金属基体表面热熔敷玻璃涂层耐蚀性研究

利用斑点试验、点蚀试验、电化学测试及扫描电镜等方法，研究了熔敷温度、保温时间和稀土添加量等工艺参数对热熔敷法制备的玻璃涂层耐蚀性的影响，探讨了添加稀土提高玻璃涂层耐蚀性的机理。试验结果表明，采用热熔敷法制备的玻璃涂层有较好的耐蚀性。随着熔敷温度的提高和保温时间的延长，形成了一定量的晶相后会降低涂层的耐蚀性。试验结果表明，熔敷温度为700℃、保温5min后能够得到耐蚀性良好的玻璃涂层。添加稀土提高了釉料的软化温度和熔融釉料的粘度，阻止了结晶形核和晶核长大，减少了晶相，同时提高了涂层的电极电位，使涂层耐蚀性显著提高。当稀土含量为2％时，涂层的耐蚀性较好。     

硅锰渣基CaO-MgO-Al_2O_3-SiO_2系矿渣微晶玻璃晶化性能研究

以硅锰水淬渣为原料,添加石英砂对其成分进行调整,熔制出3种成分不同的硅锰渣基CaO-MgOAl2O3-SiO2系矿渣微晶玻璃,采用XRD、DSC、SEM对基础玻璃经不同温度热处理后的晶化特性进行研究。结果表明,随着原料中石英砂含量的增加,基础玻璃熔制温度与晶化温度均有所提升;当SiO2加入量为10%时,熔制的基础玻璃晶化完善,其在900℃时经3h晶化处理后可析出大量叶片状的透辉石相和钙长石相。     

Al63-xCu25Fe12Yx稀土准晶组织性能研究

研究了在雾化制备Al63-xCu25Fe12Yx稀土准晶粉末,结果表明制备的准晶粉末细小且近似球形,添加少量稀土的准晶粉末更细小;850 ℃×4小时热压后准晶中除少量Y的稀土化合物相外,基本上是准晶相;添加少量的稀土后,准晶的硬度和耐磨性均有一定程度提高.     

液相线保温法低合金钢半固态组织的形成机理

采用液相线保温法制备了低合金钢ZG25MnCrNiMo半固态熔体,获得了晶粒细小、圆整、均匀的半固态组织.研究了该组织的形成过程和形成机理,掌握了保温温度和保温时间对组织形态以及晶粒尺寸的影响规律.结果表明,在液相线温度1 510℃保温时,熔体内易形成大量准固相原子团簇并发展为游离晶均匀分布在熔体内,它们能在凝固时显著细化、匀化晶粒,使水淬组织细小、均匀.在空冷条件下,这种细化机制仍起作用,使液相线温度保温后的空冷组织比常规铸造浇铸温度下的空冷组织显著细小.由于中频感应炉的电磁搅拌作用,在液相线短时保温就可孕育出相当数目的游离晶,并能在随后的保温过程中维持游离晶的形态和数目.在保温5～50 min的时间范围内,液相线温度下不同保温时间的水淬组织没有显著变化,短时保温与长时保温的效果相当.     

SiO2-Al2O3-ZnO-SrO-La2O3系微晶玻璃性能的研究

SiO2-Al2O3-ZnO-SrO-La2O3为基本成分制备了微晶玻璃样品,在750℃下不同时间热处理。用微波微扰法测量其微波介电性能,结合扫描电镜和X射线衍射分析了其晶相。结果表明,随保温时间的延长,样品的主晶相经历了SrZrSi2O7→SrAl2Si2O8→新玻璃相La2ZrTiO7的变化。SrAl2Si2O8相是亚稳过渡相。反应生成的新玻璃相La2ZrTiO7的Q值高达1800,温度系数约为＋500×10^-6／℃。     

Y-TZP对生物微晶玻璃涂层组织结构的影响

为了弥补生物微晶玻璃力学性能较差,脆性大的不足之处,试验采用亚音速火焰喷涂方法及涂层处理技术,以Ti6A14V为基体喷涂制备生物微晶玻璃涂层,并添加一定量Y-TZP,研究其对涂层组织与结构的影响.结果表明:Y-TZP有抑制生物微晶玻璃涂层裂纹的能力,同时其在热喷涂及晶化处理过程中表现出良好的相稳定性能,涂层为四方氧化锆...     

氩弧熔敷原位自生WC复合涂层组织及耐磨性

为提高采煤机中截齿的耐磨性能,利用氩弧熔敷技术,在35CrMnSi钢表面制备WC增强Ni基复合涂层。利用OM、SEM、XRD和EDS分析复合涂层的显微组织,采用显微维氏硬度仪测试复合涂层的显微硬度,并测试涂层在室温磨损条件下的耐磨性能。结果表明：氩弧熔敷涂层组织均匀致密,熔敷涂层与基体呈冶金结合,主要由WC、W：C、T—Ni、（Fe,Cr）23,C6等物相组成;WC颗粒呈弥散分布,颗粒尺寸为1txm;熔敷涂层可以改善基体的表面硬度,最高显微硬度可达12．6GPa;熔敷涂层在室温冲击磨粒磨损实验条件下,具有优异的耐磨性,磨损机制主要是磨粒磨桶．其耐磨性较35CrMnSi基体提高近12倍。     

TC4表面激光熔覆硬质涂层的制备与分析

为解决TC4钛合金硬度低、耐磨性差等缺点，利用激光熔覆技术，采用4 kW大功率Laser4000半导体激光器，在TC4表面制备了以HfC、TaC和ZrC等比例三元陶瓷相（比例分别为0%、5%、10%、15%）为增强相的钛基硬质涂层。熔覆结束后对熔覆件进行切割、打磨、抛光和腐蚀制备金相试样，利用电子显微镜（EM）、扫描电镜（SEM）、EDS能谱仪、X射线衍射仪（XRD）等试验手段对不同材料组分的熔覆涂层进行了宏观形貌、微观组织和性能的对比分析；利用TH120A里氏硬度计测熔覆层的宏观硬度值，利用Qness型号维氏显微硬度计分析熔覆试样截面微观硬度变化规律。研究结果表明：三元陶瓷相的添加，使熔覆层与基材形成了良好的冶金结合，并且基材与熔覆层有着明显的平滑的分界线；熔覆层主要由α+β针状马氏体基体及析出的棒状和块状α相组成，其中添加质量分数为15%的三元陶瓷增强相的涂层熔覆层由块状晶组成，且晶粒最为粗大，添加质量分数为5%和10%的三元陶瓷增强相的涂层，棒状和块状的α相尺寸明显变小，晶粒明显被细化，组织更加均匀致密；熔覆层柱状和块状α相的主要成分为Ti以及微量的Al、Zr、Hf和V元素，涂层...     

稀土添加剂对电沉积磷酸钙涂层的影响

采用电化学沉积的方法在钛合金(Ti-6Al-4V)表面制备生物涂层.通过加入添加剂稀土硝酸镧和氧化钇制备了两种磷酸钙盐/稀土复合涂层.试验研究了稀土对涂层的微观形貌及涂层厚度的影响.结果表明:稀土的加入使涂层变得更为均匀致密.与单一涂层相比,稀土盐的添加有效的提高了涂层的厚度.XRD分析表明,稀土的加入并没有影响磷酸钙的生成.     

粉煤灰对矿渣棉用调质高炉渣析晶性能的影响

为了探究粉煤灰添加量对高炉渣基矿渣棉制备过程中调质高炉熔渣析晶性能的影响,利用Factsage热力学软件模拟了不同粉煤灰添加量时调质高炉熔渣渣降温过程中的理论析晶温度和析晶种类及含量,并利用XRD、SEM、熔渣结晶性能测定装置定性分析了不同粉煤灰添加量调质高炉熔渣的析晶行为。结果表明：调质高炉熔渣理论析晶温度随粉煤灰添加量的增加逐渐降低;当粉煤灰添加量高于15%后,调质高熔渣温度降至1000℃时仍为玻璃相,未发生析晶,此时熔渣析晶不再是矿渣棉成型的限制环节;基于调质高炉熔渣成纤过程的实际工况,XRD分析结果更具有参考性。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.