the adhesion force at the interface between binder and fibre depends on the fibre variety, the fibre surface morphology, heating temperature and heating time etc..     

Relationship between Light Scattering Intensity and Basis Weight of Non-Woven Fabrics

The relationship between light scattering intensity and basis weight of nonwoven fabrics is studied by using the theory of electromagnetic wave propagation and scatter-ing in random media.The theoretical analysis shows that the backscattering intensity of nonwoven fabric is closely related to its basis weight,and 2 series nonwoven samples manufactured by spun-bonded and thermal-bounded processing methods are tested for checking the theoretical expression.The study shows that the scattering intensity increases with increasing basis weight of nonwoven fabrics in exponential equation,and theoretical expression is consistent with the experimental data.     

基于激光散射强度测量非织造布面密度的实验研究

应用光技术测量原理研究了非织造布的激光散射强度与面密度的关系,并应用计算机程序控制非织造布激光散射强度测定系统测定和分析了3种加工方法的非织造布试样。结果表明:非织造布面密度与激光散射强度之间存在十分密切的关系,这里所述的方法具有无放射性和易于采用计算机测量的优点,可用于薄型非织造布面密度的测量。     

INFLUENCE OF PROCESSING PARAMETERS AND POWDER BINDER CONTENT ON PROPERTIES OF HIGH LOFT NONWOVEN FABRICS

In this paper, the influence of processing parameters and powder binder content was studied and analysed on the properties of high loft nonwoven fabrics mainly using statistical analysis method. The relationship between the bulkiness and the warmth retention property was also tested. The analytical results reveal that the increase of the powder content, heating temperature and pressure will affect the tensile strength of nonwovens. Moreover, there are interactions between these parameters. The compression properties only change a little for a powder binder content of 15％—20％. However, with the increase of the heating temperature and pressure, the bulkiness and compression rate will reduce significantly. For the bulk density of high loft nonwoven fabrics, there exists a heat transter mechanism of air convection, but the higher the bulkiness of nonwovens, the larger the thickness and the better the warmth retention property of nonwoven fabrics.     

A Study on Modifying the Calculation Model of Valid Opening Size of Heat - bonded Nonwoven Fabrics

It has been found that there are marked errors in the value of valid opening size of heat-bonded nonwoven fabrics between theoretical calculations and engineering measurements. A new modified theoretical model is advanced in this paper. The equivalent diameter of the pore of a fibre web is used to calculate the valid opening size instead of the maximum diameter of inscribed circle used, because the fibres in practical fibre webs are flexible elastomers with definite diameters and the pore of fibre web may produce deformation in screening teat and engineering usage. The results show that the theoretical calculations coincide well with the engineering measurements. This method offers a theoretical basis for computer simulation to the performance of filters of heatbonded nonwoven fabrics.     

非织造布力学各向异性与顶破强力的模拟计算

本文研讨非织造布力学性质估算方法。取对称于两垂直轴的各向异性平面体,各方向的应力与应变保持线性,应用平面体任意方向的拉伸模量与主模量间的关系式,推导得出上述平面体的顶破强力计算公式。顶破强力计算式中包括舍弹性常数(材料拉伸应力方向与主模量方向间夹角的函数)、材料最小断裂伸长率和试样尺寸等参数。设令非织造布符合上述平面体模型,采用非织造布力学性质实测资料验证其适应程度。文中给出两种涤纶热轧非织造布的试验结果与理论计算值随参数值变化的规律基本一致,丙纶溶喷非织造布的顶裂强力实测值与理论计算值的差异随参数值不同而变化。     

非织造布力学性能的模拟用其应用探讨

对不同粉末粘结剂含量非织造布的研究表明:线性和非线性的简易三元件模型均能较好地描述非织造布的拉伸性能和应力松弛性能。根据模型的拟合参数计算和讨论提出了应用力学模型可以检验非织造布加工中纤维网粘结程度优劣的可能性。