固碳矿物-片钠铝石的最佳水热合成条件

采用化学试剂水热法来合成片钠铝石,考察片钠铝石的最佳人工合成条件。结果表明：当pH为9.0～10.0、温度为120～180℃、合成时间大于12 h时,可以得到纯相的片钠铝石;晶体粒径随pH的增大逐渐增大,随温度升高先增大后减小,160℃时最大;生成片钠铝石的质量随温度和pH的升高而先增多后减少,在160℃(pH为9.5)时最多;片钠铝石的结晶首先以结晶核为中心形成球粒,进而沿一定方向聚集形成针状晶体,然后增大变为长柱状晶体,整个过程片钠铝石的结晶度逐渐变好。     

碱式氧化铝纳米晶的水热合成及表征

利用Al2O3粉末和水之间的水热反应合成了纯相-γAlOOH纳米晶.XRD、FTIR、TEM和TG-DSC等分析测试结果表明:在180℃水热反应10~24 h所得纯相-γAlOOH的形貌从开始的小方块状逐渐转变为薄片状;在200℃水热反应24h所得纯相-γAlOOH的形貌为薄片状.探讨了AlOOH纳米晶在该水热体系中的形成机理.     

Sol-gel水热偶合法制备纳米AlOOH及其表征

以AL2（SO4）3为原料，在pH值为3．5，溶胶浓度为0．3-0．5mol/L，分散剂0．3％，温度为80℃的条件下，胶溶4h，后经5h100-150℃的水热处理，制得平均粒度小于70nm的AlOOH；用TEM、X射线衍射、TG-DTA对样品进行了表征，并研究了不同介质、不同pH、不同分散剂用量对分散性能的影响。     

超细AlOOH的制备与表征

以Al2(SO4)3为原料,在pH值为3．5,溶胶浓度为0．4mol/L,加入0．3％水溶性高分子分散剂,于80度下胶溶4h,制得稳定溶胶,后经5h 100-150℃热处理,制得超细AlOOH,用差热,Zeta电势,X射线衍射,透射电子显微镜等测试手段对样品进行表征,超细AlOOH为分散均匀的似球形,平均粒度为70nm左右,还讨论了溶胶－凝胶热处理偶合法制备超细AlOOH粉末的工艺条件。     

乙醇为溶剂超临界干燥法制备纳米Al2O3

以硝酸铝为原料,柠檬酸为分散剂,无水乙醇为溶剂,采用溶胶-凝胶结合超临界干燥的方法制备了纳米AlOOH。经过500～900℃焙烧后得到纳米γ-Al₂O₃。考察了溶液pH值、硝酸铝与柠檬酸物质的量比对AlOOH粉体,以及焙烧温度对γ-Al₂O₃两者形貌和尺寸的影响。采用TEM、XRD、IR对超细粒子的粒径、形貌进行了表征。结果表明,制备溶胶时的pH值和柠檬酸的〖JP2〗加入对经超临界干燥所得的AlOOH的形貌和尺寸有明显影响。在pH=3,n(C₆H₈O₇)∶n(Al(NO₃)₃)=1∶2的条件下可得到纤维状纳米AlOOH(直径为1～10nm, 长为30～40nm)。该AlOOH经500～900℃焙烧后可得纤维状纳米γ-Al₂O₃,其直径为1～10nm,长为30～70nm。     

pH值和煅烧温度对莫来石生成的影响

以溶胶凝胶法为基础,采用正硅酸乙酯(C8H20O4Si)、硝酸铝(Al(NO3)3·9H2O)为主要原料,借助X射线衍射仪进行检测,系统研究了pH值、煅烧温度对生成3∶2型莫来石以及生成过程的影响。结果表明：莫来石凝胶介于单相凝胶和双相凝胶的混合尺度,pH值在4~10范围内均可生成莫来石,煅烧温度为1175 ℃时出现明显的莫来石化;pH=4时,不利于无定形硅的转化;在pH值为5~9范围、煅烧温度1200 ℃时完全莫来石化,且生成的莫来石结晶度总体变小,晶胞参数上下波动。莫来石的生成经历了无定形硅和铝的氧化物到铝硅尖晶石再到莫来石的过程。     

水滑石与氢氧化镁纳米晶的液相法制备及其生成机制

研究了纳米晶镁铝水滑石Mg6Al2(OH)16CO3·4H2O与 Mg(OH)2 的液相法制备及其物相变化.X射线衍射(XRD)和透射电镜(TEM)分析表明,在制备温度分别为30 ℃的低温和190 ℃的高温,可获得纯度大于99%的氢氧化镁针状纳米晶,在45~150 ℃的中间温度范围,可获得纯度大于 99%的镁铝水滑石针状纳米晶.合成温度由35 ℃提高到45 ℃时,生成物相由氢氧化镁变成镁铝水滑石相;合成温度由 170 ℃提高到190 ℃时,生成物相由镁铝水滑石相变成氢氧化镁相.提出低温时生成物的变化与瞬间生成无定形态的Mg(OH)2 有关,无定形态的Mg(OH)2 沉淀为Al13(OH)7 32 中铝离子以及CO2-3 扩散进入Mg(OH)2提供了更为有利的条件.高温时生成物的变化,是由于温度的升高,使含结晶水的镁铝水滑石纳米晶中间层中的高极性水分子堆积所要求的一定的物理条件受到破坏所致.     

机械球磨固相化学反应制备AlH_3

以LiAlH4和AlCl3为原料,采用机械球磨固相化学反应方法合成铝氢化合物,通过XRD、TG-DSC和MS等方法对反应产物进行分析和表征,研究不同球磨时间对球磨反应体系合成产物的转变规律和对产物热力学性能的影响.结果表明,随着球磨时间的增加,合成反应按3LiAlH4 AlCl3→4AlH3 3LiCl方向进行并形成了非晶态铝氢化合物(AlH3),球磨20 h时反应基本完全.球磨产物的放氢失重温度主要集中在100～200 ℃,对应的DSC曲线在135 ℃和165 ℃出现2个放热峰,随球磨时间的增加,失重量减少,最大失重质量分数达到3.5%～6.1%.球磨过程中形成的反应产物LiCl*H2O及少量AlH3发生分解是影响球磨反应产物最大失重量的主要因素.     

水热前驱体法低温合成Pb(Mg1/2W1/2)O3-PbTiO3

目的制备纯钙钛矿相的Pb(Mg1/2W1/2)O3-PbTiO3(PMW-PT)陶瓷。方法以Mg(Ac)2·4H2O,Pb(Ac)2.4H2O,Na2WO4·3H2O和Ti(OC4H9)4为原料,NaOH调节反应体系的pH值9～13,在200℃下12 h水热合成PMW-PT前驱体,通过煅烧该前驱体制备纯钙钛矿相的PMW-PT粉体。通过XRD分析研究水热处理温度、反应时间、溶液pH值以及煅烧温度对PMW-PT相和中间产物Pb2TiWO7相生成过程的影响。结果水热处理的粉体转化为钙钛矿相PMW-PT最佳煅烧温度为800℃,压片后1 000℃烧结2 h制备的PMW-PT陶瓷,介电常数为12 067(1 kHz)。结论与固相法和半化学法相比,这种方法制备的钙钛矿PMW-PT粉体在较低的温度下生成,而且陶瓷的介电常数较高。     

合成致密刚玉-莫来石-锌铝尖晶石复相材料的工艺研究

研究了合成致密刚玉-莫来石-锌铝尖晶石复相材料的工艺条件.通过XRD和SEM分析了煅烧温度与生成物相的关系,采用二步煅烧工艺研究了轻烧温度及轻烧时间对刚玉-莫来石-锌铝尖晶石复相材料的烧结性能的影响.结果发现:采用ZnO、SiO2、Al(OH)3为原料,1300℃时,系统中能够生成刚玉、莫来石、锌铝尖晶石.在轻烧温度为1300℃时,最佳的保温时间为3h,此时显气孔率达到最小,体积密度相应最大.进一步提高轻烧温度到1400℃时,有利于刚玉-莫来石-锌铝尖晶石复相材料的烧结,在此轻烧温度下,最佳的保温度为2h,此时试样的显气孔率达到最大,体积密度相应最小.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.