苯甲酸对蘑菇酪氨酸酶抑制作用机理的研究

报道了苯甲酸对蘑菇酪氨酸酶的单酚酶和二酚酶活力的影响以及抑制作用机理.研究结果表明,苯甲酸对蘑菇酪氨酸酶的单酚酶和二酚酶活性均有抑制作用,其效应为可逆抑制效应.测定导致单酚酶活力和二酚酶活力下降50%的抑制剂浓度(IC50)分别为1.20和1.00mmol/L.苯甲酸对蘑菇酪氨酸酶的单酚酶的迟滞时间有明显的延长效应,4mmol/L苯甲酸使得单酚酶的迟滞时间从42s延长到200s.测定苯甲酸对二酚酶的抑制作用表现为非竞争性抑制类型,测定抑制常数为0.95mmol/L.苯甲酸与酶的结合导致天然酶的内源荧光的量子产率下降,但荧光发射峰没有位移.作者提出抑制剂与酶分子的作用模型.     

鞣酸对蘑菇酪氨酸酶的抑制作用

酪氨酸酶是一种同时具有单酚酶和二酚酶活力的氧化酶．研究鞣酸对蘑菇酪氨酸酶活力的影响，结果表明鞣酸对蘑菇酪氮酸酶的单酚酶和二酚酶活性都有抑制作用．鞣酸对单酚酶活力的影响主要表现于它能显著延长酶作用的迟滞时间．而对稳态活力的影响不大．2．0μmol／L鞣酸可以使单酚酶的迟滞时间从104．7s延长到333．6s．增大2倍以上．而酶的稳态活力仅下降19．8％．鞣酸对二酚酶的抑制作用显示浓度效应．测定导致酶活力下降50％的抑制剂浓度（IC50）为65μmol／L．鞣酸对二酚酶的效应为可逆的竞争性的抑制．抑制常数K1为36．3μmol／L．     

桑黄素对蘑菇酪氨酸酶的抑制作用

研究桑黄素(Morin)对蘑菇酪氨酸酶单酚酶和二酚酶活力的影响和抑制效应的结果表明:桑黄素对蘑菇酪氨酸酶的单酚酶和二酚酶活性均有抑制作用;导致单酚酶活力和二酚酶活力下降50%的抑制剂浓度(IC50)分别为0.08和1.02 mmol/L;桑黄素对蘑菇酪氨酸酶的单酚酶的迟滞时间有明显的延长效应,0.175 mmol/L桑黄素使得单酚酶的迟滞时间从24 s延长到362 s,迟滞时间增加了14倍,酶的稳态活力下降了61.9%;桑黄素对二酚酶的抑制作用表现为竞争性可逆抑制作用,抑制常数为0.55 mmol/L.     

甘醇酸对蘑菇酪氨酸酶的抑制作用

在蘑菇酪氨酸酶抑制剂的筛选实验中,发现甘醇酸对蘑菇酪氨酸酶有明显的抑制作用,可以导致酪氨酸酶的单酚酶活力和二酚酶活力下降,实验结果表明,甘醇酸抑制蘑菇酪氨酸酶的单酚酶和二酚酶活力下降50%的抑制剂浓度(IC50)分别为29.74和1.80 mmol/L.对单酚酶活力的迟滞时间也有明显的延迟效应,30 mmol/L的甘醇酸可以使迟滞时间延长了250%.甘醇酸对二酚酶的抑制作用是可逆过程,抑制类型为混合型.通过动力学分析,测得甘醇酸对游离酶(E)和酶-底物络合物(ES)的抑制常数分别为0.72和5.05 mmol/L,通过研究甘醇酸对酪氨酸酶的抑制作用机理,为进一步研究设计新型酪氨酸酶抑制剂奠定基础.     

维生素B_1对蘑菇酪氨酸酶抑制作用机理的研究

报道了维生素B1对蘑菇酪氨酸酶的单酚酶和二酚酶活力的影响以及抑制作用机理.研究结果表明,维生素B1(Vit B1)对蘑菇酪氨酸酶的单酚酶和二酚酶活性均有抑制作用.测定导致单酚酶活力和二酚酶活力下降50%的抑制剂浓度(IC50)分别为15和20 mmol/L.Vit B1对蘑菇酪氨酸酶的单酚酶的迟滞时间有明显的延长效应,21 mmol/L Vit B1使得单酚酶的迟滞时间从52 s延长到277 s.Vit B1对二酚酶的抑制作用表现为竞争性抑制类型,测定抑制常数(KI)为11.7 mmol/L.     

5-甲氧基水杨醛对蘑菇酪氨酸酶的抑制作用

酪氨酸酶是生物体合成黑色素的关键酶.实验发现:5-甲氧基水杨醛对酪氨酸酶的单酚酶和二酚酶活力均有抑制作用;5-甲氧基水杨醛对酪氨酸酶单酚酶活力的影响表现为对酶稳态活力的抑制作用,和对迟滞时间的延长作用,2.0mmol/L的5-甲氧基水杨醛使得单酚酶的稳态酶活力下降68%,并使迟滞时间从107 s延长到160 s;对二酚酶的抑制作用为可逆效应,半抑制率(IC50)为2.45 mmol/L,抑制类型表现为混合型机理,其抑制常数KI和KIS分别为1.426和7.766 mmol/L.通过研究5-甲氧基水杨醛对酪氨酸酶的抑制作用机理,为进一步研究设计新型酪氨酸酶抑制剂奠定基础.     

4-氨基苯甲酸对蘑菇酪氨酸酶的抑制作用机理研究

报道了4-氨基苯甲酸(4-aminobenzoic acid)对蘑菇酪氨酸酶单酚酶和二酚酶活力的影响和抑制效应.结果表明,4-氨基苯甲酸对蘑菇酪氨酸酶的单酚酶和二酚酶活性均有抑制作用.导致单酚酶活力和二酚酶活力下降50 0%的抑制剂浓度(IC50)分别为0.35和0.30 mmol/L.4-氨基苯甲酸对单酚酶的迟滞时间有明显的延长效应,1.0 mmol/L可使单酚酶的迟滞时间从30.5 s延长到155.1 s.增加了4.4倍.4-氨基苯甲酸对二酚酶的抑制作用表现为混合型可逆抑制作用,抑制常数(Kl和Ks)分别为0.259和1.46 mmol/L.     

对氰基苯酚对蘑菇酪氨酸酶的抑制作用

报道了对氰基苯酚对蘑菇酪氨酸酶单酚酶和二酚酶活力的抑制效应.结果表明,对氰基苯酚对酪氨酸酶活性的抑制作用表现为可逆抑制作用,对酪氨酸酶的单酚酶的效应主要表现于迟滞时间有明显的延长,对稳态酶活力有显著抑制作用.0.50mmol/L对氰基苯酚使得单酚酶的迟滞时间从18s延长到80s,增大4.4倍,稳态酶活力下降80%.对氰基苯酚对二酚酶的抑制作用显示浓度关系,测定导致酶活力下降50%的抑制剂浓度(IC50)为0.80mmol/L,其抑制作用为竞争性类型,抑制常数KI为0.31mmol/L.通过研究对氰基苯酚对酪氨酸酶的抑制作用机理,试图寻找新型的有增白作用的化妆品添加剂.     

茴香醛与茴香酸对蘑菇酪氨酸酶单酚酶的抑制作用

酪氨酸酶是生物体合成黑色素的关键酶.研究了茴香醛和茴香酸对蘑菇酪氨酸酶单酚酶活力的影响和抑制作用,结果表明:茴香醛对蘑菇酪氨酸酶单酚酶活力的影响表现为对酶稳态活力的抑制作用,茴香酸除了影响酶稳态活力外对迟滞时间还有延长作用.3.0 mmol/L的茴香醛使得单酚酶的稳态酶活力下降70.5%,对迟滞时间几乎没有影响;相比之下,3.0 mmol/L的茴香酸可以使单酚酶活力下降38.8%,并使迟滞时间从114 s延长到218 s.通过研究茴香醛和茴香酸对蘑菇酪氨酸酶的抑制作用机理,为进一步研究设计新型酪氨酸酶抑制剂奠定基础.     

苯丙酸对蘑菇酪氨酸酶活力的抑制作用

酪氨酸酶(EC 1.14. 18.1)是生物黑色索形成的关键酶.该酶抑制剂在果蔬防褐变保鲜中具有重要的应用前景.在筛选酪氨酸酶活力抑制剂过程中,发现苯丙酸对蘑菇酪氨酸酶活力有明显的抑制作用,对蘑菇防止褐变具有较好的保鲜效果.报道了苯丙酸对蘑菇酪氨酸酶单酚酶活力和二酚酶活力的影响和抑制作用.结果表明,苯丙酸对蘑菇酪氨酸酶的单酚酶的效应不仅降低了酶促反应的稳定态活性,也延长了酶促反应的迟滞时间,并具有浓度依赖关系.当苯丙酸浓度达10.0 mmol/L时,稳定态活力下降2/3,迟滞时间从100 s延长到140 s;苯丙酸对二酚酶活力的抑制也显爪浓度效应,抑制效果更为显著,引起酶活力下降50％的抑制剂浓度(IC50)为2.05 mmol/L,苯丙酸对二酚酶活力的抑制显示可逆的效应,抑制类型为混合型,抑制常数(KI和KIS)分别为1.570和3.070 mmol/L.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.