4-甲基-1H-1,5-苯并二氮杂酮的形成机制及其四氢化物格氏反应的研究

本文研究了4-甲基-1H-1,5-苯并二氮杂酮的形成机制及有关化合物的相互转化关系,澄清了文献上一些不一致的报导。在此基础上,改进了它的合成方法,并通过它的氢化产物的格氏反应,制备了一些新的化合物。     

一种新的六氮杂异伍兹烷衍生物的合成与表征

为了探索六硝基六氮杂异伍兹烷(HNIW,CL-20)的硝化前体四乙酰基六氮杂异伍兹烷(TAIW)的反应性,以四乙酰基六氮杂异伍兹烷为原料,与甲醛进行胺醛缩合,生成一种新型六氮杂异伍兹烷衍生物:2,6,8,12-四乙酰基-14-氧杂-2,4,6,8,10,12-六氮杂五环[5.5.3.0.05,9.03,11]十五烷,并用元素分析,IR,1H NMR,13C NMR,MS对其结构进行了表征.     

桑德迈尔反应合成7-取代-1,3-二氢-5-苯基-2H-1,4-苯并二氮杂-2-酮

文章叙述了由7-氨基-1,3-二氢-5-苯基-2H-1,4-苯并二氮杂(艹卓)-2-酮通过桑德迈尔反应合成7位氯、溴、碘和氰基取代的相应化合物。其中7位氰基取代化合物是一个未见报导的新化合物。     

1H-1，5-苯并二氮杂卓的合成研究进展

摘要：1H-1,5-苯并二氮杂卓是一类具有重要生理活性和药理活性的七元杂环化合物．文章综述了近年来1H-1,5-苯并二氮杂卓的合成研究进展,包括催化剂法、固态合成法、微波辐射促进合成等．     

考尼伐坦关键中间体的合成新工艺研究

盐酸考尼伐坦是一种精氨酸加压素V1a和V2受体非肽类双重抑制剂,在治疗低钠血症时显示出良好的治疗效果。1,2,3,4-四氢-5H-苯并氮杂草-5-酮是合成盐酸考尼伐坦的关键中间体。以苯胺和4-溴丁酸乙酯为原料,经N-烷基化反应、氨基保护和水解反应得到4-(N-甲氧羰基苯胺基)丁酸,最后经傅克酰基化反应得到盐酸考尼伐坦关键中间体1-甲氧羰基-1,2,3,4-四氢-5H-苯并氮杂-5-酮。目标产物经质谱、~1H NMR和~(13)C NMR表征,结构正确。经过对工艺路线中的N-烷基化反应和傅克酰基化反应条件进行优化,使总收率达71%。改进后的工艺原料便宜易得,反应条件容易控制,更加适合工业化生产。     

新型含1,2,3-三唑基的1,5-苯并硫氮杂衍生物合成及表征

以4-(2-苯基-1,2,3-三唑-4-基)-1,5-苯并硫氮杂(2)为中间体,在三乙胺作用下,分别与氯代肟(3a～3d),氯代酯腙(4a～4c)发生1,3-偶极环加成,合成了一系列含有1,2,3-三唑的1,5苯并硫氮杂衍生物(5a～5d)和(7a～7c),产物具有较高的纯度和分离产率.化合物(5),(7)经IR,1H NMR,MS和元素分析确证.     

4-正丁基-3,4-二氢-1H-噻吩并[2,3-e][1,4]-二氮杂卓-2,5-二酮的合成

以氰基乙酸乙酯为起始原料,经4步反应得到目标化合物4-正丁基-3,4-二氢-1H-噻吩并[2,3-e][1,4]-二氮杂卓-2,5-二酮,反应条件温和,后处理简单.经红外、核磁分析,所得数据与其结构相吻合.     

新型吡唑并[3,4-b][1,5]苯二氮杂衍生物的合成

以5-氨基-1-芳基-1H-吡唑-4-甲腈为原料,在氢氧化锂催化下与邻氯硝基苯反应制得1-取代苯基-4-氰基-5-(2-硝基苯氨基)-1H-吡唑,然后经硝基还原和环合制得1-芳基-4-氨基-1,10-二氢吡唑并[3,4-b][1,5]苯二氮,最后与N-甲基哌嗪反应制得两个结构新颖的1-芳基-4-(4-甲基-1-哌嗪基)-1,10-二氢吡唑并[3,4-b][1,5]苯二氮杂衍生物.该合成方法操作简单,条件温和,收率较高.目标化合物结构经红外光谱、核磁共振氢谱和元素分析法表征.     

一个多用途吡咯烷类氮杂糖中间体的不对称合成

报道了多用途的吡咯烷类氮杂糖中间体6的不对称合成.起始原料(2R,3R,4S)-2-苄氧甲基-3,4-二苄氧基-5-氧代吡咯烷-1-羧酸叔丁酯(8)由手性合成砌块酒石酸酰亚胺7按照先前本实验室报道的方法经4步得到.活化的酰胺8经乙烯基加成、立体选择性还原、环化、氧化断裂双键成醛以及还原醛成醇等步骤得到了氮杂糖中间体(2R,3R,4R,5R)-2-羟甲基-3,4-二苄氧基-5-苄氧甲基吡咯烷-1-羧酸叔丁酯(6).从活化的酰胺8出发,经过5步反应,立体选择性地合成了氮杂糖中间体6,总产率46%.中间体6可用于多个吡咯烷类氮杂糖的合成.     

新型杂环化合物1,5-苯并二氮杂卓衍生物的合成

苯并二氮杂卓类化合物具有较强的药物、生物活性,对其的合成研究一直备受关注.文章通过中间体2-甲基-2,4-二芳基-2,3-二氢-1,5-苯并二氮杂卓（2a-2c）合成了一系列新杂环化合物5-甲基-1,3a,5,-三芳基-1,2,4-噁二唑并[4,5-d]1,5-苯并二氮杂卓（3a-3l）,所得产物具有较高的纯度和分离产率.化合物（3）经IR,1HNMR,MS,元素分析和单晶衍射确证.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Jane Eyre——A Feminist In The 19th Century

In the 19th century the society was controlled by men, and women were just appendants of them, they had not any rights and freedom. But Jane was an exception, she showed some characteristics of early feminist. Jane showed her characteristics of feminism in three aspects: rebellion, equality, and independence. These characteristics were helpful to her success, and feminism is the only way out for women of that time.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-