含Fe-Mo-B预合金粉铁基合金的温压成形与液相烧结

研究了含Fe-Mo-B预合金粉的铁基合金的温压和液相烧结行为,分析了成形温度和压制压力对压坯密度的影响,对比了不同Fe-Mo-B预合金粉含量下烧结前后试样的密度和显微组织. 结果表明:与常温成形相比,温压能够明显提高压坯密度,在120℃时含10%和15.4% Fe-Mo-B预合金粉的压坯密度分别提高0.34g·cm-3和0.32g·cm-3;混合粉中加入一定量的Fe-Mo-B预合金粉,压坯烧结时可形成液相烧结,促进材料的致密化,密度最大可达7.49g·cm-3,其相对密度为97.74%,并可获得典型的贝氏体组织.     

Co质量分数对FeCuCo预合金粉烧结与力学性能的影响

采用共沉淀法制备Co质量分数分别为0,10%和20%的FeCuCo预合金粉,采用SEM,XRD和DSC对这3种合金粉进行微观结构表征、物相分析及热学性能分析,并测定不同配比的预合金粉烧结体的相对密度、洛氏硬度、抗弯强度及耐磨性等物理力学性能,同时研究不同预合金粉胎体对金刚石的包镶性能,采用SEM对不同烧结体断口形貌进行观察。研究结果表明:在烧结温度720～880℃范围内,随着烧结温度升高,FeCuCo预合金粉的相对密度、洛氏硬度和抗弯强度都整体呈先增加后减小的趋势;在相同温度下,随Co质量分数增加,FeCuCo预合金粉洛氏硬度和抗弯强度呈逐渐增加趋势,在840℃时,Co质量分数为20%的FeCuCo预合金粉烧结体的洛氏硬度和抗弯强度都达到最大值,分别为100.7和1 591 MPa,强度损失率η最小,为19.1%,即包镶金刚石的能力最强;在880℃时,Co质量分数为20%的FeCuCo预合金粉烧结体的耐磨性最强,50 N载荷下60 s时的平均磨损量为1.589 8 g。     

非晶态Ni-P合金粉体的脉冲放电制备及其催化性能

采用脉冲放电技术合成Ni-P合金粉体,研究了合金粉体的结构及其对高氯酸铵热分解的影响. 结果表明,非晶态Ni-P合金粉体是由微粒组成的团聚结构. 脉冲放电电压700、900和1100V对应的弦粒子数依次增大,粉体粒径依次减小,分别为350～500、250～400和150～300nm. Ni- -P合金粉体促进高氯酸铵的低温和高温热分解,与纯高氯酸铵相比,高氯酸铵和Ni- -P粉体混合物的第1放热峰(低温分解峰)温度降低幅度小于12℃,第2放热峰(高温分解峰)温度降低约53℃;合金粉体粒径减小,第1放热峰强度增强,第2放热峰强度减弱,低温分解失重从高氯酸铵的15.97%增加到42.78%,高温分解失重从81.62%降低到47.58%,高温分解结束时温度的降低幅度为26～43℃.     

钢铸件铬系合金耐磨表面合金化研究

本文利用真空密封原理,在铸型表面铺置干、散状铬系合金粉粒,系统地进行了钢铸件耐磨表面合金化的试验研究.合金化过程中基本上排除了传统工艺易于产生结合不好、气孔和夹渣等疵病的原因,从而稳定了合金化工艺过程,提高了合金化质量。试验表明,可以根据铸件使用性能要求,进行单元和多元铬系合金耐磨表而的合金设计,匹配适当的工艺参数,以获致良好的综合使用性能.     

工艺因素对灰铸铁中γ枝晶生长形貌的影响

试验研究了灰铸铁中γ枝晶的生长形貌及工艺因素的影响作用。发现γ枝晶按其生长形貌特征可分为外生柱状枝晶、发达等轴枝晶和短粗的不发达的内生等轴枝晶三种基本类型。浇注温度对枝晶生长形貌影响较为显著，高温浇注易获得外生柱状枝晶；接近初晶凝固温度浇注易获得内生等轴枝晶，１３００℃左右浇注易获得发达等轴枝晶，且其相应的抗拉强度最高．铸型条件主要影响枝晶数量、晶臂间距和次生晶臂长度。铁水用硅基孕育剂进行孕育处理，对γ枝晶的生长形貌影响不大。     

纳米W-Cu合金热压收缩动力学曲线特征

采用纳米W-Cu合金粉进行热压烧结,研究热压压力、热压气氛、钨粉粒度对热压烧结收缩动力学曲线的影响,观察和测定合金中钨晶粒的长大,测定部分力学性能.实验结果表明,采用纳米W-Cu合金粉在H2中热压烧结的方法可以在较高压力、很低的烧结温度下制成钨晶粒的超细晶粒W-Cu合金,其相对密度可达98.8%,高温500℃的力学性能远远超过常规W-Cu合金.     

旋转磁场对Al—Si合金结晶组织的影响

采用旋转磁场的方法对Al-Si合金浇注过程进行处理，改善其结晶组织，得出了不同全金成分、浇注温度、磁场强度、铸型温度等工艺参数在旋转磁场条件下对结晶组织的影响。     

机床导轨用含磷耐磨铸铁的研究

本文从铸造合金角度,用大量实验数据验证磷含量、碳当量、孕育、熔炼和孕育温度对普通机床导轨用含磷耐磨铸铁性能的影响;并指出含磷耐磨铸铁的耐磨性,除金属基体外更主要决定于磷共晶及石墨的含量、形状和分布。 本文根据实验数值并用理论分析了铸铁共晶团与磷共晶间的关系,指出其规律:凡是细化共晶团的因素,大都是细化磷共晶的因素,同时亦是形成A型石墨的因素,而有利于耐磨性能的提高。 为了细化共晶团,含磷耐磨铸铁必须具备一定的含磷量,碳当量,采用孕育处理且应孕育温度适宜(不宜过高);此外并指出采用双重孕育可能更为有利。 本文否定了习惯的看法:铸铁的耐磨性能与抗张强度,尤其是与硬度之间有直接比例的关系,提出应用综合性能来衡量铸铁的质量,并认为比强度、比硬度等指标有其实际意。 本研究确定了机床导轨含磷耐磨铸铁最适宜的化学成分及熔炼处理工艺,供生产参考。 铸铁成分为C≈3.0～3.3％;P≈0.5～0.7％;CE=3.8～4.0％;Mn=0.6～0.8％;S<0.12％(导轨壁厚约40～60毫米)。 熔炼处理工艺:过热温度1400～1480℃;孕育温度1380～1440℃;孕育剂数量0.6～0.8％硅铁(75％Si);浇注温度1300～1360℃。 本文还对微量合金化和摩擦对的硬度配比作了一定的探讨。     

超热老化对浇注式沥青混合料高温性能影响研究

浇注式沥青混合料拌合温度高达240℃,拌合时间超过45 min,该条件下浇注式沥青将发生严重的热氧老化,然而超热老化温度和老化时间对浇注式沥青混合料高温性能的影响规律报道较少。对此采用车辙试验对不同超热老化温度和老化时间的浇注式沥青混合料高温性能变化规律进行了研究。研究结果表明:动稳定度与超热老化温度高度相关,高温抗变形能力随超热老化温度升高而不断升高;动稳定度与超热老化时间具有较高的指数相关性,随着超热老化时间延长,动稳定度值呈先缓慢上升到快速上升趋势。在确保浇注式沥青混合料高温性能的同时,必须合理控制老化温度和老化时间,解决由于超热老化导致其抗疲劳开裂能力降低的问题。     

基于ProCAST的AlSi10Mg盘盖压铸工艺研究

本文以Al Si10Mg盘盖为例,运用压力铸造数值分析软件Pro CAST,对模具浇注系统进行了优化设计。结合正交试验综合考虑了模具温度,浇注温度和成型压力对铸件缩松缩孔的影响,最终确定最佳工艺参数分别为:模具温度为180℃、浇注温度为720℃、浇注压力为45 MPa。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Jane Eyre——A Feminist In The 19th Century

In the 19th century the society was controlled by men, and women were just appendants of them, they had not any rights and freedom. But Jane was an exception, she showed some characteristics of early feminist. Jane showed her characteristics of feminism in three aspects: rebellion, equality, and independence. These characteristics were helpful to her success, and feminism is the only way out for women of that time.     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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