日本落叶松纸浆物理性能的研究

对日本落叶松不同树龄纸浆物理性能进行了研究,并对KP浆和AS AQ浆的未漂浆和漂白浆的强度进行了比较分析。结果表明:树龄对日本落叶松KP浆和AS AQ浆的物理性能有一定的影响。日本落叶松KP未漂浆的物理性能接近针叶木硫酸盐未漂浆国家标准B等,漂白浆的强度达到了漂白硫酸盐针叶木浆的国家标准A等。日本落叶松AS AQ浆(包括未漂浆和漂白浆)的物理性能达到了亚硫酸盐针叶木浆的国家标准A等;浆的抗张指数、裂断长、耐折度和耐破指数都要好于KP浆,但是在撕裂指数上KP浆要优于AS AQ浆。     

意大利杨木制浆造纸性能的研究——碱性亚硫酸钠-蒽醌法

<正>一、前言 碱性亚硫酸钠制浆方法使用氢氧化钠和亚硫酸钠为蒸煮液。其优点是:纸浆得率高,易漂白,纸浆的强度性能与硫酸盐浆相接近,并且不会产生硫酸盐蒸煮及回收系统所散发的恶臭硫化物,等等。因此,近年来国内外采用碱性亚硫酸钠制浆方法,对针阔叶木、芦竹、麦草等进行了一些试验研究。 碱性亚硫酸钠法蒸煮温度一般要比硫酸盐法高10—15℃,化学品用量也要高20％(或者蒸煮时间延长5倍)。最近发现,蒽醌在碱性亚硫酸钠法蒸煮中具有加速脱木素催化作用,因此,上述缺点可以通过添加蒽醌来弥补。 本试验以意大利杨木为原料,研究了碱性亚硫酸钠一蒽醌法制浆条件及其对浆质量和得率的影响规律。     

蔗渣浆的压力过氧化氢漂白

对烧碱-蒽醌(Soda-AQ)法蔗渣浆分别进行了螯合预处理(Q)和常压过氧化氢(P)、压力过氧化氢(PO)漂白的研究,探讨了单段PO漂白蔗渣浆的可行性.正交试验结果表明,PO漂白蔗渣浆优化的漂白条件为漂白温度100℃、时间80min、压力0.6MPa、NaOH用量0.4%.PO漂白浆的白度较高,达84.0%ISO,特性黏度为825.3mL/g,比QP漂白浆的白度高9.9%ISO;PO漂白浆的物理强度性能也较好,浆料的抗张指数为66.67N.m/g,撕裂指数为9.34mN.m2/g,耐破指数为4.31 kPa.m2/g,耐折度为39次.PO漂白废水的化学耗氧量、生化耗氧量及色度较低,漂白废水可全部逆流回用,大大减少了污染排放.     

麦草碱—乙醇浆性能的初步研究

对纤维分离点处的麦草碱—乙醇浆,麦草苛性钠浆的打浆性能和纸页物理性能的比较发现:麦草碱—乙醇浆得率高12%(绝对值)左右,浆料易打浆,但相同打浆度下,纸页抗撕裂性能较差、脆裂度较大。脱除其部分残余木素后纸页性能得到改善。不论何种浆,打浆过程中纤维形态结构以及纤维的超分子结构的变化都较大地影响纸页的脆性。     

ON THE BLACK LIQUOR AND RECYCLE COOKING OF AS-AQ STRAW PULP

1.INTRODUCTIONAs a kind of agriculture residues, straw occupies an important status in the non-wood papermaking material in China. Straw is herbaceous plant yearly, and composed with successive and organized cell groups that is similar with others plants. The construction of straw fiber has three obvious layers and the sequence is lamella, primary wall and second wall. Because the organization is loosen andporous, the lignin content is lower and the cooking liquor is easer to penetrate so…     

ALKALINE PULP OF CORN STALKS

Pulping of corn stalks was studied in soda,soda-anthraquinone (AQ), kraft and kraft-AQ processes. The time, temperature and alkali concentration were varied in soda process. In respect to kappa number and pulp yield, 1 hour cooking at 1400C in 14% alkali were best conditions for corn stalks pulping. Pulp yield was increased by 5.5% and kappa number was reduced by 4.4 points with an addition of 0.05% AQ in the soda liquor. Breaking length was better in soda-AQ process than soda process but tear strength was inferior. In the kraft process, pulp yield was increased with increasing sulphidity and decreasing active alkali. The effectiveness of AQ in the low and high sulphidity kraft process was studied. Results showed that AQ was more effective in low sulphidity than high sulphidity. Strength properties in kraft processes were better than the soda and soda-AQ processes.     

脱乙酰几丁对改善包装纸物理性能的试验

<正> 一、前言 脱乙酸几丁(Chitosan,以下简称脱丁)是一种线性的高分子物质,它具有近似β-1-4型的纤维素结构。脱丁可以从几丁(chitin)中得到,几丁在虾或蟹的硬外壳成份中约占60～70％。虾、蟹等甲壳原料进行水洗和化学处理制得几丁。然后,几丁在碱性条件下加热得到脱丁。脱丁再通过机械和化学处理,制成以酸为分散介质的胶体溶液。 有关脱丁在造纸生产中的应用,早在70年代由Allan和Reif等进行了大量的研究工作,提出在纸料中加入脱丁可以改善纸张的强度性能。但目前国内有关脱丁在造纸生产中应用的报道尚少,为了开发新助剂,我们作了一系列试验,以探索用脱丁改善纸张物理性能的工艺条件。 在抄纸过程中,脱     

桉树制浆造纸性能的研究(第二报)——雷州半岛四种桉树浆的漂白试验

<正>对柠檬桉烧碱—蒽醌浆(AP+AQ)和硫酸盐浆(KP)进行了H单段,H—H两段,C—E—H三段以及C—E—H—D四段漂白试验。对雷林一号桉、草律桉、窿缘桉硫酸盐浆还做了H单段漂白性能的对比试验。结果表明:在用氯量7％、浆浓6％,温度40℃、时间3小时的H单段漂白条件下,柠檬桉(AP+AQ)和柠檬桉(KP)的白度均可达70度以上。采用C—E—H—D四段漂,用氯量为6％,柠檬桉(AP+AQ)的白度超过80度,D.P.在800以上。四种桉树中,雷林一号桉的漂白性能最好,窿缘桉最难漂白,草律桉与柠檬桉的漂白性能相近。柠檬桉、草律桉、雷林一号桉制得的漂白浆,物理强度甚好,裂断长6060—8050米,耐折度59—413次,可以用来生产一般文化用纸,也可考虑用来生产某些高级纸张。     

STUDY ON THE ELEMENTAL CHLORINE FREE BLEACHING OF BAMBOO KRAFT PULP

1INTRODUCTIONChina is a country using the most variety of non-wood fiber raw material and is the largest country producing non-wood fiber pulp and paper in the world[1]. Bamboo is one kind of the main non-wood species for papermaking in China. Although the structure of raw materials for papermaking has being adjusted through increasing the proportion of wood pulp and by effectively utilizing waste paper source, non-wood species will still remain an important fiber resource[1,2].At present…     

SYNERGISTIC EFFECTS BETWEEN BIRCH CHEMICAL MECHANICAL PULPS AND ASPEN BLEACHED KRAFT PULP

INTRODUCTIONIn papermaking, it is very often that more than one type (or grade) of pulps are used to develop paper sheet properties necessary for both machine runnability and requirement from the end users. In many high end paper grades (e.g., various high brightness printing/writing papers), long fiber from softwood bleached kraft pulp traditionally is often used in combination with short fiber from hardwood bleached kraft pulp (HBKP). In this combination, the long fiber component provi…     

增加羧基含量对纸张回收性能的影响

采用2,2,6,6-四甲基哌啶—1—氧自由基(TEMPO)为介质的氧化法氧化浆料和纸张回收一次的浆料,研究浆料氧化后对纸张性能、回收纸性能的影响。研究结果表明氧化法可提高纸浆的羧基含量,降低回收纤维的角质化,当氧化时间为20m in时,回收纸的性能最佳,与未氧化浆料的回收纸相比,紧度提高23.0%,抗张指数提高96.4%,耐破指数提高93.1%,耐折度提高333.3%,撕裂指数降低7%。电镜分析表明氧化浆料抄成的纸经一次回收后,纸张表面纤维的结合比未氧化浆料的回收纸张结合紧密。     

耐热木聚糖酶助漂针叶木硫酸盐浆的研究

探讨了嗜热真菌耐热木聚糖酶助漂针叶木硫酸盐浆的应用前景.着重研究了应用耐热木聚糖酶进行生物助漂的酶用量、酶处理的pH值以及漂白用氯量等影响因素.结果表明,在不影响纸浆的各项性能的情况下,经酶处理的纸浆白度相比对照增加1.06%~5.11%ISO.同时,酶处理纸浆漂白时可减少漂白用氯量.另外,在偏碱性条件下进行酶处理对纸浆漂白效果的影响较为显著.纸浆纤维的扫描电镜结果显示,酶未对纤维造成损伤,而是改善了纸浆纤维的可漂性.该耐热木聚糖酶非常适宜应用于酶助漂.     

A NEW FAST-GROWING RAW MATERIAL FOR PULP PAPERMAKING-GUANGYECHU

A new pulp papermaking raw material, Guangyechu,is introduced in this paper, including material characteristics and ultilization of bast, wood pole and leaf. The fiber morphological characteristics,chemical composition of wood pole and feasibility of pulping and papermaking by APMP process are studied in the laboratory. The results show that wood pole can be put to use in papermaking industry. The APMP pulp is produced using 5.2% sodium hydroxide and 5.0% hydrogen peroxide. The novel technology has offered breaking length of 4.74km,tearing index 3.08mN @m2 @g-1, brightness of 71.6%ISO, bursting index 2.07 KPa@m2@ g-1, opacity 84.5%and yield of 75.7%. As a pulp for newsprint, offset point paper and information paper, the Guangyechu APMP shows its advantages both quality and cost-efficienty. It is significative to apply the pole of Guangyechu, which is only firing at present to the paper industry.     

不同种源幼龄马尾松制浆适应性的研究

为适应短周期工业材制化学浆的需要，测定了１１年生马尾松的纤维形态、化学组成；研究了硫酸盐法蒸煮特性、漂白性能和强度性能，并和３０年生成熟马尾松相对照。结果表明：不同种源的１１年生幼龄马尾松的制浆性能比３０年生的虽差些，在漂白性能、打浆性能方面又稍优于后者。所以采用幼龄马尾松制浆造纸还是可行的。     

活化剂在麦草硫酸盐浆中无氯和少氯漂白中的应用

在麦草ＫＰ浆的无氯和少氯漂白程序中使用活化剂,可促进脱木素作用并提高浆的白度。在氧脱木素前用ＮＯ２,硫酸和过氧酸进行预处理比较,以ＮＯ２效果最佳。ＮＯ２用量２％,处理后浆的卡伯值比未处理降低了６％,白度提高４％,粘度只下降１．６％。在Ｄ／ＣＥＤＤ漂白程序中,漂前用对有效氯用量８％的Ｓ１２预处理,白度提高２．３％ＩＳＤ,粘度基本无变化;活化剂ＴＡ用于ＮＯＰ三段漂的Ｐ段,用量４％（对浆）,可提高白度４．３％ＩＳＯ,粘度也有明显提高。本试验采用ＧＯＰＡＰＴＡ无氯漂白程序,可使麦草ｋｐ浆漂后白度达８０％ＩＳＯ,但粘度下降较大     

纤维细胞充填技术在机械浆中的应用

分析了浆浓、转速、CO2气体压力、反应时间对机械浆纤维细胞充填效果的影响。比较了漂白化学热磨机械浆(BCTMP)和杨木碱性过氧化氢机械浆(APMP)的纤维细胞充填效果。结果表明：转速是影响机械浆纤维细胞充填效果的关键因素。纤维细胞充填技术应用于机械浆是可行的,与直接加填相比,当BCTMP成纸内聚力提高1786%、裂断长提高42.86%、耐破度提高42%时,灰分同时提高2.05%;当APMP成纸内聚力分别提高21.31%、6.56%和1.64%,裂断长分别提高69.18%、77.40%和7534%,耐破度分别提高18.18%、22.73%和25%时,灰分分别提高9.62%、10.58%和1.68%。APMP的纤维细胞充填效果较BCTMP的效果更好。     

REFINING BEHAVIOR OF BAMBOO LONG FIBER FRACTION PULP

Refining of pulp significantly contributes to papermaking process by affecting the runnability of the stock and quality of end product. The greater the production rates of a paper, the greater are the effects of machine downtime through breaks. A correct approach towards refining treatment is very essential for energy savings and product with desired properties. Papermakers are being encouraged to use non-wood fibres for a variety of reasons - the environment, changing agricultural policy and long-term fibre supply. Compared with wood fibres,there is less knowledge on how to treat non-wood fibres for optimum performance. Laboratory studies aimed at understanding the behaviour of unbleached bamboo long fibre fraction pulp on refining in Escher Wyss Laborefiner under simulated process conditions included investigations of the important parameters like wet web tensile, wet web elongation, water retention value and paper strength properties. The paper describes the influence of two specific edge loads, 1000 and 1500 Ws/km on refining of pulp.Bamboo long fibre fraction pulp responds better to lower intensity refining to develop pulp strength.     

REFINING BEHAVIOUR OF BAMBOO LONG FIBRE FRACTION PULP

The strength properties of a sheet of paper depend on the original qualities and strength of the fibres and to the extent of bonding between the fibres that make up the sheet. A paper sheet made from virgin pulp without beating/refining is characterized by low strength, bulkiness and rough surface. These undesirable characteristics can be changed to a large extent by treating the pulp mechanically. This mechanical treatment of fibres in water is termed beating/refining. The refining of any fib…     

PREPARATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF MODIFIED STARCH-BASED BIODEGRADABLE MATERIALS REINFORCED WITH PULP FIBER

INTRODUCTIONThe developments of environmentally friendly polymeric are classified into two categories: the degradable synthetic polymers (PCL [1- 2], PLA and PVA [3], etc.) and the renewable natural polymers (chitin, pectin, cellulose [4-7] and starch [8], etc.) Among these, starch has been considered for many years as a polymer with a high potential for packaging application because of low cost, renewability and biodegradability. It usually has two major components and appears as a mi…     

PREPARATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF MODIFIED STARCH-BASED BIODEGRADABLE MATERIALS EINFORCED WITH PULP FIBER

Native com starch and hydroxypropyl starch (HPS)based plastic films were prepared using the short pulp fiber as reinforcement and the glycerol as the plasticizer. The results of tensile test showed that the tensile strength and the elongation at break increased with the pulp contents. With the glycerol contents,the elongation at break increased considerably, but the tensile strength decreased. The water uptake of the films decreased with the pulp contents and hydroxypropylation, but increased with the glycerol contents. So it is concluded that the films was reinforced by pulp fiber and hydroxypropylation.