SYNERGISTIC EFFECTS BETWEEN BIRCH CHEMICAL MECHANICAL PULPS AND ASPEN BLEACHED KRAFT PULP

INTRODUCTIONIn papermaking, it is very often that more than one type (or grade) of pulps are used to develop paper sheet properties necessary for both machine runnability and requirement from the end users. In many high end paper grades (e.g., various high brightness printing/writing papers), long fiber from softwood bleached kraft pulp traditionally is often used in combination with short fiber from hardwood bleached kraft pulp (HBKP). In this combination, the long fiber component provi…     

改性硅灰石在新闻纸造纸业中的双重环境效应

介绍了一种新型矿物填料——改性硅灰石在新闻纸中的应用。样品采自云南省腾冲县，加工成1250目的超细纤维，其长径比为15左右，经化学改性处理，添加到脱墨纸浆中制作新闻纸。实验室手抄片和工业试验结果表明，改性硅灰石能极大地改善再生新闻纸的白度、不透明度和适印性。加入有10％～15％改性硅灰石的新闻纸(定量44～47g／m^2)具有高白度(58％～60％)、高强度(裂断长3800～4000m)和高不透明度(95％～97％)，属高质量新闻纸。另一方面，由于改性硅灰石具有对油墨粒子、细小纤维和有机物有良好的吸附性，添加改性硅灰石的新闻纸在造纸过程中排出的废水易于处理，废水经简单沉淀后所含BOD和COD，以及重金属元素含量极低，达到综合排放国家一级标准。改性硅灰石在造纸业方面显现出保护森林和水体的双重环境效应，是造纸业中一种性能优秀的新型功能填料。     

P-RC APMP PULPING OF THE TRIPLOID OF POPULUS TOMENTOSA

The technology parameters of P-RC APMP process of the triploid of populus tomentosa and the the comparison of P-RC APMP with one and two stage f pretreatment were investigated in this paper. The results showed that in the chemical pretreatment the s that affected the pulp qualities. The charge of NaOH,y in the first stage of chemical pretreatment,was related to pulp strength. The charge of H2O2 tant pulp.In addition, the ratio of NaOH to H2O2 and the on of chemicals in the first and second stage of impregnation also affected the pulp qualities. The and two-stage P-RC APMP pulp illustrated that the ulp had better brightness and breaking length, lower light scatting coefficient and opacity.     

意大利杨木制浆造纸性能的研究——硫酸盐-蒽醌法和烧碱-蒽醌法

<正> 目前,造纸原料已成为阻碍造纸工业发展的重要问题之一。这使得人们将注意力从针叶材逐渐转向阔叶材,转向速生杨树和桉树。在意大利杨木Ⅰ-214、Ⅰ-72、Ⅰ-63、Ⅰ-69的研究中,除Ⅰ-214得到有关国家的广泛引种和利用外,其他三种杨木作为造纸原料,仍处于试验阶段,而Ⅰ-214的利用在国外也仅限于制造机械浆和化学机械浆,化学浆的研究工作迄今尚无报道。我国从七十年代开始由国外引种了几种意大利杨,北京造纸所于一九七六年曾对最先引进的Ⅰ-214的制浆造纸性能进行了研究,证明Ⅰ-214杨为优良造纸用材,但对其他三种材种还缺乏系统深入的研究。 我们在对四种意大利杨的化学组成和纤维形态进行研究的基础上,着重进行了硫酸盐法、烧碱-蒽醌法、硫酸盐-蒽醌法和碱性亚硫酸盐法制取化学浆的试验研究,比较了四种速生杨木对制取化学浆的适应性。本文主要对烧碱-蒽醌法代替硫酸盐法的可能性和蒽醌在杨木硫酸盐法、烧碱法制浆中的作用以及四种意大利杨对碱法制浆的适应性进行了探讨。     

菠萝叶碱法制浆及漂白工艺的研究

研究了菠萝叶的纤维形态及化学成分,比较了菠萝叶的硫酸盐法和烧碱法制浆工艺,同时探讨了浆料的漂白性能．试验结果表明,菠萝叶是一种良好的长纤维造纸原料,其碱法浆性能好,利用次氯酸盐二段漂白可使浆的白度达到７０％．     

THE INDUSTRIAL UTILIZATION OF CHEMICAL MODIFIED AGRICULTURAL RESIDUES

INTRODUCTIONToday, the world's industry is utilizing less than 10% of biomass of raw materials from plantation [1]. Agricultural residues, such as cereal straws are important and abundant renewable organic resources of energy and production of a diversity of chemicals, including ethanol production [2], activated carbon [3] and ion exchangers [4]. Many other applications for Cereal straws are in the process of being developed.In china, wheat, maize and sorghum are the three major crops, w…     

STUDY ON FORMAMIDINE SULPHINIC ACID BLEACHING OF POPLAR APMP

Bleaching of poplar APMP with Formamidine sulphinic acid (FAS) was investigated in this paper.The effects of FAS charges, ratio of treatment on the brightness gain, color reduction and pulp strength were studied. A single-stage FAS bleaching was optimized. Under the conditions of 10 % pulp consistency, 60 minutes time and 70℃ reaction temperature and 0.6 %, FAS (on 0.d.pulp), ratio of FAS to NaOH was 2, we produced a bleached pulp with a brightness of 62.3 %(SBD), a brightness gain of 9.2 units.     

REFINING BEHAVIOR OF BAMBOO LONG FIBER FRACTION PULP

Refining of pulp significantly contributes to papermaking process by affecting the runnability of the stock and quality of end product. The greater the production rates of a paper, the greater are the effects of machine downtime through breaks. A correct approach towards refining treatment is very essential for energy savings and product with desired properties. Papermakers are being encouraged to use non-wood fibres for a variety of reasons - the environment, changing agricultural policy and long-term fibre supply. Compared with wood fibres,there is less knowledge on how to treat non-wood fibres for optimum performance. Laboratory studies aimed at understanding the behaviour of unbleached bamboo long fibre fraction pulp on refining in Escher Wyss Laborefiner under simulated process conditions included investigations of the important parameters like wet web tensile, wet web elongation, water retention value and paper strength properties. The paper describes the influence of two specific edge loads, 1000 and 1500 Ws/km on refining of pulp.Bamboo long fibre fraction pulp responds better to lower intensity refining to develop pulp strength.     

非木纤维纸浆的抄造性能研究

非木纤维纸浆的抄造特性，是制约进一步开发利用非木纤维资源制浆造纸的原因之一．本研究以红麻杆、甘蔗渣、毛竹和芦苇等非木纤维原料为研究对象，从湿纸幅强度、湿纸幅粘附力和纸浆滤水性能等三个方面，较全面地分析了非木纤维纸浆的抄造特性；提出了用Ａ／Ｓ比概念描述湿纸幅特性的新观点，并对用ＳＦＲ和ＤＡＳ指数等描述纸浆的滤水性能进行了探讨．     

红麻全杆制浆工艺的探讨

红麻kenaf(学名HibiscusCannabinnsL),又名洋麻、野麻、槿麻等,属双子叶植物纲锦葵科木槿属植物[4]。过去红麻作为造纸纤维原料没有能够引起人们的足够重视。近年来,随着世界范围的木材产量大幅度减少和纸的品种范围扩大,木材制浆,特别是针叶木制浆巳远远不能满足日益增长的造纸工业需求,红麻作为一种潜在的制浆造纸原料已越来越引起人们的广泛重视。美国、日本、巴西、印度等国在开发和研究红麻全杆制浆造纸方面做了大量工作。所谓全杆麻,是指韧皮部和木质(芯)部未经分离的麻类原料的全部[4]。研究结果表明,除撕裂度外,红麻硫酸盐桨几乎可以和针叶木硫酸盐浆媲美,很多方面甚至好于阔叶木硫酸盐浆,是一种具有广阔发展前景的制浆造纸原料。     

REFINING BEHAVIOUR OF BAMBOO LONG FIBRE FRACTION PULP

The strength properties of a sheet of paper depend on the original qualities and strength of the fibres and to the extent of bonding between the fibres that make up the sheet. A paper sheet made from virgin pulp without beating/refining is characterized by low strength, bulkiness and rough surface. These undesirable characteristics can be changed to a large extent by treating the pulp mechanically. This mechanical treatment of fibres in water is termed beating/refining. The refining of any fib…     

纸浆纤维对钙离子吸附行为及机理

以去金属离子处理后的漂白硫酸盐桉木浆及针叶木浆为原料,研究纸浆纤维对Ca2+的吸附动力学及影响吸附的因素。结果表明:Ca2+初始浓度较低时,漂白化学木浆对Ca2+的吸附能力随着Ca2+初始浓度的增加而快速提高。Ca2+初始浓度0.471 7 mmol/L时,阔叶木浆达到饱和吸附,吸附量为0.016 0 mmol/g;针叶木浆在Ca2+初始浓度为0.220 1 mmol/L时就达到饱和吸附,吸附量为0.008 4 mmol/g,吸附能力与针阔叶浆各自所带羧基量一致。在pH 7.5、温度25℃条件下,符合Langmuir方程等温吸附线,且纸浆对Ca2+的吸附为单分子吸附。Ca2+浓度和pH的升高将使纸浆纤维对Ca2+的吸附能力提高,阔叶木浆和针叶木浆中Ca2+加入量为0.035 6和0.016 5 mmol/g时,木浆达到饱和吸附。pH超过7,纸浆表面游离羧基将完全被Ca2+吸附;纸浆纤维对Ca2+的吸附属放热吸附,提高温度将会降低纸浆纤维对Ca2+的吸附量。     

SOURCE, FORMATION,POLLUTION AND ITS COUNTERMEASURE OF DIOXIN IN PAPERMAKING INDUSTRY

INTRODUCTIONDioxin is an appellation for a series of organic compounds containing chlorine one or two benzene rings [1]. Because the substituted position of chlorine atom is different between 1 and 9, 75 kinds of isomers of PCDD(polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins)and 135 kinds of PCDF(polychlorinated dibenzofurans)are composed, which are generally entitled as dioxin. Among these isomers, there are 17 kinds (position 2, 3, 7, 8 replaced by chlorine atoms) are considered to be the most ha…     

Mechanical Properties of Nonwoven Wiping Material with Different Spunlace Processes

A new wiping material made through wet-laid and aquajet-spunlace nonwoven technology has been developed,which is composed of wood pulp and viscose staple fibers.The aim of this paper is to analyze the microstructures of wet-laid and aquajetspunlace material and wet-laid preliminary spunlace material,and elucidate the stretching and bending mechanism of machine direction(MD) and cross-machine direction(CD).The results suggest that composite material is mainly formed by wood pulps,while viscose fibers serve as the reinforcement.Meanwhile,spunlacing improves the entanglement and cohesion between wood pulp and viscose staple fibers.In spite of the slight loss in breaking strength,fluffiness,hand feeling and elongation of the material after spunlacing have been improved significantly.     

云南元阳纸厂手工竹纸制作工艺调查

文章对云南元阳纸厂手工竹纸制作工艺进行了调查,其制浆分流系统、可拆卸式纸槽在云南手工纸调查中属首次发现.由于该手工竹纸主要用于祭祀,又有机制纸的竞争,从事手工竹纸生产利润不高;而生产手工竹纸劳动强度又大,且近年来竹子又较缺乏,造纸人数越来越少,其传承与保护面临着非常大的挑战.调查组认为相关部门应尽快系统、深入挖掘并记录元阳纸厂手工竹纸的相关历史、技艺及其演变、文化,同时应该将其与梯田文化有机结合起来,弘扬手工竹纸的文化内涵,有可能使得这一文化遗产获得新生.     

短周期湿地松纸浆材林的优化经营调控研究

研究确定了短周期湿地松纸浆材林的最适立地条件为16指数级以上,最佳主伐年龄为10～12 a,最适经营密度模型为n=23 360.6/d.以荻取最大树干生物量为经营调控目标,采用动态规划法进行短周期湿地松纸浆材林的优化经营调控,并依据调控结果编制了模式林分的生长过程表和优化经营调控表,以期为湿地松纸浆材林的经营管理提供科学的参考依据.     

4种竹材硫酸盐浆与马尾松木浆配抄纸袋纸和牛皮纸

对4种竹材硫酸盐浆与马尾松木浆配抄纸袋纸和牛皮纸进行了研究和比较。结果表明，慈竹最容易蒸煮而且纸浆得率和强度最高，桉竹次之，甜竹不如桉竹，麻竹最差。当竹浆配入量为20%时，慈竹浆和桉竹浆配抄的纸袋纸的强度比甜竹浆和麻竹浆配抄的纸袋纸高，其某些强度甚至比100%马尾松木浆抄造的纸袋纸还高；慈竹浆配抄的牛皮纸的各项强度较桉竹浆配抄的牛皮纸高，甚至超过100%马尾松木浆抄造的牛皮纸。     

EVALUATION OF SAMAAR MORR (JUNCUS ACUTUS) PLANT AS RAW MATERIAL FOR PAPER MAKING

The potential use of Samaar Morr (JUNCUS A CUTUS) plant as fibrous material in papermaking was evaluated in this study. The chemical analysis and fibre charactersitcs of this plant were determined for better understanding its behaviour in papermaking. Samaar morr stalks were subjected to sulfur-free three-stage (peroxyformic acid, formic acid, peroxyformic acid) Milox process. Some conventional pulping experiments such as soda,soda-anthraquinon (S-AQ), kraft and kraft-AQ pulping in addition to two- and one-stage peroxyformic acid pulping were also carried out for comparison with the three-stage peroxyformic acid pulping method. It was found that the pulping with Milox process produces pulp with good properties compared to the pulp produced from the other methods. The physical and optical properties of different pulps were also examined. The behaviour of Milox samaar morr pulp towards bleaching with alkaline hydrogen peroxide has been investigated in presence and absence of formic acid. The results showed that the final brightness about 81.5% ISO could be achieved after 3% peroxide in two bleaching steps with formic acid treatment between the two steps.     

硫酸盐木浆漂白前木聚糖酶预处理的研究

研究了木聚糖酶用于硫酸盐木浆 H2 O2 漂白前预处理的工艺条件 ,结果表明 ,预处理最佳工艺条件为 :酶用量为每克浆 2 0 IU ,时间 3h,浆浓为 6 %。在相同的 H2 O2 漂白条件下 ,经酶处理后的浆料白度可提高 2 %～ 3% SBD。     

EFFECT OF NaOH CHARGE ON FIBER CHARACTERISTICS OF P-RC APMP PULP

Fiber screen analysis, fiber quality analysis and SEM observation were used to investigate the effects of NaOH charge on fiber characteristics in Triploid Populus Tomentosa P-RC APMP pulping in this paper. The results showed that increasing NaOH charge in P-RC APMP process could reduce energy consumption and fines percent, increase the mean fiber length and long fiber percent and make the curl index and kink index of fiber ascend. The results from SEM observation illustrated that the fiber with high NaOH charge had higher softness degree, better cutting resistant ability and better inter-fiber bonding ability. With increasing of NaOH charge, the surface of handsheets became more and more smooth, and there were less and less gaps and holes on the paper surface.