微电解法预处理木质素废水的实验研究

以人造板厂生产废水为实验对象,探讨利用微电解法处理木质素废水。结果表明在适当的条件下,微电解是一种有效的处理该类废水的方法,COD去除率可达89.2%。微电解处理时废水的pH对处理效果的影响最大,其次还有铁炭比和反应时间等。最佳反应条件为:进水pH值在3左右,最终出水pH值调为8～9,温度为室温,铁炭比为1:1(100ml废水用铁量为5g),反应的最适时间为40分钟。     

阿奇霉素废水铁炭微电解研究

阿奇霉素废水成分复杂,具有pH值高、色度深、COD高、BOD低、难降解的特点,采用铁炭微电解技术对阿奇霉素废水进行预处理,研究了各因素对其处理效果的影响。结果表明:在反应温度为25℃、铁炭质量比为3∶1、入水pH值为4、铁屑投加量为0.45g/L、反应时间为2.0h的条件下,COD的平均去除率达到53.21%。     

铁炭内电解法处理印染废水的研究

针对印染废水组分复杂、难以生物降解等问题,采用铁炭内电解法对其进行预处理.分析了铁炭质量比、废水pH值和反应时间对铁炭内电解法处理印染废水效果的影响.结果表明,在印染废水pH值为4、铁炭质量比为3.3及反应时间为100 min时,铁炭内电解法对高浓度印染废水的色度和CODCr的去除率分别达到82.0%和59.6%.     

微电解法处理中药废水色度的研究

依据微电解的基本原理,采用铁炭法对中药废水色度处理进行研究。考察了铁炭质量比、进水pH值和水力停留时间对去除效果的影响。实验结果在铁炭质量比为2∶1,进水pH为5.0,废水在微电解柱中的停留时间为120min时,色度去除效果最佳,去除率达到95%以上。     

铁碳微电解法预处理抗生素废水的影响因素

采用铁炭微电解法顸处理抗生素废水,研究了进水pH值、反应时间等因素对COD去除率的影响。结果表明:铁炭微电解法预处理制药废水最佳进水pH值为3,适宜的反应时间为120 min,在此条件下,COD去除率最高可达68.7%,为后续的生物处理提供了有利的条件。     

Fenton试剂处理拉开粉废水的影响因素

采用Fenton试剂对橡胶装置所排拉开粉废水进行了处理,探讨了pH值、H2O2加入量、反应时间及反应温度对废水BX去除率的影响。结果表明,在pH为3．0—3．5,30％H2O2加入量为7．5mL／L,反应时间1h,反应温度40-45℃条件下,BX总去除率可达80％以上。     

铁/炭微电解-Fenton氧化技术处理1,2,4酸生产废水

以6硝(6硝基1,2重氮氧基萘4磺酸)生产过程中产生的1,2,4酸废水作为研究对象,将铁/炭微电解和Fenton氧化技术结合进行废水处理,研究了微电解的pH值、反应时间、反应温度、铁炭质量比、活性炭用量的影响以及Fenton氧化的pH值和H2O2用量,并进行了处理工艺的经济性分析。通过单因素实验确定1,2,4酸废水处理的工艺条件为铁碳微电解的pH值为1时,铁碳质量比为3〖DK〗∶1,反应3 h,过滤,调pH值为3,添加废水体积2.5%的H2O2(质量分数为30%),反应1 h,电石渣调pH值7~8,过滤。该工艺对废水COD的去除率可提高到95%以上,废水处理成本5.4元/m3。     

硫酸烧渣处理含铬废水

含Cr^6＋废水的处理常采用化学还原法,成本较高。本文进行了硫酸烧渣处理含铬废水的实验,对硫酸烧渣的加入量和粒度、废水pH值、反应时间和反应温度对六价铬去除率的影响。实验表明,当含Cr^6＋废水的pH值为2～3时,硫酸烧渣加入量2．0g、反应时间35min、硫酸烧渣粒度0．076mm反应温度300℃时,硫酸烧渣对六价铬的去除率较高。     

粉煤灰在皂素废水处理中的应用

通过分析粉煤灰在不同的投加量、pH值和反应温度下,对皂素废水处理前后的COD和色度变化,得出粉煤灰处理皂素废水的最大COD去除率可达56．35％,此时的投加量为10g/L,pH值为7,反应温度为20℃。表明粉煤灰处理皂素废水能够达到一定效果,在生产生活中可以广泛应用。     

微波强化铁屑─焦炭处理活性艳红X-3B废水

以活性艳红X-3B为主要对象，在传统的内电解处理法的基础上，利用微波使铁炭床再生，强化处理染料废水，并初步探讨铁炭内电解和微波强化的作用机理。实验结果表明，在铁炭体积比为4：3，铁屑粒径为2-4mm，染液pH为5，反应时间为90min时，处理染料浓度为0．75g／L的染液，CODCr的去除率可达80％以上，脱色率也达99％。在最佳反应条件下研究微波对铁炭床的强化作用，结果显示原始的铁炭床可以重复使用4次以上，当处理效果有明显下降时，利用微波再生铁炭床2min，处理效果恢复，且还可继续使用两次，再次再生，铁炭仍有一定的处理效果。微波不仅加强了铁炭床的处理效果，还延长了铁炭床的使用周期。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with