356铝合金液相线半连续铸造组织的研究

研究了液相线半连续铸造条件对356铝合金组织的影响·结果表明,合金熔体在常规铸造温度(720℃)下浇注获得的锭坯边部和中心部位的组织都是粗大的枝晶,极不均匀;在略高于液相线温度(625℃)保温30min后的铸造组织边部是细小枝晶组织,中心部位是均匀的近球形晶粒组织;在液相线温度(615℃)保温后进行半连续铸造获得的锭坯中心和边部组织均是均匀、细小的近球形组织,晶粒的平均等积圆直径为25～35μm,平均圆度为1.75～2·另外,一次冷却强度的降低、二次冷却强度的增大和铸造速度的减小有利于均匀、细小的近球形组织的形成·     

7075铝合金液相线铸造过程中的形核

研究了7075铝合金在液相线及液相线温度附近等温形核过程和组织变化情况·在液相线温度以上(645℃),熔体激冷形核数量相对较少,晶粒较大,单位面积晶粒数较少且基本不随保温时间变化;在逼近液相线温度(632℃),熔体大量形核,晶粒细小球化,单位面积晶粒数较多,随保温时间先增加后减少,在30min左右达到最大值;在液相线温度以下(615℃),熔体形核数量多,但部分合并长大,细小的晶粒中伴随着一些粗大晶粒,单位面积晶粒数较少,随保温时间先增加后减少,在30min左右达到最大值·结果表明,在逼近液相线温度(632℃)下形核保温30m...     

电磁场作用中近液相线铸造ZL201合金的组织及其机理

以ZL201合金为研究对象,采用降低浇铸温度同时施加电磁场的模铸工艺,研究了ZL201合金的凝固组织及组织细化机理.结果表明:在液相线温度附近施加电磁场,合金组织为均匀、细小非枝晶组织;随着电流增大和冷却增强,组织细小、均匀的趋势增强;低过热度浇铸时,临界晶核半径减小,此时在电磁场作用下,熔体的温度梯度降低,促进了准固相原子团簇在熔体中的形成,形核率增大,组织细小、均匀.凝固初期,由于电磁场作用使溶质分布均匀,熔体中晶核向各方向的长大速率趋于一致,晶粒以近球形长大.     

内冷搅拌法细化AZ系镁合金半固态浆料初生相的研究

提升镁及其合金强度和室温韧性是扩展镁及其合金应用的关键技术,对镁合金凝固过程半固态处理是改善微观组织、提高产品质量的一个重要工艺途径。因此,本文提出内冷搅拌法制备非枝晶AZ系镁合金半固态浆料,采用快速淬火研究内冷搅拌过程AZ系镁合金半固态浆料初生相演变规律。通过观察金相微观组织发现,在金属熔体与平衡体质量比为3:1、平衡体温度为室温、熔体温度高于液相线20oC时,随着平衡体旋转速度增加,熔体整体温度梯度减小,凝固组织从粗大枝晶逐渐变为细小近球晶;随着旋转平衡体搅拌时间延长,浆料组织分散变得均匀,后续由于晶粒生长,晶粒出现团聚;Al元素含量增加能够细化自然凝固初生相α-Mg,而内冷搅拌法对AZ系镁合金半固态处理发现,Al元素含量虽然一定程度上细化初生相α-Mg,随着内冷搅拌条件引入,Al元素含量增加细化程度较小,而内冷搅拌条件是细化初生相α-Mg的主要因素。     

稀土镁合金近非平衡液相线铸造研究

近非平衡液相线铸造方法是测量熔体非平衡凝固过程的冷却曲线,确定其非平衡液相线温度,并在此温度附近进行铸造的工艺方法,为实质意义上的近液相线铸造.采用该方法对ZK60稀土系列镁合金进行了研究,结果表明,近非平衡液相线铸造工艺可获得细小均匀的非枝晶结构,是镁合金半固态制浆的有效方法;不同合金元素对以ZK60为基体的合金的非平衡液相线和近液相线铸造组织都有明显影响,Ag,Y,Nd等元素有利于避免浆料中晶内液相的出现,其中混合稀土最有利于初生晶粒的圆整化,而Nd则造成初生晶粒的不均匀,Ag和Y的添加尽管初生晶粒圆整程度不如Nd,但有较均匀的晶粒和较好的枝晶退化效果.     

A356合金近液相线法铸造坯料及重熔加热组织研究

采用近液相线半连续铸造法制备了A356铝合金半固态坯料,并利用电阻炉加热,采用电子显微镜研究了近液相线铸造A356铝合金在二次加热过程中的组织演变.结果表明:A356铝合金半固态坯料组织呈均匀、细小的蔷薇状分布;在585℃加热,保温10~15 min,可获得半固态加工所需的触变性组织.而且,保温温度和保温时间共同影响着二次加热组织的演变过程.随着加热温度的升高,α相的生长和球化的速度变快,保温时间越长,晶粒球化度越高.     

镁合金半固态制浆新工艺

研究了AZ91D镁合金在不同浇铸温度下组织的对比,以及稍低于液相线的近液相线铸造时静置时间和不同冷却能力铸模对铸态组织形貌的影响·结果表明,浇铸温度高于液相线时,降低浇铸温度有利于减轻镁合金的组织疏松,但组织粗大,此趋势持续到液相线上沿;而在稍低于液相线浇铸时,组织明显细化,有蔷薇化趋势,不再有高于液相线铸造时的显微气孔·在稍低于液相线温度时,适当静置有利于组织细化,一定程度上的枝晶熔断促进了蔷薇化,但不显著,静置时间过长,晶粒又有长大趋势,且出现个别异常长大枝晶·冷却速率对铸造组织的影响与静置时间有相近规律     

AZ91D镁合金组织细化及其对部分重熔半固态组织的影响

通过对熔体进行高强度剪切处理,研究了其对AZ91D镁合金的组织细化作用,获得了不同的铸锭组织,并研究了铸锭初始组织对二次加热后组织的影响.结果表明,熔体高强度剪切处理具有显著的晶粒细化作用,在650℃对熔体高强度剪切处理后,AZ91D镁合金铸锭平均晶粒尺寸由500μm降到170μm.降低熔体处理温度至605℃,组织得到进一步细化,平均晶粒尺寸约为60μm.原始组织大小对二次加热后组织的大小、液相分布具有重要的影响.熔体高强度剪切处理对AZ91D镁合金铸锭的晶粒细化作用在二次加热后能够基本保留下来.在相同的加热条件下,均匀细小的原始组织有利于获得更高的有效液相分数和更趋于球形的晶粒组织.     

电磁场作用下半固态ZL201合金显微组织特征

利用电磁场对合金熔体的搅拌或振荡作用,研究了交流电磁场作用下的ZL201铝合金半固态流变浆料组织·结果表明,交流电磁场对ZL201铝合金显微组织有显著的细化作用,在液相线温度(650℃)附近,电磁场作用下的流变浆料组织为细小的近球形晶粒,优于不加电磁场的浆料组织,适用于半固态成形·交流电磁场所引起的熔体强制对流,使处于强烈温度起伏条件下的初生枝晶二次臂机械断裂或根部熔断,这是结晶核心增加,组织细化的原因·     

压缩变形及退火对纯铜组织及性能的影响

借助扫描电子显微镜和显微硬度计等手段,研究了压缩变形与退火工艺对纯铜组织和性能的影响,获得了不同变形程度纯铜在不同退火条件下的组织演变和性能变化规律.研究结果表明:晶粒粗大的工业纯铜经室温压缩变形+退火可获得晶粒细小的组织.对于冷变形程度为40％的纯铜,最佳退火工艺为450℃×15 min;对于冷变形程度为80％的纯铜,最佳退火工艺为350℃×15 min,继续升高退火温度和延长保温时间都会使再结晶晶粒不断长大.与冷变形程度40％的纯铜试样相比,冷变形程度80％的纯铜试样退火后晶粒更细小.在本试验条件下,随着退火温度的升高和保温时间的延长,试样硬度总体呈下降趋势.纯铜的平均晶粒尺寸可以由铸态的150μm细化到12.15μm.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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An on-line scaling method for improving scalability of a database cluster

The explosive growth of the Internet and database applications has driven database to be more scalable and available, and able to support on-line scaling without interrupting service. To support more client's queries without downtime and degrading the response time, more nodes have to be scaled up while the database is running. This paper presents the overview of scalable and available database that satisfies the above characteristics. And we propose a novel on-line scaling method. Our method improves the existing on-line scaling method for fast response time and higher throughputs. Our proposed method reduces unnecessary network use, i.e. , we decrease the number of data copy by reusing the backup data. Also, our on-line scaling operation can be processed parallel by selecting adequate nodes as new node. Our performance study shows that our method results in significant reduction in data copy time.     

An improved R-tree based on childnode''s probability

R-Tree is a good structure for spatial searching. But in this indexing structure,either the sequence of nodes in the same level or sequence of traveling these nodes when queries are made is random. Since the possibility that the object appears in different MBR which have the same parents node is different, if we make the subnode who has the most possibility be traveled first, the time cost will be decreased in most of the cases. In some case, the possibility of a point belong to a rectangle will shows direct proportion with the size of the rectangle. But this conclusion is based on an assumption that the objects are symmetrically distributing in the area and this assumption is not always coming into existence. Now we found a more direct parameter to scale the possibility and made a little change on the structure of R-tree, to increase the possibility of founding the satisfying answer in the front sub trees. We names this structure probability based arranged R-tree (PBAR-tree).     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Integrating GIS Web services based on mediating architecture

The geographic information service is enabled by the advancements in general Web service technology and the focused efforts of the OGC in defining XML-based Web GIS service. Based on these models, this paper addresses the issue of services chaining,the process of combining or pipelining results from several interoperable GIS Web Services to create a customized solution. This paper presents a mediated chaining architecture in which a specific service takes responsibility for performing the process that describes a service chain. We designed the Spatial Information Process Language (SIPL) for dynamic modeling and describing the service chain, also a prototype of the Spatial Information Process Execution Engine (SIPEE) is implemented for executing processes written in SIPL. Discussion of measures to improve the functionality and performance of such system will be included.