离子注入聚醚砜（PES）膜的介电频谱与红外光谱分析

用15keVAr^ 和N^ 注入纯PES膜和掺碘PES膜，掺碘PES样品离子注入后的介电谱表明，随注入剂量的增加，损耗峰秽向高频，损耗峰的高度下降。离子注入纯PES膜的介电损耗在(0～10)MHz内小于0．062，没有松驰特性，是制作布线的理想材料。红外光谱表明，离子注入引起PES膜结构变化。     

离子注入聚醚砜膜的光电特性研究

用15keV的N+或Ar+注入聚醚砜（PolyetherSulfone简称PES）薄膜,在D＝3×10（16）ions／cm2时,纯PES膜表面电导率提高了五个数量级,掺碘PES膜表面电导率提高了四个数量级。在D＝3×10(16)ions／cm2时,离子注入PES膜的表面电导率已达到半导体水平且在大气中非常稳定。离子注入引起PES膜先吸收率显著增加。     

桐油酰胺的合成及温敏性谱学研究

以桐油和二乙醇胺为主要原料,反应制备桐油酰胺.采用傅里叶变换红外光谱(FTIR)和拉曼光谱对桐油的结构进行表征,并进行了谱带归属;用傅里叶变温红外光谱(temperature-dependent FTIR)对合成产物的温敏性、谱带变化和双键变化进行了研究.结果表明:1630 cm~(-1)和991 cm~(-1)为桐油的红外和拉曼特征吸收峰;25～225℃范围内,桐油酰胺变温红外光谱在1737 cm~(-1)(—C=O—)处吸收峰的吸光度随着温度升高而逐渐增大;温度高于125℃,991 cm~(-1)处的—CH=CH_2键断裂,产物发生分解;找出了桐油酰胺应用的温度条件.     

亚硝基苯胲铵在金红石表面的吸附机制及其对浮选行为的影响

综合考虑矿物表面溶液化学,从亚硝基苯胲胺用量、Zeta电位、接触角试验、红外光谱测试及基团电负性理论计算的角度研究亚硝基苯胲胺在金红石表面的吸附行为。研究结果表明：当pH=6.8且亚硝基苯胲胺用量一定时,金红石浮选回收率可达到81.5%。金红石颗粒表面的Ti—O键断裂后,会造成表面的活性质点在水溶液中发生水化,从而生成羟基化合物Ti(OH)22+、Ti(OH)3+等,而吸附行为主要是与Ti(OH)3+作用的结果。亚硝基苯胲胺能够明显增强金红石表面的疏水性能,且在亚硝基苯胲胺的质量浓度为400 mg/L时,接触角最大,即疏水性最强。亚硝基苯胲胺与金红石表面活性质点发生键合,且与—N—O,—N=O官能团生成了含苯环的络合物;矿物与药剂上O和O键合的可能性最大,且稳定性最强,并生成含苯环的五元环络合物,从而使金红石疏水上浮。     

平朔气煤显微组分的结构特征

用van krevenlen方程求取了平朔气煤显微组分芳香度f_a等结构参数。探讨了镜质组、丝质组和稳定组三种显微组分f_a与C/H原予比的关系。用傅立叶变换红外光谱(FTIR)分析了显微组分的基本官能团。结果表明,各显微组分的f_a与C/H原予比之间有良好的线性关系:f_a=a_i+b_i(C/H)三种显微组分的基本化学结构官能团有所不同:稳定组中有较多的脂肪氢;存在有环烷类及较多的(—CH_2)_n—(n≥4)链烃结构,其中还具有羰基结构C=O和—CH_2—O—CH_3型醚键结构,也有部分[R—(?)—R]聚合体存在。镜质组中的氧主要以酚羟基形态存在,也有类似Ar—O—R的醚键结构。它与稳定组中的氧有着不同的存在形态。     

丁基膦酸单丁酯稀土络合物的振动光谱研究

用稀土氯化物与丁基膦酸二丁酯反应制备了标题络合物Ln(BBP)3(Ln=La,Eu,Yb),测量了络合物4 000~100 cm-1的红外光谱和1 500~100 cm-1的拉曼光谱,对其主要红外吸收和拉曼谱带进行了归属.指认151cm-1的红外吸收带为Ln—O键的伸缩振动带,1 138 cm-1的红外吸收和1 136 cm-1的拉曼谱带为PO2基团的反对称伸缩振动带(aνsPO2),1 088 cm-1的红外吸收谱带为PO2基团的对称伸缩振动带(sνPO2).提出了络合物的每个稀土离子与邻近的三个稀土离子通过双—O—P(C4H9)(O C4H9)—O—桥相连接,形成“双桥二十四元环”多聚网络结构的假设模型.Ln—O键基本上为离子键.     

磷对白云瓷力学和降解性能的影响

通过磷的引入调控白云瓷显微结构的形成,来提高白云瓷的抗弯强度及降解性能.采用X射线衍射(XRD)Rietveld全谱拟合、拉曼光谱、傅里叶红外光谱(FT-IR)、~(31)P魔角旋转核磁共振光谱(MAS-NMR)和扫描电子显微镜(SEM)等方法对样品的结构及性能进行表征.结果发现:掺P后白云瓷的玻璃相含量明显增加,且在玻璃相中形成了Si(Al)—O—P—O—Ca(Mg)的结构;该玻璃相的变化使得白云瓷粘结更紧密,抗弯强度从24.99 MPa提高到38.73 MPa;在酸性条件下,玻璃相中的P—O键容易水解,且P—O—Mg比P—O—Ca更优先被破坏,这加快了玻璃相的解体,使得白云瓷的降解性大幅提升.     

氧离子注入对氧化钒薄膜电学特性影响的研究

采用直流磁控溅射方法在Si3N4/Si衬底上淀积了一层55nm的氧化钒薄膜,随后对氧化钒薄膜分别进行不同剂量的O+和Ar+注入.O+具有非常强的化学活性,能够钝化各种电子材料中的缺陷状态,而Ar+作为一种惰性离子,主要是作为一种对比来研究离子轰击对氧化钒的影响.利用四探针测试设备、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、原子力显微镜(AFM)、拉曼分析(Raman)、傅里叶红外光谱分析(FTIR)、X射线光电子能谱分析(XPS)以及X射线衍射仪(XRD)等表征方法来分析离子注入前后氧化钒薄膜性质的变化.实验结果表明,低剂量的O+或Ar+注入都能够使氧化钒的电阻温度系数(TCR)值上升,TCR值分别达到了-2.57%/K或-2.51%/K.而高剂量的O+或Ar+注入反倒会使氧化钒的TCR值和方块电阻(Rsq)值急剧下降.分析发现低剂量O+注入前后薄膜的表面形貌和价键没有发生明显变化.研究表明低剂量O+注入后载流子跳跃导电的激活能上升了,从而导致TCR值上升.     

聚芳醚砜膜的研究

高性能聚芳醚砜(PES)能进行挤出、膜压加工，也可以通过浇铸、纺丝等制成膜和纤维．PES膜具有高熟稳定性、低的热膨胀系数，突出的耐水解稳定性、抗辐射，并具有韧性和易展延的机械性能．为了使PES膜具有易加工性和超过滤性能，必需合成分子量较高的PES，制膜级PES的比浓粘度应控制在0．45—0．65d／g，比标准级PES高些，它的玻璃化转变温度为230℃，比标准级PES更高，能在204℃负荷条件下长期使用．     

N离子注入金刚石膜方法合成的CN_x膜的成键结构

使用 N离子 (能量分别为 1 0 ke V,60 ke V)注入金刚石膜方法合成 CNx 膜 ,用 Raman光谱和 XPS光谱研究注入前后金刚石膜的成键结构 .结果表明 ,金刚石膜经 1 0 ke V N离子注入后 ,在 Raman光谱中出现一个较强的金刚石峰 (1 332 cm- 1)和一个弱的石墨峰 (G带 ,～ 1 550 cm- 1) .而 XPS N1s资料显示两个主峰分别位于～ 398.5e V和～ 40 0 .0 e V.金刚石膜经 60 ke V N离子注入后 ,N1s XPS光谱中的主峰位于～ 40 0 .0 e V;相应地 ,Raman光谱中的石墨峰变得较强 .通过比较 ,对注入样品的 XPS谱中 N1s的成键结构作如下归属 :～ 40 0 .0e V属于 sp2 C— N键 ;～ 398.5e V则属于 sp3C—N键 .     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Jane Eyre——A Feminist In The 19th Century

In the 19th century the society was controlled by men, and women were just appendants of them, they had not any rights and freedom. But Jane was an exception, she showed some characteristics of early feminist. Jane showed her characteristics of feminism in three aspects: rebellion, equality, and independence. These characteristics were helpful to her success, and feminism is the only way out for women of that time.     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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