洗毛用头状丝孢酵母产脂肪酶发酵条件研究

为了提高洗净毛质量,探索环境友好的洗毛方法,对头状丝孢酵母产脂肪酶的发酵条件进行研究,采用逐因子试验筛选出菌株Trichosporon capitatum的最佳碳源和氮源分别为可溶性淀粉、黄豆粉和(NH4)2SO4。其最优发酵条件为:培养基初始pH 6.5、接种量2%、250 mL三角瓶中最佳装液量30 mL、发酵温度28℃、发酵产酶转速160 r/min、诱导剂橄榄油5 g/L、表面活性剂吐温-80 1.5 g/L。     

红曲霉液态发酵产洛伐他汀条件的研究

对红曲霉GM026产洛伐他汀的液态发酵培养基成分和发酵条件进行了研究,结果表明,最佳培养基组成:甘油9%,大豆粉0.75%,NaNO30.2%,MgSO4.7H2O 0.05%,KH2PO40.15%;最佳发酵条件:培养温度26℃,初始pH=5.0,接种量7%,250 mL三角瓶装液量为50 mL,摇床转速170 rad/min。在上述条件下,发酵培养14 d,洛伐他汀产量达到375.853 mg/L.     

干酪乳杆菌产L-乳酸发酵条件的研究

通过单因子实验和正交试验确定干酪乳杆菌突变菌株LAB3的最佳培养基和最佳培养条件,优化该菌株的生长条件.优化发酵培养基为(g/L):蔗糖120,玉米浆25,MgSO4.7H2O 0.3,MnSO4.4 H2O 0.01,FeSO4.7H2O 0.01,乙酸钠5,吐温80 1 mL.优化培养条件为:10%接种量,温度42℃,装液量50 mL/250 mL.静置培养72 h,一次性添加碳酸钙5%.在此优化基础上进行发酵,LAB3产乳酸量为85 g/L,产量较优化前提高了63%.     

安络小皮伞菌液体发酵条件的优化

以提高安络小皮伞菌生物量为目的,通过单因素实验和正交优化实验对安络小皮伞菌液体发酵条件进行优化.结果表明,液体发酵最佳培养基为:玉米粉30g/L,麸皮30g/L,MgSO41g/L,KH2PO43g/L,VB110mg/L.最佳发酵条件为:培养基初始pH为5,装液量为90mL/250mL三角瓶,接种量为9%,25℃下150r/min摇床发酵培养6d.在此发酵条件下,安络小皮伞菌丝体产量达5.88g/L,比优化前产量提高了44.47%,优化后菌丝体产量显著增加.     

鲍肠道益生菌芽孢杆菌A3440菌株培养基及发酵条件优化

对一株来自于杂色鲍(Haliotis diversicolor)肠道并经证实具有显著促进其生长及免疫活性的同温层芽孢杆菌(Bacillus stratosphericus)A3440菌株进行培养基及发酵条件的优化研究,为该益生菌应用于鲍及其他水产动物的健康养殖奠定基础.以细菌芽孢率和蛋白酶活力为检测指标,采用单因素试验和正交设计试验优化发酵培养基组分及发酵条件.结果显示,该菌最佳发酵配方为:蛋白胨7g/L,酵母膏7g/L,NaCl 20g/L,CaCl20.20g/L;最佳发酵条件为:初始pH 9.0,培养温度30℃,种子液接种量8%,装液量30 mL(250 mL锥形瓶),培养时间24h.优化后芽孢率为94.3%,较基础培养基提高8.77%;蛋白酶活力为294.44U/mL,较基础培养基提高76.67%.     

假单胞交替菌BYS-2产褐藻胶裂解酶条件研究

以褐藻酸钠作为初筛培养基的唯一碳源,从鲍鱼养殖水样中分离获得一株产褐藻胶裂解酶的假单胞交替菌BYS-2。对该菌株进行产酶条件研究,获得最适产酶配方(w/v)为：褐藻酸钠0.1%,葡萄糖0.05%,酵母膏1%,黄豆饼粉0.3%,(NH4)2HPO4 0.3%,初始培养基pH8.0;最佳产酶条件为：接种量2%(v/v),装液量50mL/250mL,发酵温度20℃,摇床转速200 r/min,在此条件下发酵24h酶活力可达5.29U/mL,比优化前(1.57 U/mL)提高2.37倍。     

桑肠杆菌VL4-3转化阿魏酸生产香兰素

对能转化阿魏酸生成香兰素的一株桑肠杆菌VL4-3的发酵培养基、发酵培养条件、种子培养基和种子培养条件进行优化.确定了液体发酵的最佳培养基:麸皮10g/L,豆粕1g/L,氯化钠0.5g/L,硫酸亚铁0.5g/L,pH=8;最佳发酵培养条件:接种量10%,摇瓶装液量10%,阿魏酸最大加入量10g/L,37℃,100r/min,避光培养12d;最佳种子培养基:牛肉膏蛋白胨培养基;最佳种子培养条件:25℃,100r/min,24h.在上述优化发酵条件下,发酵液中香兰素最大浓度为2 262.43mg/L,最大转化率为28.87%.     

利用啤酒糟液体深层培养风尾菇产木聚糖酶的初步研究

研究了风尾菇（Pleurotus ostreatus）利用啤酒糟作为原料进行液态发酵产木聚糖酶的可行性.通过正交试验得出最佳的培养基配方.同时对不同发酵时间还原糖的减少和木聚糖酶活性的进行测定.培养基最佳配方：啤酒糟6 g,黄豆粉0.32 g,玉米粉2 g,糖10 g,pH值5.0.发酵的最佳时间为72 h,此时木聚糖酶的活性最大,为9.2 U/mL.     

重组大肠杆菌发酵生产β-葡聚糖酶工艺条件研究

通过对重组大肠杆菌JM109-pLF3摇瓶发酵生产β-1,3-1,4-葡聚糖酶工艺条件的研究,得出最佳培养条件为:温度39℃,摇床转速150 r/min,培养基装量20 mL/250 mL,培养基初始pH 6.7,种子培养时间16 h,接种量1%.在最佳培养条件下,发酵30 h酶活力达到最大值481.41 U/mL.最优条件下摇瓶恒速补加氮源对酶活的提高贡献较大,且适当提高流加量对促进产酶效果更明显,酶活力可达628.30 U/mL,为初始时的2.1倍.     

槭菌刺孢发酵产红色素培养基及发酵条件的优化

采用单因子试验和正交试验,对菌株槭菌刺孢(Mycocentrospore acerina)的发酵培养基进行优化,得到最佳发酵培养基配方为:蔗糖6%,黄豆粉2.26%,(NH4)2SO40.16%,CaCO30.45%,NaCl 0.19%;最佳发酵条件为20℃,100r/min,起始pH值为7.0,在250mL的三角瓶中加入优化发酵培养基50mL,发酵培养240h;在发酵过程中,不必补加各成分,其原始培养基成分已足够整个发酵过程中产色素的需要.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to