多元线性模型回归系数的混合估计

本文采用混合估计β_(?)~*来估计多元线性模型中的回归系数β=Vec(B),证明了当多元线性模型随机误差阵向量化的协差阵已知时,混合估计B(?)~*的均方误差MSE小于β的LS估计β~*的MSE。     

变系数线性模型的影响分析

讨论了变系数线性模型中残差的性质,为了研究第i组数据点的影响,将变系数线性模型中参数估计与其所对应的数据删除模型中参数估计作比较,类似于线性模型.定义了Cook统计量.并使用假设检验思想来衡量这两种参数估计的差异,得出假设检验的F检验统计量,其与Cook统计量在衡量数据点的影响效果基本一致.     

有限样本条件下多元线性回归模型的最优解

将分析多元线性回归模型和求线性方程组的最优解统一起来．线性方程组的最优解基于欧式赋范空间最短距离．研究结果表明：在多元线性回归模型不存在多重共线性的情况下,得到的回归结果解和线性方程组的最优解相同．在多元线性回归模型存在多重共线性时,通过求线性方程组的最优解,可以得到统计意义上的线性无偏有效解,此时的最优解不满足渐近性和一致性条件．因此,利用线性方程组求最优解适用于多元线性回归模型在有限样本条件下的情况,多于大样本的情况不适用．     

关于二连通图中的最长圈

§1 符号及预备知识本文中提到的图论中最基本的概念,例如点、边、链、圈、子图、主子图等,均按一般图论书中的定义。文中的链(圈)指的是初等链(圈),图指的是简单图。图G的点集记作V(G),边集记作E(G),G中包含的最长圈的长度称为G的周长,记为c(G)。设(?)V(G),(?)V(G),(?)∩(?)=φ,Y是一条起点属于(?)而终点属于(?)的链,且V(Y)中别的点均不属于(?)∪(?),则称Y是一条(?)-(?)链,特别,当链长为1时,称为一条(?)-(?)边。若(?)={A},(?)={B},称Y为A-B链。设u∈V(G)。u在G中的邻域指的是这样的点集{u∈V(G)|uu∈E(G)},记作N(u)。如果Y是G的子图,我们将V(Y)导出的子图记为G(Y)。     

线性模型误差协方差阵的扰动对线性假设F检验显著水平的影响

讨论正态线性模型Y＝Xβ ε,ε-N(0,σ^2V)中关于参数β的假设检验问题H0：Hβ＝0。给出V≠kIn时通常的F检验显水平的上界和下界。     

矩阵损失下带约束多元线性模型回归系数可容许线性估计的特征

讨论矩阵损失下带约束多元线性模型中线性估计的可容许性问题,证明了约束条件下多元线性模型中线性估计KB的可容许性与约束条件下一元线性模型中线性估计Kβ的可容许性具有等价性;根据这一特征得出了多元线性模型中线性估计KB的估计LY是可容许估计的充要条件。     

多元线性回归模型参数的BC估计

考虑多元线性回归模型Y=XB+ε,其中E(Vec(ε))=0,Cov(Vec(ε))=V In,当设计阵X呈病态时,模型参数的LS估计不再是一个优良估计.为此,提出了一种有偏估计———BC估计.在均误差意义下,参数的BC估计优于它的LS估计,并证明了参数的BC估计是可容许线性估计.     

多元正态模型的线性不等式约束估计

研究含有不完全数据的多元正态模型参数在一般线性不等式约束下的极大似然估计问题;利用约束EM算法求得多元正态模型参数的迭代解,并证明了此解是一般线性不等式约束下的最优解.     

多元回归中因子分析和选择问题初步探讨

讨论了多元线性回归分析中因子选择存在的问题．建议在选择因子时，将Fa作为选择因子的门限值．而不作为假设检验的显著性界限．在逐步回归的基础上，提出以剩余标准差最小为准则的改进算法．文中计算了四例，全部取得最优因子．     

正态模型参数线性不等式约束估计的优化算法

研究含有不完全数据的多元正态模型参数在一般线性不等式约束下的极大似然估计问题;利用约束EM算法求得多元正态模型参数的迭代解,同时提出M-步的优化算法;并证明了此解是一般线性不等式约束下的最优解.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Jane Eyre——A Feminist In The 19th Century

In the 19th century the society was controlled by men, and women were just appendants of them, they had not any rights and freedom. But Jane was an exception, she showed some characteristics of early feminist. Jane showed her characteristics of feminism in three aspects: rebellion, equality, and independence. These characteristics were helpful to her success, and feminism is the only way out for women of that time.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-