四维抛物型方程的高精度显式差分格式

文献[1]构造了一类对任意维抛物型方程都适用的绝对稳定的显式差分格式,但精度不高,截断误差阶仅为O(Δt2+Δx2),文献[2]构造了一族解四维抛物型方程的高精度显式差分格式,截断误差阶达O(Δt2+Δx4),但稳定性条件r<1/6又较为苛刻.我们对四维抛物型方程的初边值问题(区域和定解条件略) u t=a( 2u x2+ 2u y2+ 2u z2+ 2u w2),a>0使用待定参数法,构造了一个高精度的显式差分格式格式当1/8=r=aΔt/Δx2<1/2时稳定且收敛,截断误差阶为O(Δt2+Δx4).联合使用格式(1)、(2)则对任r<1/2就构成了一个稳定且收敛的截断误差阶为O(Δt2+Δx4)的显式差分…     

四阶抛物型方程的一族高精度恒稳的差分格式

对四阶抛物型方程 u t 2 u x4=0构造出一族截断误差阶为 O((Δt) 2 (Δx) 6)的三层隐式差分格式 .证明它是绝对稳定的 ,且可用追赶法求解 .数值例子表明 ,文中所提出的格式是有效的 ,理论分析与实际计算相吻合 .     

求解对流扩散方程的紧致二级四阶Runge-Kutta差分格式

将指数变换u(x,t)=p(x,t)exp(k2εx)应用于一维对流扩散方程,对空间变量x应用紧致差分格式,时间变量t采用二级四阶Runge-Kutta方法,提出了精度为o(τ4+h4)的绝对稳定的差分格式,讨论了稳定性.最后通过数值算例说明该格式的有效性.     

对流方程一族新的三层双参数高精度格式

对对流方程 ut=aux(其中 a为常数 ) ,构造一族新的含双参数高精度的三层差分格式 .当参数α=12 ,β=0时 ,得到一个双层格式 .这些格式对任意选取的非负参数都是绝对稳定的 ,其局部截断误差阶为 O((Δt) 2 (Δt) 2 (Δx) 2 (Δx) 6) .数值试验表明 ,所建立的差分格式是有效的 ,理论分析是正确的 .     

Schrdinger方程一族高精度恒稳差分格式

Schrodinger方程 u t=i 2 u x2,可构造一族含双参数的三层高精度隐式差分格式 当参数α =1/ 2,β =0时得到一个双层格式 证明该格式对任意非负参数α≥ 0,β≥ 0都是绝对稳定的,并且其截断误差阶为O(Δt2 +Δx4) 数值例子表明,文中所建立的差分格式是有效的,理论分析与实际计算相吻合     

欧式看跌期权定价问题的紧致有限差分格式

针对单个的Black-Scholes方程,提出一种紧致差分格式.首先,利用指数变换消去方程中的空间一阶导数;接着,在时间方向上采用CN格式,空间二阶导数采用四阶Padé逼近,构造精度为O(Δt~2+h~4)的紧致差分格式;然后,利用一种较为不同的离散能量法分析差分格式的稳定性和收敛性;最后,通过数值算例验证理论分析的有效性.     

Schrödinger方程一族高精度恒稳差分格式

Schrodinger方程((e)u)/((e)t)=I((e)2u)/((e)x2),可构造一族含双参数的三层高精度隐式差分格式.当参数α=1/2, β=0时得到一个双层格式.证明该格式对任意非负参数α≥0, β≥0都是绝对稳定的,并且其截断误差阶为O(Δt2+Δx4).数值例子表明,文中所建立的差分格式是有效的,理论分析与实际计算相吻合.     

Schr(o)dinger方程一族高精度恒稳差分格式

Schrodinger方程((e)u)/((e)t)=I((e)2u)/((e)x2),可构造一族含双参数的三层高精度隐式差分格式.当参数α=1/2, β=0时得到一个双层格式.证明该格式对任意非负参数α≥0, β≥0都是绝对稳定的,并且其截断误差阶为O(Δt2+Δx4).数值例子表明,文中所建立的差分格式是有效的,理论分析与实际计算相吻合.     

解高维热传导方程的一个新的高精度显格式

对4维热传导方程构造了一个高精度显式差分格式,格式的稳定性条件为r=Δt/Δx2≤5/176,截断误差阶达到O(Δt2+Δx4).     

解双曲方程的一种高精度加权差分格式

利用一阶微商的四阶精度紧致差分逼近公式,给出了解双曲方程精度为o[(1-2θ△t,△t2+△x4)]的一种新的加权差分格式,并通过Fourier方法讨论格式的稳定性,证明了当0≤θ≤1/2时,格式是无条件稳定的;当1/2≤θ≤1时,格式是不稳定的,最后通过数值试验说明了这种方法的有效性.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to