ClSnoRNA,水稻中的一种新的核仁小分子RNA

通过计算机分析国际分子生物学数据库和ｃＤＮＡ序列分析等方法，在水稻中发现一种新的核仁小分子ＲＮＡ：ＣｌＳｎｏＲＮＡ。该ＲＮＡ具有ｂｏｘＣ，ｂｏｘＤ和末端碱基配对区等典型的核仁小分子ＲＮＡ结构特征；并有１４个核苷酸与水稻１８ｓｒＲＮＡ中一段保守序列互补。     

酿酒酵母中一种新的反义snoRNA分子的鉴定

核仁小分子ＲＮＡ（ｓｎｏＲＮＡ）是一类在真核生物核糖体生物合成过程中起重要作用的小分子ＲＮＡ．通过计算机直接分析国际分子生物学数据库及ＲＮＡ杂交分析、ｃＤＮＡ序列测定等方法,在酿酒酵母（Ｓａｃｈａｒｏｍｙｃｅｓｃｅｒｅｖｉｓｉａｅ）中发现和鉴定了１个新的ｓｎｏＲＮＡ－Ｚ６ｓｎｏＲＮＡ．该ｓｎｏＲＮＡ长１０９个核苷酸,由位于酿酒酵母第１３号染色体上的１个独立基因编码．Ｚ６ｓｎｏＲＮＡ含有ｂｏｘＣ（ＵＧＡＵＧＡ）、ｂｏｘＤ（ＣＵＧＡ）等保守的结构元素,属于反义ｓｎｏＲＮＡ家族,即分子中有１段１１个核苷酸的片段与２５ＳｒＲＮＡ中１段保守核心序列互补,该ｓｎｏＲＮＡ片段连同其下游的ｂｏｘＤ共同指导与其互补的ｒＲＮＡ序列第２１９５位胞苷酸的２’－氧－核糖的甲基化．     

Z7 snoRNA：酿酒酵母中一种新的核仁小分子RNA

通过计算机分析国际分子生物学数据库和分子杂交等方法，在酿酒酵母中发现了一种新的核仁小分子ＲＮＡ：Ｚ７ ｓｎｏＲＮＡ。该ｓｎｏＲＮＡ具有ｂｏｘ Ｃ和ｂｏｘ Ｄ等结构元素，并有１４个核苷酸与１８Ｓ ｒＲＮＡ中的一段保守序列互补，属于典型的以核酸序列指导大分子ｒＲＮＡ甲基化的ｓｎｏＲＮＡ类型。Ｚ７ ｓｎｏＲＮＡ指导酿酒酵母１Ｓ ｒＲＮＡ中第５７８位的尿嘧啶核苷酸的核糖甲基化。Ｚ７ ｓｎｏＲＮＡ长８８个核     

哺乳动物核仁蛋白基因编码多个内含子snoRNA

核仁小分子ＲＮＡ（ｓｎｏＲＮＡ）是真核生物核糖体合成中一类重要的调控分子,广泛地存在于酵母和哺乳动物中．ｓｎｏＲＮＡ基因组织具有高度的多样性．在哺乳动物中,除Ｕ３、Ｕ８、Ｕ１３和７－２／ＭＲＰＲＮＡ是独立转录之外,其它ｓｎｏＲＮＡ都是由宿主基因（ｈｏｓｔｇｅｎｅ）内含子编码的［１］．目前已发现多种类型的宿主基因如核糖体蛋白基因,热激蛋白基因（ｈｓｃ７０）,细胞周期调控蛋白基因（ＲＣＣ１）以及一些转录和翻译起始因子基因等．本文报道通过对人、小白鼠（Ｍｕｓｍｕｓｃｕｌｕｓ）和大鼠（Ｒａｔｔｕｓｎｏｒ…     

水稻Hsp70基因第一个内含子中snoRNA基因簇的保守性及分布特点

对水稻、野生稻和茭白Ｈｓｐ７０基因第一个内含子进行ＰＣＲ分析及部分序列测定，分析结果表明植物Ｈｓｐ７０基因内含子编码多个ｓｎｏＲＮＡ的基因组织具有一定的保守性和分布范围，揭示了植物内含子编码的ｓｎｏＲＮＡ在进化过程中具有比脊椎动物和酵母更加丰富的多样性和移动性．     

酵母snoRNA基因簇启动子的比较分析

报道对酿酒酵母ｓｎｏＲＮＡ基因簇启动子序列的研究结果．通过计算机分析,发现酿酒酵母中Ｚ２Ｚ８和ＳｎＲ１９０Ｕ１４ｓｎｏＲＮＡ基因簇有相似的启动子结构．这两个ｓｎｏＲＮＡ基因簇都是由一个上游的启动子负责整个基因簇的转录,产生多个顺反子ｓｎｏＲＮＡ的前体,然后再加工成熟为各个独立的ｓｎｏＲＮＡ．在启动子保守序列ＴＡＴＡｂｏｘ的上游还发现２个ＲＡＰ１序列,表明ｓｎｏＲＮＡ基因簇的表达可以通过ＲＡＰ１元素与核糖体蛋白基因的表达协同调控．这是在ｓｎｏＲＮＡ基因的启动子中首次发现ＲＡＰ１调控元素．对ｓｎｏＲＮＡ基因簇的进化特点也进行了讨论．     

水稻Hsp70基因第一个内含子中snoRNA基因簇的保守性及分布 …

对水稻,野生稻和茭白Ｈｓｐ７０基因第一个内含子进行ＰＣＲ分析及部分序列测定,分析结果表明植物Ｈｓｐ７０基因内含子编码多个ｓｎｏＲＮＡ的基因组织具有一定的保守性和分布范围,揭示了植物内含子编码的ｓｎｏＲＮＡ在进化过程中具有比脊椎动物和酵母更加丰富的多样性和移动性。     

电镜原位杂交对淡水三角头涡虫中期染色体RNA的研究

本文用ＲＮａｓｅ－ｇｏｌｄ标记法定位了淡水三角头涡虫中期染色体内ＲＮＡ，发现ＲＮＡ在染色单体切面内部及边缘均有分布。此外，以玉米１８ｓｒＲＮＡ的ｃＤＮＡ和水稻５ｓｒＲＮＡ的ＤＮＡ为探针，经电镜原位杂交后观察了涡虫１８ｓｒＲＮＡ（也包括４５ｓｐｒｅ－ｒＲＮＡ）及５ｓｒＲＮＡ在中期染色单体切面上的分布特点，证明涡虫染色单体边缘及内部ＲＮＡ的两个来源是核仁核糖体ＲＮＡ和核基质内的５ｓｒＲＮＡ。     

粟酒裂殖酵母Z15 snoRNA的鉴定及结构与功能分析

运用计算机及实验的方法,在粟酒裂酵母（Ｓｃｈｉｚｏｓａｃｃｈａｒｏｍｙｃｅｓ ｐｏｍｂｅ）中发现和鉴定了一个新的,结构特殊的ｓｎｏＲＮＡ－Ｚ１５。该ｓｎｏＲＮＡ由一个独立转录的基因编码,位于酵母２号染色体上,Ｚ１５长达９２个核苷酸,属于反义ｓｎｏＲＮＡ家族,它除了具有典型的ｂｏｘＣ／Ｄ结构元素和末端配对区外,还含有分别与酿酒酵母Ｚ１５和Ｚ２相同的两个反义序列,反映了粟酒裂残酵母Ｚ１５ｓｎｏＲＮＡ基     

水稻花发育相关MADS-box基因的克隆

以水稻幼穗总ＲＮＡ为模板,利用３′－ＲＡＣＥ克隆了８个接近于全长的水稻ＭＡＤＳ－ｂｏｘ 基因的ｃＤＮＡ．在ＧｅｎＢａｎｋ 的数据库中查询表明,其中２个ＦＤＲＭＡＤＳ１,ＦＤＲＭＡＤＳ２分别与已报道的水稻ＭＡＤＳ－ｂｏｘ 基因Ｏｓ－ＭＡＤＳ５和ＯｓＭＡＤＳ４５有极高的同源性,另外６个为新的尚未见报道的水稻ＭＡＤＳ－ｂｏｘ 基因．系统进化树分析表明ＦＤＲＭＡＤＳ１,ＦＤＲＭＡＤＳ２和ＦＤＲＭＡＤＳ４可能与Ｃ组基因的功能相关;ＦＤＲＭＡＤＳ３,ＦＤＲＭＡＤＳ６和ＦＤＲ－ＭＡＤＳ７可能与Ａ 组基因的功能相关     

Identification and functional analysis of 23 novel box C／D snoRNAs from Oryza sativa

In a cDNA library generated from rice small nuclear RNAs,30box C/D small nucleolar RNAs (snoRNAs) were identiffied through preliminary screen.Except 7 known snoRNAs such as U14,all snoRNAs were identified in rice for the first time experimentally.Among the 23 novel snoRNAs,11 snoRNAs appear rice-specific,6 snoRNAs are unique to plants,the remaining 6 snoRNAs have their counterparts in both Arabidopsis and yeast or mammals according to the conserved antisense sequencs that guide 2‘-O-ribose methylation of rRNA,17 of the 23 novel snoRNAs were predicted to guide 24 2‘‘-O-ribose methylations at the specificsites of rice 5.8S,18S,25S rRNAs,among which 19 methylated sites were determined by primer extension at low dNTP concentrations.The remaining 6 snoRNAs devoid of rRNA antisense elements may represent novel snoRNA species in rice.The results show that constructing a cDNA library from small nuclear RNAs is an effective experimental approach for novel snoRNA is identification.The novel snoRNAs are important in elucidating the genomic organization and expression of plant snoRNA genes and the mechanism through which 2‘‘-O-ribose methylations took place in rRNAs.     

Two closely linked rice U14 boxC/D snoRNAs

By analysis of the conserved elements in yeast U14 boxC/D snoRNA. the conserved elements in rice U14 boxC/D snoRNA have been speculated. Through computer search of the international rice genome database, two rice U14 snoRNA gene candidates are obtained. These two putative U14 snoRNA genes are closely linked on rice chromosome 2. The coding sequences of these two snoR-NAs exhibit the hallmark structure of boxC/D antisense snoRNA. They both have conserved boxC and boxD sequences and a 14nt-long complement to the sequence between 414nt and 427nt of rice 18S rRNA (according to GenBank accession no. X00755). The experimental evidence shows that these two snoRNAs are involved in the methylation of the complementary sequence of rice 18S rRNA. The existence and localization of these two snoRNAs are proved by RT-PCR and Northern blot. Further analysis shows that both of the newly found rice snoRNAs have high homology with maize U14 snoRNA. and they are named rice U14.1 snoRNA and U14.2 snoRNA respectively. The gene sequence encoding these two snoRNAs has been deposited in the GenBank database under accession number of AF332622.     

一株拮抗稻瘟病内生霉菌OsiSh-10的筛选与鉴定

从湖南浏阳大围山种植的湘矮早7号水稻中,筛选到一株对水稻稻瘟病菌有显著抑制效果的水稻内生放线菌OsiSh-10菌株.由拮抗菌包覆种子和喷晒水稻叶面的实验表明将该菌喷晒于水稻叶面可以对叶瘟起到明显的控制效果,且喷一次的效果比喷两次的效果好,包覆种子反而使病情指数升高.根据形态特征、培养特征、生理生化、16s rRNA序列比对及进化树构建鉴定OsiSh-10菌株属于白色链霉菌(Streptomyces albus).OsiSh-10是一株具有稻瘟病生防潜力的菌株.     

Z25, a novel intronic snoRNA encoded in mammalian nucleolin gene

A novel intronic small nucleolar RNA ( snoRNA) , termed Z25, was identified from mammals by-computer analysis and experimental sequence methods. Z25 is a 69 nucleotides long RNA containing typical boxC/D motifs, terminal stem and an 11-nucleotide sequence complementary to 18S rRNA. In theory, Z25 functions as an RNA guide for the 2'-0-ribose methylation of adenine at position 1678 (human 18S rRNA coordinate) in 18S rRNA. Z25 snoRNA gene was found to be located in the fifth intron of nucleolin gene of human, mouse and rat, demonstrating that the mammalian nucleoline gene is a host gene encoding multiple snoRNAs.     

Overexpression of glutamine synthetases confers transgenic rice herbicide resistance

Glutamine synthetase (GS, E.C.6.3.1.2) is a key enzyme involved in the assimilation of inorganic nitrogen in higher plants and gram-negative microorganisms. GS is the targeting enzyme of a herbicide phosphinothricin (PPT) or Basta. In order to generate PPT-resistant transgenic rice via overexpression of GS, we constructed a plant expression vector p2GS harboring two different isoenzymes GS1 and GS2 cDNAs under the control of constitutive promoters of rice Act1 and maize Ubiquitin(Ubi) genes. The p2GS was introduced into rice genome by Agrobacterium-mediated transformation and confirmed by PCR and Southern blot hybridization. GS-transgene expression was first detected by Northern blot analyses. Results from Basta test indicated that GS-transgenic plants can tolerate as high as 0.3% Basta solution. In addition, our results also demonstrated that GS overexpression conferred transformed rice calli PPT resistance. Thus, GS cassette can serve as a selective marker gene instead of bar cassette for selection of PPT transformants.     

大黄鱼Hepcidin基因转录物的相对定量分析

以大黄鱼(Pseudosciaena crocea)管家基因18S rRNA和β-actin作为内参基因,分别比较2个内参基因建立的相对定量曲线,最终确立以18S rRNA为参比基因,定量分析大黄鱼的Hepcidin抗菌肽基因.该相对定量分析方法所得结果与Northern-blot方法一致.应用建立的Hepcidin基因的实时荧光相对定量研究方法,对大黄鱼头肾中的Hepcidin基因转录物进行相对定量,为今后开展鱼体内免疫相关基因的表达特性、诱导机制等工作奠定研究基础.同时,克隆得到的大黄鱼β-actin基因和18S rRNA基因片段已提交基因库,并获得登录号.     

Construction and characterization of a bacterial artificial chromosome library of rice 5460F

Thermo-sensitive genie male sterile (TGMS) rice has a number of desirable characteristics for hybrid rice production. Many studies have demonstrated that the sterility of TGMS rice is controlled by a single recessive gene. It has been mapped for the first time on chromosome 8 and namedtms 1. Several AFLP markers which tightly linked to thetms 1 gene have been identified recently. In order to develop a detailed physical map of thetms1 gene-encompassing region and finally clone thetms1 gene, a bacterial artificial chromosome (BAC) library of rice 5460F (the fertile mutant line of TGMS rice 5460S) using a modified vector pECBAC1 has been constructed. The constructed 5460F BAC library consists of 16 896 clones with an average insert size of 119 kb, which represents about 4.7 times rice haploid genome equivalents. Neither chloroplast nor mitochondrial DNA was detected from the library. The library was screened with three single copy sequence amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) markers which tightly linked totms1 gene as probes and eight positive clones were identified.