纳米钡铁氧体的柠檬酸盐法制备与吸波性能

采用柠檬酸盐溶胶-凝胶法制备钡铁氧体.试验表明:缓慢加热至650℃,即得到结晶良好的六角磁铅型晶体BaFe12O19针状纳米颗粒,粒径50 nm,同时伴生有尖晶石型γ-Fe2O3,BaFe2O4及α-Fe2O3相;加热温度升高,BaFe12O19相增多,伴生相减少;至800℃,基本为钡铁氧体BaFe12O19晶体;快速加热至800℃,固相反应产物仍为BaFe12O19,但晶体颗粒粗大.在所试验的1-6 GHz范围内,钡铁氧体吸波性能随着微波频率的增高而加强,最佳吸波频率在6 GHz以上.     

柠檬酸溶胶凝胶法合成BaAl_(12-x)O_(19)∶Mn_x荧光粉

以AlCl3·6H2O,BaCO3和MnCO3为原料,分别溶于去离子水和柠檬酸中,采用溶胶凝胶法合成了BaAl12xO19∶Mnx荧光粉。IR分析表明,干凝胶具有柠檬酸盐结构。XRD分析表明,1200℃煅烧,粉末中的主要成分为BaAl2O4,1400℃煅烧,粉末为BaAl12xO19∶Mnx和BaAl2O4的混合物,此时仍残余部分BaAl2O4,1500℃煅烧能合成单相BaAl12xO19∶Mnx,相对于传统的高温固相合成法降低100～300℃。SEM分析表明,晶粒较小且具有片状结构。碱土金属离子Mg2+,Ca2+和Sr2+的掺杂对BaAlO∶Mn荧光粉的发光性能有一定的影响。     

M型钡铁氧体的制备及其吸波性能表征

采用溶胶凝胶自蔓延合成工艺制备了六角晶系M型钡铁氧体微粉BaFe12O19.用X射线衍射仪,振动样品磁强计和矢量网络分析仪对粉末的结构、磁性能以及电磁波吸收性能进行了表征.结果表明,BaFe12O19既能产生磁损耗,又能产生介电损耗,是一种宽频微波吸收材料.     

尖晶石型MAl2O4(M=Ni、Mg)纳米粉体的溶胶凝胶法制备及表征

采用溶胶-凝胶法合成了MAl2O4（M=Ni、Mg）尖晶石纳米粉体，无水乙醇溶解摩尔比nM（NO3）2∶nM（NO3）3=1 ∶ 2，草酸作络合剂，加热搅拌得到湿凝胶，继续干燥得到干凝胶，随后对于凝胶在不同温度下进行焙烧，得到了粉体状产物．用TG、DSC技术对前躯体干凝胶进行热分析，对煅烧粉末进行了XRD、TEM表征，并考察了煅烧温度对MAl2O4晶化程度的影响．实验结果表明：该方法制备单相且晶化程度较高的尖晶石型MAl2O4纳米粉体所需温度为800℃，比微波反应法合成温度降低200℃，比铝单醇盐Sol-Gel法降低100℃．     

船舶尾气中NO臭氧氧化研究——反应温度和尾气中碳氢化合物含量的影响

用管式反应器试验研究了反应温度和[O3]/[NO]对臭氧氧化NO的影响。结果表明,O3/N2/O2体系在常温、200℃和275℃下均不发生反应,N2不能被O3氧化;在O3/NO/N2/O2体系中,NO主要氧化为NO2,当[O3]/[NO]=1,反应温度分别为常温和200℃时,NO氧化率都达到100%,而在275℃时,NO氧化率只有72%,表明反应温度影响显著,原因主要与较高温度下O3分解加快有关。O3在不同温度下的分解试验发现,O3在常温下分解很慢;200℃时分解加快,在反应器中停留9s时,O3的分解率为59%,而275℃时分解更快,在反应器中停留9s时,O3的分解率为80%。NO的氧化率与[O3]/[NO]成线形相关,C2H4对NO氧化成NO2有促进作用。在[O3]/[NO]=0.6,反应温度分别为常温、200℃和275℃时,加入400×10-6C2H4,NO氧化率率由61%、62.6%和38.5%分别提高到63.8%、63%和41%。C2H4的促进机理,可能是O3与C2H4发生一系列反应生成强氧化性的过氧自由基CH3O2和HO2,这些自由基参与了NO的氧化反应。     

铁酸钡复合超细微粒的制备和性能研究

以FeCl3·6H2 O、FeSO4·7H2 O和BaCl2 ·2H2 O为原料 ,采用固相反应法和微乳液 -沉淀法制备铁酸钡超细微粒。并进行了XRD、TEM、IR分析和磁化率的测定 ,结果表明 ,微粒的主要成分为α 型BaFe2 O4,平均粒径分别约为 2 38nm和 2 5 5nm ,单个微粒的粒径分别约为 3 1 4nm和2 65nm ,每个复合微粒中分别含有 72和 1 34个铁酸钡粒子 ;磁化率的大小随磁场强度、灼烧温度的增加而增大。     

镧掺杂铁酸铋纳米线的溶胶凝胶氧化铝模板法制备

以Bi(NO3)3·5H2O、Fe(NO3)3·9H2O和La(NO3)3·6H2O为原料,乙二醇甲醚[2-methoxyethanol,C3H8O2]为溶剂,冰乙酸[C2H4O2]为络合剂,采用溶胶凝胶氧化铝模板法在600℃退火制备了Bi0·85La0·15FeO3(BLFO)纳米线.利用X射线(XRD)和扫描电子显微镜(SEM)研究了产物的物相和形貌.结果表明合成的产物为BLFO纳米线,直径约100-200 nm,长度约5-50μm.不同退火温度XRD研究表明600℃制备了纯相BLFO,低于文献报道的铁酸铋纳米结构合成温度.     

水热法制备碳纳米管/钡铁氧体复合材料

采用水热合成法对碳纳米管(CNTs)进行酸化处理,并且合成钡铁氧体包覆CNTs的新型纳米复合材料,使用红外光谱仪(FT-IR)对酸化CNTs的表面官能团进行表征,使用X线衍射仪(XRD)与扫描电子显微镜(SEM)对复合材料的物相和形貌进行表征。结果表明:60℃水热法酸化能有效地除去CNTs中的无定形杂质,并在表面引入大量极性基团;在200℃下,Ba2+与Fe3+摩尔比在3∶12和4∶12时,水热合成了结晶程度较高的BaFe12O19/CNTs复合材料,CNTs表面均匀地覆盖了一层BaFe12O19;随着反应体系中Ba2+比例的升高,BaFe12O19的结晶程度有相应提高。     

pH值和煅烧温度对莫来石生成的影响

以溶胶凝胶法为基础,采用正硅酸乙酯(C8H20O4Si)、硝酸铝(Al(NO3)3·9H2O)为主要原料,借助X射线衍射仪进行检测,系统研究了pH值、煅烧温度对生成3∶2型莫来石以及生成过程的影响。结果表明：莫来石凝胶介于单相凝胶和双相凝胶的混合尺度,pH值在4~10范围内均可生成莫来石,煅烧温度为1175 ℃时出现明显的莫来石化;pH=4时,不利于无定形硅的转化;在pH值为5~9范围、煅烧温度1200 ℃时完全莫来石化,且生成的莫来石结晶度总体变小,晶胞参数上下波动。莫来石的生成经历了无定形硅和铝的氧化物到铝硅尖晶石再到莫来石的过程。     

稀土钕掺杂六方锶铁氧体纳米粉体的制备与分析

以Sr(NO3)2、Fe(NO3)3·9H2O、Nd2O3为原料,以柠檬酸为络合剂,采用溶胶-凝胶自蔓延燃烧合成法,并在空气气氛中焙烧,得到稀土钕掺杂六方锶铁氧体(SrNdxFe12-xO19,x=0～1.0)纳米粉体.用X射线衍射对所得粉体进行分析,计算了钕掺杂不同量时SrNdxFe12-xO19粉体的晶格常数、晶体密度和晶粒尺寸.结果表明:焙烧温度高于850 ℃时可形成六方磁铅石型SrNdxFe12-xO19纳米粉体. 随着稀土Nd掺杂量的增加,六方锶铁氧体晶轴比c/a下降,晶体密度近似线性增大,晶粒尺寸保持在20 nm～50 nm范围,并且表现出逐渐减小的趋势.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Jane Eyre——A Feminist In The 19th Century

In the 19th century the society was controlled by men, and women were just appendants of them, they had not any rights and freedom. But Jane was an exception, she showed some characteristics of early feminist. Jane showed her characteristics of feminism in three aspects: rebellion, equality, and independence. These characteristics were helpful to her success, and feminism is the only way out for women of that time.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-