有约束条件的二分图的（g,f）—因子

设Ｇ是一个图，ｇ，ｆ是定义在Ｖ（Ｇ）上的非负整数函数，如果对Ｇ中任意ｎ个顶点的集合Ｄ，Ｇ－Ｄ有（ｇ，ｆｄ）－因子，则称Ｇ是（ｇ，ｆ，ｎ）－可消去图。本文给出了二分图Ｇ是（ｇ，ｆ，ｎ）－可消去图的一个充要条件，并且研究了（ｇ，ｆ，ｎ）－可消去图的一些性质。     

关于（1,f）—奇因子的一些新结果

设Ｇ是一个简单图，ｆ：Ｖ（Ｇ）→（１，３，５．．．．），如何对Ｇ的任意ｎ对集Ｍ，Ｇ－Ｖ（Ｍ）有一个（１，ｆ）－奇因子，则称图Ｇ存在ｎ－可扩充的（１，ｆ）－奇因子，本文主要对ｎ－可扩充图成立的一些结果进行了改进，证明了这些结果在有ｎ－可扩充的（１，ｆ）－奇因子的图中也成立。     

关于（1，f）－奇因子的一些新结果

设Ｇ是一个简单图，ｆ：Ｖ（Ｇ）→｛１，３，５，…｝，如果对Ｇ的任意ｎ对集Ｍ，Ｇ—Ｖ（Ｍ）有一个（１，ｆ）一奇因子，则称图Ｇ存在ｎ－可扩充的（１，ｆ）一奇因子．本文主要对ｎ－可扩充图成立的一些结果进行了改进，证明了这些结果在有ｎ－可扩充的（１，ｆ）一奇因子的困中也成立．     

二分图的与星正交的（g,f）—因子分解

设ｇ和ｆ是定义在二分图Ｇ的顶点集Ｖ（Ｇ）上的两个整数值函数且对每个ｘ∈Ｖ（Ｇ）有ｇ（ｘ）≤ｆ（ｘ）．证明了若Ｈ是二分图Ｇ的任一ｍ－星,则Ｇ有一个（ｇ,ｆ）－因子分解与Ｈ正交的充要条件是Ｇ为一个（ｍｇ,ｍｆ）－图．     

图的循环带宽的Harper型下界

设Ｇ为具有ｎ个顶点的图，Ｚｎ为模ｎ整数加群．从Ｇ的顶点集到Ｚｎ的任一双射ｆ称为Ｇ的一个循环标号．ｆ的循环带宽Ｂｃ（Ｇ，ｆ）定义为ｍａｘ（ｕ，ｖ）∈Ｅ（Ｇ）ｄ（ｆ（ｕ），ｆ（ｖ）），其中对任意ｘ，ｙ∈Ｚｎ，ｄ（ｘ，ｙ）＝ｍｉｎ｛｜ｘ－ｙ｜，ｎ－｜ｘ－ｙ｜｝．Ｇ的循环带宽Ｂｃ（Ｇ）是指对Ｇ的所有循环标号ｆ的循环带宽的最小值．借鉴关于带宽的已有结论，深入讨论循环带宽的Ｈａｒｐｅｒ型下界，所得结果将有助于确定一些特殊图的循环带宽     

2－连通简单MCD图边数的一个新的下界

设Ｇ是具有ｎ个顶点的２－连通简单ＭＣＤ图，ｆ２（ｎ）表示Ｇ的边数．本文证明了当ｎ≥８时，其中ｘｍ＝ｕｍ－２ｕｍ－５，ｕｍ是Ｆｉｂｏｎａｃｃｉ数．     

连通简单MCD图边数的一个新的下界

设Ｇ是具有ｎ个顶点的２－连通简单ＭＣＤ图，ｆ２（ｎ）表示Ｇ的边数．本文证明了当ｎ≥８时，其中ｘｍ＝ｕｍ－２ｕｍ－５，ｕｍ是Ｆｉｂｏｎａｃｃｉ数．     

K1,n—free图的f—因子

图Ｇ称为Ｋ１,ｎ－ｆｒｅｅ,若图Ｇ不包含同构于Ｋ１,ｎ的导出子图。设ｆ（ｘ）是定义在Ｖ（Ｇ）上的非负整数函数,Ｇ的一个支撑子图Ｆ称为Ｇ的一个ｆ－因子,若对任意的ｖ∈Ｖ（Ｇ）有ｄＦ（ｖ）＝ｆ（ｖ）,对Ｋ１,ｎ－ｆｒｅｅ图存在ｆ－因子涉及到最小度条件进行了研究,得到了一个充分条件。有关定理为本定理的特例。     

两类图的带宽和上界

设Ｇ是有ｎ个顶点的简单图．ｆ：Ｖ（Ｇ）→｛１,２,…,ｎ｝是双射。定义Ｓ（Ｇ）＝ｍｉｎＳｆ（Ｇ）,其中Ｓｆ（Ｇ）＝∑／∈Ｅ｜ｆ（ｕ）－ｆ（ｖ）｜,称Ｓ（Ｇ）为Ｇ的带宽和,得到了树及无三角形图的带宽和上界。     

图的循环带宽的Harper型下界

设Ｇ为具有ｎ个顶点的图，Ｚｎ为模ｎ整数加群。从Ｇ的顶点集到Ｚｎ的任一双射ｆ称为Ｇ的一个循环标号。ｆ的循环带宽Ｂｃ（Ｇ，ｆ）定义为ｍａｘｄ（ｆ（ｕ），ｆ（ｖ），其中对任意ｘ，ｙ∈Ｚｎ，ｄ（ｘ，ｙ）＝ｍｉｎ｛｜ｘ－ｙ｜，ｎ－｜ｘ－ｙ｜｝。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to