非织造布组分配比微波检测法的研究

本文利用微波检测技术对非织造布的组分配比进行了测试研究。非织造布由不同配比的双组分(ES)纤维和蚕丝下脚料经混和,开松,梳理成网,并加热,熔融粘合而成。测试结果表明:微波谐振腔传感器检测电流示值与非织造布的配比关系曲线呈指数方程形式,指数值与组分配比呈良好的线性相关,同时,检测电流示值与非织造布强力也有一定程度的相关。     

非织造布力学性能的模拟用其应用探讨

对不同粉末粘结剂含量非织造布的研究表明:线性和非线性的简易三元件模型均能较好地描述非织造布的拉伸性能和应力松弛性能。根据模型的拟合参数计算和讨论提出了应用力学模型可以检验非织造布加工中纤维网粘结程度优劣的可能性。     

STUDIES ON THE CRIMP BEHAVIOR OF SIDE-BY-SIDE BICOMPONENT POLYAMIDE FIBERS

The supermolecular structure and mechanical properties as well as the crimp behavior of theside-by-side polyamide (PA 66-C710) fibers are studied by means of density gradient method,sonic measurement,X-ray,diffractometry,differential scanning calorimetry,crimp tester etc.fortheir as-spun fibers,drawn fibers,and boiling-water treated fibers.The effects of the processingand treatment conditions on the formation of the supermolecular structure and the crimp behaviorof the fibers are investigated and discussed in detail,also the crimp mechanism of the side-by-sidebicomponent fibers is proposed.From these results,it is shown that by adopting suitable spinningfinish,reasonable processing technology and optimal heat treatment conditions the side-by-sidebicomponent polyamide fibers with excellent crimp property,close to that of nylon texturizedstretch yarns,can be obtained.     

高膨松性非织造布的加工方法和产品性能的分析比较

本文对三利,不同粘合加固纤维网方法(乳液喷洒法,双组分低熔点纤维和热熔粉末粘合法)所制得的高膨松非织造布的性能进行了测试,并对各生产过程特点和产品性能逆行了比较。在高膨松性非织造布的体积密度范围内,有空气对流传热机理存在。导热系数随体积密度增加而降低,在单位面积重量相同条件下,膨松度高的非织造布。织物表现厚度大,虽然导热系数高,但织物传热量较低,其绝热保暖性好。     

热处理对二醋酯纤维拉伸性能的影响

采用干热和湿热两种条件处理二醋酯长丝（松弛和张紧状态）,分析处理温度、负荷和时间对纤维拉伸性能的影响.结果显示,经松弛干热处理后,二醋酯纤维的拉伸性能改善不明显;张紧干热处理中,纤维拉伸性能的改善主要取决于处理温度和负荷;松弛湿热处理后再经张紧干热处理,纤维的拉伸性能改善程度较相同条件下的单一张紧干热处理大.     

Changes in Structure and Properties of Soybean Protein/Poly （vinyl alcohol） Blended Fibers Subjected to Wet Heat Treatment

The properties of soybean protein/poly（vinyl alcohol） （SP/ PVA） blended fibers subjected to wet heat treatment in hot water were measured. The structure of fibers was investigated by scanning electron microscope （SEM）, Fourier transform infrared （FTIR） spectroscopy, wide-angle X-ray diffraction （WXD） and differential scanning calorimetry （DSC）. The results show that the wet heat treatment above 100℃ has a great influence on the properties and structure of SP/PVA blended fibers. After the wet heat treatment at high temperature, the fibers exhibit the severe shrinking and yellowing, the great decrease in breaking strength and adhesive aggregation. The fibers show a broader main X-ray diffraction peak with the disappearance of minor diffraction peaks, a double DSC melting behavior with the peak temperatures of 215 and 233℃, and a weaker intensity of crystallization-sensitive absorbance peak of PVA component at 1 142 cm^-1. Therefore it is concluded that the wet heat treatment above 100℃ leads to a change in the crystalline structure of fibers and the scission and degradation of PVA macromolecular chains.     

非织造医用敷料的研制

以棉、超吸水纤维和甲壳素纤维为原料,利用PHB良好的热塑性能,开发一种完全可降解的用即弃医用非织造敷料.产品主要应用在皮肤伤口,其优点是可减轻疼痛、创面止血、持久干燥.文章研究了纤网与PHB的混比、热轧温度以及轧辊转速对此复合材料性能的影响.结果表明:通过合理选择工艺参数,可提高医用非织造敷料的性能指标.     

Studies on Melt Spinning of Sheath-Core Bicomponent Fibers: Fundamental Equations on the Dynamics of Melt Spinning

An attempt was made to numerically compute the temperature profile within the melt spinning of sheath-core bicomponent fibers by deriving a set of simultaneous partial differential equations. The effects of acceleration, gravity, and air friction on the kinetics of the polymer were included and the upper-convected Maxwell model as the constitutive equation was adopted in this model. The sheath-core bicomponent fibers were partitioned into a serial of circular cross section and it is assumed that each circular cross section has a temperature gradient while conducting the equation of energy balance. A mathematical model was developed to describe the melt spinning of sheath-core bicomponent fibers.     

Simulation Model of Mechanical Properties of Point - Bonded Nonwovens

A computer model for studying the mechanical properties of point - bonded nonwovens is established. The simulation tensile curve of a nonwoven fabric may be obtained based on relaxation procedure when the mechanical properties of fibers, the arrangement of bond points in the fibrous web and specimen size are inputted into the computer. Relaxation method and relevant algorithms of computer simulation are described in detail. The validity of the model is also demonstrated.     

INFLUENCE OF PROCESSING PARAMETERS AND POWDER BINDER CONTENT ON PROPERTIES OF HIGH LOFT NONWOVEN FABRICS

In this paper, the influence of processing parameters and powder binder content was studied and analysed on the properties of high loft nonwoven fabrics mainly using statistical analysis method. The relationship between the bulkiness and the warmth retention property was also tested. The analytical results reveal that the increase of the powder content, heating temperature and pressure will affect the tensile strength of nonwovens. Moreover, there are interactions between these parameters. The compression properties only change a little for a powder binder content of 15％—20％. However, with the increase of the heating temperature and pressure, the bulkiness and compression rate will reduce significantly. For the bulk density of high loft nonwoven fabrics, there exists a heat transter mechanism of air convection, but the higher the bulkiness of nonwovens, the larger the thickness and the better the warmth retention property of nonwoven fabrics.     

Study on the Process Technology of PA6/PET Bicomponent Fiber

PA6/PET bicomponent fiber at different spinning speeds were produced. Influences of cross blowing, spinning speed, PA6 and PET component ratio, drawing condition etc. on the mechanical properties, heat shrinkage, orientation and crystallization of the fiber were investigated. Also the rules among these influencing parameters were obtained. The splitting property of the fiber and its influence on the textile processing are discussed, which offers a base for the production of PA6/ PET bicomponent fiber using splitting technology.     

Mechanical Design and Research on Process of Air Suction Drawing System of Spunbonded Nonwoven

The design guideline for the air suction drawing system with auxiliary air was analyzed, a spunbonding nonwoven system named PADHL1 - 3200 was designed and polypropylene （PP） spunbonded nonwoven fabrics with excellent properties were achieved after many trial runs. On the other hand, the suction air velocity （VA） was calculated and the influence of VA on the bonding strengh of PP nonwoven fabrics was Studied as well. It was found that VA is 1.5 - 2.5 times of the spinning velocity. With the increase of VA, PP fibers become finer and the bonding strength of PP nonwoven fabrics increases as well.     

粉末型非织造布用粘合剂的开发及其性能

本文为开发非织造布用粉末型粘合剂对热塑性聚烯烃进行了接枝改性的分子设计和试验研究,试验结果表明:在一定量的接枝助剂和引发剂条件下,可用马来酸酐对聚烯烃高聚物进行共聚接枝,制得的粉末状改性聚烯烃聚合物具有熔点低,粘合力强的优点,可以作为粉末型非织造布的粘合剂。     

Influence of Processing Parameters on Properties of Needle punched Composite Geotextiles

The influence of the processing parameters on the properties of needle-punched composite geotextiles, compounded by polypropylene filament woven-fabrics and nonwoven fabrics is studied by using orthogonal design method. The relationship between tensile strength and peeling strength is discussed. The experimental results are offered as reference.     

热、湿及油剂条件对高强聚乙烯醇纤维强伸性能的影响

对经不同热、湿、油剂处理后高强聚乙烯酸(PVA)纤维的强伸性能进行研究.结果表明,热、湿及油剂对高强聚乙烯薛纤维的强伸性能有不同影响.经干热处理后,纤维的强伸性能变化不大,表现出良好的耐热性.但在水中,尤其在热水作用下,纤维的强伸性能明显下降.油剂对纤维强伸性能也有较大影响,尤其当温度达到160℃以上时,纤维的强伸性能下降显著.同时,这里试图通过纤维微细结构来讨论纤维强伸性能的这种变化.     

PA6/PTFE和PA66/PTFE的力学性能和熔融行为的实验研究

研究了PA6/PTFE和PA66/PTFE共混物的熔融过程的热学性能、动态力学性能和吸水前后的静态力学性能.结果表明:吸收水和PTFE对共混物静态拉伸性能和弯曲性能的影响不同.共混物弯曲性能受PTFE含量的影响不显著,受吸收水的影响较大;而共混物的拉伸性能受吸收水的影响较小,但PTFE的加入使共混物的断裂伸长率比纯PA的断裂伸长率严重降低.PA6/PTFE共混物的熔融温度随PTFE含量的增加而升高,熔融热却随PTFE含量的增加而降低.     

衣康酸酐与L-丙交酯共聚物的制备与性能研究

以衣康酸酐(IAn)和L-丙交酯(LLA)为单体、辛酸亚锡为催化剂,采用熔融开环聚合的方法合成一种新型的生物基聚乳酸共聚物(IAn-PLLA).用1 H-NMR、GPC、DSC、TGA、XRD、水降解测试表征共聚物的结构与性能.1 H-NMR结果表明,合成的共聚物为预期产物;DSC和TGA分析表明,随着IAn摩尔比增大,IAnPLLA的熔点和玻璃化转变温度降低,但仍有较好的热稳定性;磷酸盐缓冲溶液(pH=7.4)中的降解测试结果表明,随着衣康酸酐含量的增加,共聚酯的降解速率显著提高.     

Research on Flax Fiber Reinforced Polylactide Environmental Friendly Composite

Biodegradable polylactide acid （PLA） resin can be combined with flax fibers to produce biodegradable composite materials. In our study, commercial PLA fibers were mixed with flax fibers by a non-woven method so as to make non- woven pre-forms, which can be generated into flax fiber reinforced PLA environmental friendly composites by heat pressing technology. The tensile, flexural and impact properties are tested in order to evaluate the basic physical properties of the composites, and the influenced factors listed as making technology of the pre-forms, weight ratio of flax fibers and heat pressing technology are discussed and optimized, which can be described as weight ratio of flax fibers and PLA fibers is 50/50, heating temperature, time and pressure are respectively 195℃, 20 rain and 12.5 Mpa. Preliminary results show that mechanical properties of the flax/PLA composites are quite promising compared with flax/PP composites in coclrnon commercial automotive use. Scanning electron microscope （SEM） is used to analyze the tensile specimen fracture surfaces, which shows voids and gaps occurring between flax fibers and PLA matrix and sign of fiber pull.out, the strength of flax/PLA interface can be further improved.     

非织造布粘结剂含量和粘弹性模型参数的关系

对同一纤维网制成的不同粉末粘结荆含量非织造布的研究表明：简易三元件模型的参数和欧林模型的参数随着其粘结荆含量变化呈一定规律变化，且欧林模型的时间修正常数不变。根据模型的拟舍参数计算和讨论证明了应用力学模型可以检验非织造布加工中纤维网粘结程度的优劣。用MATLAB语言编写整套程序。     

高压下碳化钛热力学性质的第一性原理计算

碳化钛熔点高、硬度高、化学性能稳定性好,工业上主要用来制造金属陶瓷、耐热合金和硬质合金.采用平面波密度泛函理论广义梯度近似计算了碳化钛的弹性常数、晶格常数、体积模量,所得结果与实验和其它理论值相一致;通过准谐德拜模型预测了碳化钛的相对体积与压强,体积模量分别与压强和温度,热容与温度的变化关系,结果表明:温度对体积模量的影响远小于压强对体积模量的影响.该研究对碳化钛在高温高压下的应用具有指导意义.