带有灰色约束的二人有限零和博弈研究

基于灰色系统理论的思想提出了二人有限零和灰色博弈的概念,利用分析技巧,建立了博弈平衡解优序关系的确定方法.该方法与传统方法的不同之处在于,在灰色博弈模型中,考虑了博弈双方在选择自身的策略时受到了某个灰色不确定性约束.灰色博弈模型能更加客观地描述实际决策问题的本质属性,比传统的博弈模型具有更好的柔性.     

LPGP的漂移与定位解的满意度

针对灰参数线性规划（ＬＰＧＰ）求解中的困难，提出了ＬＰＧＰ定位求解的新思路及定位规划、理想模型、临界模型等新概念；研究了定位系数变化对定位规划最优解的影响以及定位最优值的变化范围；定义了定位规划的满意度和满意解．从而可将灰参数线性规划问题化为若干个一般线性规划问题，在一定程度上解决了灰参数线性规划求解与解的评价问题     

LPGP的漂移与定位解的满意度

针对灰参数线性规划（ＬＰＧＰ）求解中的困难，提出了ＬＰＧＰ定位求解的新思路及定位规划、理想模型、临界模型等新概念；研究了定位系数变化对定位规划最优解的影响以及定位最优值的变化范围；定义了定位规划的满意度和满意解。从而可将灰参数线性规划问题化为若干个一般线性规划问题，在一定程度上解决了灰参数线性规划求解与解的评价问题。     

基于有限零和灰色博弈的车道变换决策分析

车道变换决策阶段,由于驾驶人对距离和速度判断失误,极易造成擦挂和追尾事故.为了明确车道变换决策形成机制以及此过程中交通冲突的诱发机制,基于决策阶段车辆间的运动关系及驾驶期望等,限定边界条件,提出车道变换博弈的概念.引入具有混合策略的二人有限零和灰色博弈模型,推导模型算法.结合实际道路试验前提下车道变换博弈样本的筛选和数据处理分析,研究博弈双方驾驶人的策略选择和收益特性.结果表明,当车道变换对象车与目标车道后随车的交通冲突不可避免时,对象车的理想最优策略是减速等待,而目标车道后随车的理想最优策略是加速通过临界冲突点,可以有效地兼顾博弈双方安全性与行车时间的收益需求,达到整体最优.研究结果可为车道变换过程中交通冲突的形成机制和路权分配提供相应的理论支持.     

最优混合策略下一次性对策求解法

二人零和无鞍点对策在混合策略意义下都有解,但最优混合策略解不能指导一次性对策方案的选择。因此,提出用不定型或风险型决策理论指导选择方案,并结合算例给出求解的具体方法。     

多人微分对策Pareto最优解的最优均衡值算法

引入多人微分对策的最优均衡值和最优均衡解概念。在某种凸性条件下最优均衡解集是Pareto最优解的凸本质连通区域。利用最优均衡解将问题等价地转化为求解单目标最优控制问题。该方法可推广到求解局中人拥有不同权重的情形,为求解多人合作微分对策问题提供了一种简单的、新的途径。     

具有学习效应的寡头厂商重复博弈均衡分析

讨论一个有三位厂商参加的具有学习效应的重复博弈模型，厂商们在每一阶段决定各自产量和价格，使得累积利润最大化．在市场需求函数为非线性的条件下，引进带有学习曲线的成本函数，使得重复博弈模型更切合实际．接着把重复博弈转化成求解多阶段非线性规划问题，利用牛顿法进行求解全局垄断解；在阶段最优的基础上，求得参与者的阶段最优解；进而求得精炼子博弈纳什均衡解．最后比较分析这三种解和实验结果．     

两人交叉规划问题的最优整体差解

引进了两人交叉规划问题的一种最优解概念: t^* -最优整体差解,该解可以通过求解一个相应的数学规划问题得到。讨论了决策者具有不同让步值的t^* -最优整体差解,给出了两人交叉规划问题的t^* -最优整体差解和s-最优联合解之间的联系。数值例子表明该方法对于求解两人交叉规划问题具有一定的有效性。     

基于均值-方差随机微分博弈的再保险和投资

研究均值-方差准则下具有再保险和投资的随机微分博弈.保险公司的目标是在终值财富的均值等于k的限制下,选择一个策略使终值财富的方差最小.金融市场作为博弈的"虚拟手"目标是在终值财富的均值等于k的限制下,选择一个策略使终值财富的方差最大,也就是研究保险公司和金融市场之间的二人零和随机微分博弈.通过把原先基于均值-方差准则的随机微分博弈转化为一个辅助问题,应用线性-二次控制理论解决辅助问题,最终得到最优策略和有效边界的显式解.     

运输问题广义多重最优解探析

提出了运输问题多重最优解、狭义多重最优解及广义多重最优解的概念．将运输问题的多重最优解进一步划分为有限多重最优解和无限多重最优解两种情况，并分别给出了判定定理．最后给出了一个应用例子．     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.