CyclinE反义RNA抑制乳腺癌细胞增殖及P21wafl转录水平

利用反义RNA抑制基因表达的技术,发现cyclinE基因在表达受到抑制后,乳腺癌细胞增殖速率和致瘤性明显下降,结果还表明cyclinE基因的抑制,可使p21wafl的转录水平上升,由此说明cyclinE的异常与乳腺癌的发生有着密切的关系,在细胞周期调控上p21wafl的转录受到cyclinE表达水平的明显影响.     

卷柏属12种卷柏植物孢子的元素成分分析

利用反义ＲＮＡ抑制基因表达的技术,发现ｃｙｃｌｉｎＥ基因在表达受到抑制后,乳腺癌细胞增殖速率和致癌性明显下降,结果还表明ｃｙｃｌｉｎＥ基因的抑制,可使ｐ２１＾ｗａｆｌ的转录水平上升,由此说明ｃｙｃｌｉｎＥ的异常与乳腺癌的发生有着密切的关系,在细胞周期调控上ｐ２１＾ｗａｆｌ的转录受到ｃｙｃｌｉｎＥ表达水平的明显影响。     

P53亚细胞定位变化对POLD1基因启动子活性的影响

POLD1基因编码DNA聚合酶δ(polδ)的催化亚基.体外实验表明p53能够抑制POLD1基因启动子活性.文中探讨p53是否在细胞内直接与POLD1启动子结合调节POLD1基因表达.在瞬时转染pEGFP-p53重组质粒的人乳腺癌MCF7细胞中,p53表达增强;RT-PCR结果显示POLD1基因mRNA表达受到抑制.染色体免疫共沉淀和荧光素酶报告基因实验证明p53在细胞内与POLD1启动子直接结合抑制其启动子活性.荧光显微镜观察发现EGFP-p53在G1期进入细胞核而在S期和G2期则被转运至细胞质.在稳定表达的pEGFP-p53细胞系中,细胞周期同步化后POLD1启动子活性在细胞周期各时相均处于较低水平.证明了细胞内p53高表达后通过直接与POLD1启动子结合而抑制POLD1基因表达,且这种抑制作用不受细胞周期进程的影响.     

cdk2反义RNA对乳腺癌细胞增殖及致瘤性的抑制作用

为了研究cdk2对乳腺癌细胞生长及cyclinA,cyclinB1和ckdl（cdc2)mRNA表达水平的影响,利用直接表达载体p XJ41-neo构建了表达cdk2反义RNA的重组载体,并用此载体转染了人乳腺癌细胞系Bcap37,获得了ckd2受到抑制的细胞模型Bcap37-CDK2AS,然后将Bcap37-CDK2AS细胞的生长能力及cyclinA,cyclinB1和cdk1 mRNA折水平与转入空载体的对照细胞进行了对比分析,结果显示,cdk2表达受到抑制时,细胞生长速率下降,根据测定出的细胞生长曲线,细胞培养至第7天时,细胞生长抑制率为64％,在流式细胞术的分析结果中,G1期细胞中的百分比从39％增加到47％,S期细胞由51％下降到39％,裸鼠接种的实验表明,Bcap37－CDK2AS的致瘤性明显减弱,在对cyclinA,cyclinB1和cdk1mRNA折分析中发现,Bcap37－CDK2AS中这3种基因的mRAN水平均有不同程度的下降,依据这些结果可以推测,ckd2反义RNA可使乳腺癌细胞生长及致瘤性受到抑制,并且cdk2表达的抑制将cyclinA,cyclinB和cdk14的表达水平。     

灯盏乙素对乳腺癌细胞中lncRNAs表达的影响

检测灯盏乙素对乳腺癌MDA-MB-231细胞中的长链非编码RNA(LncRNAs)的相对表达量的影响,进一步探索灯盏乙素对肿瘤的作用机制.采用实时荧光定量PCR的方法,检测对照组与不同剂量组的灯盏乙素处理后的乳腺肿瘤细胞中lncRNAs MALAT1、NEAT1和p53基因mRNA的相对表达量,并观察细胞存活率.结果发现,灯盏乙素在低剂量(1、10、25μmol/L)时促进细胞增殖,而在高剂量50μmol/L以上时抑制细胞增殖.灯盏乙素在低剂量时使得乳腺癌MDA-MB-231细胞中MALAT1,NEAT1和p53基因的表达水平下降,而在100μmol/L的高剂量时MALAT1,NEAT1和p53基因的表达水平上升.灯盏乙素影响乳腺癌MDA-MB-231细胞中LncRNAs MALAT1和NEAT1基因以及p53基因的表达,并且存在剂量反应关系,低剂量与高剂量呈现出相反的表达量变化.     

T细胞蛋白p80调控c-Myc表达的机理

为了解p80在正常T细胞以及T细胞癌变过程中的作用,在缺失p80的T淋巴瘤细胞中重新表达p80,其结果显示:原癌基因c-Myc的表达受到显著抑制,且细胞周期在G1期出现了停滞.定量PCR的结果表明:p80对c-Myc表达的抑制是转录水平的抑制.双荧光素酶报告基因试验表明:p80对c-Myc的抑制作用定位于c-Myc启动子上相对于转录起始位点的-1042bp～-630bp区域.运用TFSEARCH软件对这一区域的分析发现存在多个c-Myb结合位点.在稳定表达p80的T淋巴癌细胞中敲低c-Myb,表明p80对c-Myc的转录抑制是通过c-Myb来实现的.免疫共沉淀实验表明p80和c-Myb在细胞中存在相互作用.进一步的研究显示p80对c-Myc的转录抑制依赖于组蛋白去乙酰化酶的活性.研究结果表明p80有可能通过与c-Myb的相互作用将组蛋白去乙酰化酶募集至c-Myc启动子区域,并通过组蛋白的去乙酰化抑制c-Myc的表达.     

P53亚细胞定位变化对POLD1基因启动子活性的影响

POLD1基因编码DNA聚合酶δ（pol δ）的催化亚基．体外实验表明p53能够抑制POLD1基因启动子活性．文中探讨p53是否在细胞内直接与POLD1启动子结合调节POLD1基因表达. 在瞬时转染pEGFP-p53重组质粒的人乳腺癌MCF7细胞中，p53表达增强; RT-PCR结果显示POLD1基因mRNA表达受到抑制． 染色体免疫共沉淀和荧光素酶报告基因实验证明p53在细胞内与POLD1启动子直接结合抑制其启动子活性．荧光显微镜观察发现EGFPp53在G1期进入细胞核而在S期和G2期则被转运至细胞质．在稳定表达的pEGFP-p53细胞系中，细胞周期同步化后POLD1启动子活性在细胞周期各时相均处于较低水平．证明了细胞内p53高表达后通过直接与POLD1启动子结合而抑制POLD1基因表达，且这种抑制作用不受细胞周期进程的影响．     

乳腺癌中hsa-miR-17-92基因簇及其旁系同源体的共调控作用

hsa-miR-17-92基因簇高度保守,可以作为抑癌基因抑制乳腺癌细胞的增殖.包括2个旁系同源体:miR-106a-363和miR-106b-25基因簇,其序列高度相似,可能通过调控共同靶基因而具有相似的功能.探讨3个基因簇转录的15条microRNA的序列特征,以及共调控靶基因在人类乳腺正常和癌细胞系中的表达;并进一步就显著差异表达基因进行GO和Pathway(KEGG)分析.结果表明,超过75%(178/236)的共调控靶基因表达具有显著差异性,这些基因可能与生物体的细胞代谢、转录后调控、生物合成等多种生物学过程有关,参与细胞周期,癌症等信号通路.分析发现乳腺特异基因PTPN4在乳腺癌中的低表达影响蛋白磷酸化水平和细胞周期,SMAD4、CCND1和E2F1作为与细胞周期相关基因在细胞的G1期起重要作用,它们的低表达阻止细胞从G1期进入S期,从而抑制癌细胞的生长,起到抑癌作用.特别是,一方面基因簇调控CCND1和E2F1使其低表达,另一方面它们作为转录因子结合到基因簇的启动子区诱导基因簇表达,从而形成负反馈调控循环调控下游基因表达.     

p53基因调控网络研究进展

肿瘤抑制基因p53表达的p53蛋白是一个通用转录因子,与其上、下游功能相关基因组成了一个复杂的基因调控网络,在这个基因网络中p53基因起着关键作用;DNA损伤、缺氧、原癌基因的激活等均能刺激p53基因表达;p53表达升高后,可通过p53-MDM2反馈环路与泛素系统等对p53表达水平进行精确调节;p53通过调控多种下游/靶基因表达完成多种生物学功能,主要包括阻滞细胞周期、促进细胞凋亡、维持基因组稳定性等;认识p53基因调控网络的功能有助于理解p53及其下游/靶基因间的具体作用机制。     

乳腺癌Jab1蛋白调控Nov基因的表达受甲基化水平影响

为探讨癌基因Jab1在乳腺癌发生发展中的功能,首先在乳腺癌细胞MDA231中建立了慢病毒介导的Jab1基因的表达干扰系统,并通过人基因表达谱芯片分析结果以及实时定量PCR实验筛选出受Jab1调控的下游基因;此外,通过实时定量PCR以及Western blot实验证实Jab1干扰表达能降低Nov基因在转录和翻译水平表达,而且Nov启动子区域存在4个高甲基化CpG位点.进一步使用甲基转移酶抑制剂处理Jab1干扰表达细胞,发现与未使用抑制剂处理细胞相比,Nov基因的mRNA和蛋白质表达水平发生明显上调,说明Jab1基因调控Nov表达受甲基化水平的影响,提示Jab1可能是通过表观遗传学水平调控Nov基因的表达.     

Effects of enhancing p21 waf1 on proliferation and expression of G1cyclins andCDKs in human breast cancer cells

The cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor p21( waf1/cip1/sdil) is an important negative regulator in control of cell cycle. Its functions of inhibiting cancer cell growth and its effects on expression of G1 phase cyclins and related CDKs are a worthy topic for study. The plasmid expressing p2l with high level was transformed to human breast cancer cells, and the expression of p2l in cells was enhanced, then the cell growth rate, anchorage-independent growth and tu-morigenecity were tested, at the same time the expression levels of cyclinD1, CDK4, cyclinE and CDK2 were analyzed by Northern blot. The results showed that since the expression of p21 was enhanced in the cell, the rate of cell growth and anchorage-independent growth was inhibited, tumorigenecity was suppressed, the level of expression of cyclinE and CDK2 decreased while that of cyclinDl and CDK4 was not affected. It is suggested that the enhanced expression of p21 markedly inhibits the proliferation and lessens the tumorigenecity of breast cancer cells, and that p2l expression is not related to that of cyclinDl and CDK4, but affects the expression of cyclinE and CDK2 .     

Effects of CDK4 antisense RNA on Human breast cancer cell proliferation and expression of cyclinD1, cyclinE and CDK2

The role of CDK4 in human breast cancer cell proliferation and expression of cyclinD1, cyclinE and CDK2 has been investigated using inhibition of CDK4 expression by antisense RNA. When CDK4 expression was inhibited, the rate of cell proliferation and tumorigenecity decreased apparently. This indicates that CDK4 plays an important role in formation and development of breast tumor. The results of Northern blot analysis showed that the levels of cyclinDl and CDK2 mRNAs changed slightly whereas the level of cyclinE mRNA decreased obviously. It is suggested that the expression of CDK4 is necessary for imction of cyclinE expression. Thus, inhibition of CDK4 expression affects not only the role of CDK4 itself but also the role of other genes.     

六亚甲基二乙酰胺对粘液表皮样癌细胞P21和P53基因的转录激活作用

为了研究分化诱导剂六亚甲基二乙酰胺（hexamethylene bisacetamide,HMBA)在体外诱导人粘液表皮样癌细胞（MEC－1）时P^21（cip1/waf1),P^53基因调控的机理，从而为临床治疗提供理论依据。选用0．002mol/L HMBA和0．001g/L5-FU对培养的MEC－1细胞外诱导72h，分别采用光镜，TUNEL染色，免疫组化，图像分析等方法进行凋亡细胞的检测及P^21(cip1/waf1),P^53表达的定量分析，结果表明HMBA诱导的MEC－1细胞P^21(cip1/waf1)表达强度显著高于对照组（P＜0．01），P^53的表达强度显著低于对照组（P＜0．01），提示HMBA通过激活转录因子P^21(cip1/waf1)，P^53的表达而发挥对粘液表皮样品部细胞诱导分化，促进凋亡的作用。     

Effects of CDK4 antisense RNA on Human breast cancer cell proliferation and expression of cyclinDl, cyclinE and CDK2

The role of CDK4 in human breast cancer cell proliferation and expression of cyclinD1, cy-clinE and CDK2 has been investigated using inhibition of CDK4 expression by antisense RNA. When CDK4 expression was inhibited, the rate of cell proliferation and tumorigenecity decreased apparently. This indicates that CDK4 plays an important role in formation and development of breast tumor. The results of Northern blot analysis showed that the levels of cyclinDl and CDK2 mRNAs changed slightly whereas the level of cyclinE mRNA decreased obviously. It is suggested that the expression of CDK4 is necessary for induction of cyclinE expression. Thus, inhibition of CDK4 expression affects not only the role of CDK4 itself but also the role of other genes.     

Degradation of the cyclin-dependent-kinase inhibitor p27Kip1 is instigated by Jab1

The proliferation of mammalian cells is under strict control, and the cyclin-dependent-kinase inhibitory protein p27Kip1 is an essential participant in this regulation both in vitro and in vivo. Although mutations in p27Kip1 are rarely found in human tumours, reduced expression of the protein correlates well with poor survival among patients with breast or colorectal carcinomas, suggesting that disruption of the p27Kip1 regulatory mechanisms contributes to neoplasia. The abundance of p27Kip1 in the cell is determined either at or after translation, for example as a result of phosphorylation by cyclinE/Cdk2 complexes, degradation by the ubiquitin/proteasome pathway, sequestration by unknown Myc-inducible proteins, binding to cyclinD/Cdk4 complexes, or inactivation by the viral E1A oncoprotein. We have found that a mouse 38K protein (p38) encoded by the Jab1 gene interacts specifically with p27Kip1 and show here that overexpression of p38 in mammalian cells causes the translocation of p27Kip1 from the nucleus to the cytoplasm, decreasing the amount of p27Kip1 in the cell by accelerating its degradation. Ectopic expression of p38 in mouse fibroblasts partially overcomes p27Kip1-mediated arrest in the G1 phase of the cell cycle and markedly reduces their dependence on serum. Our findings indicate that p38 functions as a negative regulator of p27Kip1 by promoting its degradation.     

PPARγ激动剂诱导HT-29凋亡及周期阻滞的作用

PPAR属于核受体超家族,与特异配体结合后调控一些基因的表达,这些受调控的基因涉及脂质的代谢,糖尿病以及肿瘤等多个方面.目的是研究PPAR γ激动剂罗格列酮诱导结肠癌细胞HT-29凋亡及细胞周期阻滞的作用,并对其机制做相应的探讨.试验结果显示,罗格列酮可诱导HT-29细胞发生凋亡,并阻滞细胞于G1期,此效果伴随着Bcl-2的表达降低,p21的表达升高.罗格列酮在升高PPAR γ表达的同时,也激活了细胞内ERK的传导通路.因此,罗格列酮是通过诱导结肠癌细胞凋亡及周期阻滞而发挥其抗肿瘤作用,此作用为PPAR γ依赖的,并且与激活ERK通路有关.这些研究结果提示PPAR γ有望成为结肠癌治疗的分子靶点.     

Effect of P15INK4b expression on the cell cycle and G1 phase related regulatory genes in human melanoma cells

Using the transfeetion teehnique. P15INK4b was introduced into P15INk4b gene deleted human melanoma A375 cells,and a cell model MLED6 overexpressing P15INK4b WAS CONSTRUCTED.Comparing with the control cells MLC2,MLEK6cells in G1phase increased by 11%,but those in Sphase decreased by 15%by FCM.By the method of thymidine(TdR)and N2O arresting,the proportions of synchronized Mphase cells of MLEK6 ana MLC23 were measured and found to be 89.1% and 76.8%respectively ,and the cells in G1phase were 74.3% for MLID6 AND 76. 4% forMLC2.The result of3 H-TdR incorporation indicated that the transition of G1/Sof MLEK6 cell was delayed 2h as compared with that of MLC2 cells,and incorporation rate also decreased.The observation on exprissions of some G1/ S-resates relatory rigusating genes showed that in MLIK6 cells the protein leves of P27KIPI increased with the decreasing expressions of cyclinD1,cyclinE and c-myc,especially cyclinD1 in late G1phade.The expression of cyclinE obviously decreased at G1/S transition ,and c-myc wad inhibited throughout all the process of G1 S phase.All the risults suggest that P15INK4b can delayG1/S transition of MLEK6 cells by inhibiting the cell cycle engine ,and by increasing the expression of Cdk ingibitor P27KIPI in different stages of G1 phase.     

p21基因在小鼠胚胎发育过程中的表达

以E9日龄至E14日龄昆明种正常小鼠胚胎为材料,利用质粒扩增的、地高辛标记的基因探针在组织切片上进行DNA-mRNA分子原位杂交,研究了p21基因在小鼠胚胎发育过程中的表达.结果表明:p21基因从E10日开始参与小鼠胚胎发育,其表达特异性随着胚胎发育进程逐渐增强,与它在细胞周期中的负调控作用相一致.p21基因表达强度较稳定,与其mRNA稳定有关.