茶愈伤组织诱导的研究

以茶树苗的叶片和幼茎为外植体诱导愈伤组织,比较了不同激素组合对叶片和幼茎诱导愈伤组织的影响.结果表明,叶片和幼茎均能诱导愈伤组织,但幼茎的愈伤组织诱导率较高,叶片的愈伤组织诱导率较低.叶片、幼茎愈伤组织培养的较适培养基是MS 6-BA(0.4 mg/L) 2,4-D(2 mg/L).     

小麦幼茎组织培养中的植株再生

我们对小麦不同品种的幼穗幼茎在不同发育期,不同培养基上进行了2年的愈伤组织诱导及分化实验,并将幼茎与幼穗作了比较。二棱末期至小花分化期是幼穗及幼茎诱导愈伤组织的最适时期。不同品种对培养基的反应不一。不同时期的幼茎愈伤组织只有来源于二棱末期者能够在分化培养基上分化,其它时期者则不分化。品种间分化率差异较大。幼穗的一块愈伤组织可以分化多个苗,而幼茎的一块愈伤组织只发生一个苗。植株再生是通过器官发生的途径。     

蒙古黄芪的组织培养研究

对蒙古黄芪无菌苗的不同外植体(叶片、子叶、下胚轴)进行组织培养研究.结果表明:该三种外植体分别在MS BA2.0mg/L NAA2.0mg/L、LS BA2.0mg/L NAA0.1mg/L、MS BA2.0mg/L NAA2.0mg/L 培养基上的愈伤组织诱导率很高;在这三种外植体中,子叶和下胚轴所诱导的愈伤组织在继代培养基上能分化出芽;试管苗在1/2MS NAA5.0mg/L培养基上生根效果好.     

外源激素对龙葵愈伤组织形成和器官发生的影响

龙葵不同部位的外植体在愈伤组织形成过程中所需的外源激素浓度不同。茎尖外植体在附加6—BA0.1—2.0(mg/L)、NAA0.1—2.0(mg/L)的Ls培养基上可高频率地诱导出愈伤组织。培养基中只加6—BA(2.0mg/L)或NAA(2.5mg/L)一种外源激素也可诱导出愈伤组织,但诱导所需的时间较长。较高的6—BA浓度(2.0mg/L)有利于子叶外植体形成愈伤组织,较高的NAA(2.0mg/L)有利于胚轴形成愈伤组织。器官分化过程决定于诱导愈伤组织时培养基中的激素成分。     

激素质量浓度及不同培养方式对马铃薯愈伤组织的诱导

以马铃薯幼茎为供试材料,通过在液体和固体的MS培养基中分别添加植物激素NAA和6-BA,进行愈伤组织诱导.实验结果表明,无论激素是添加在液体培养基还是固体培养基中,愈伤组织诱导率都随着NAA质量浓度的增加先升高后降低,液体培养基中愈伤组织最佳诱导率是77.78%（NAA2.5 mg/L＋6-BA0.5mg/L）;固体培养基中愈伤组织最佳诱导率是100.00%（NAA3.5mg/L＋6-BA0.5mg/L）.并且,固体培养基中添加激素的诱导率普遍高于液体培养基中添加激素的诱导率,表明液体培养基中添加激素的方式不能提高马铃薯的愈伤组织诱导.6-BA对马铃薯愈伤组织的诱导影响没有NAA显著.本文还对马铃薯未分化愈伤组织及分化出不定根的愈伤组织进行扫描电镜观察.     

曼地亚红豆杉愈伤组织诱导研究

为研究曼地亚红豆杉愈伤组织的诱导最佳条件,以新生嫩茎为外植体筛选最佳的灭菌方案,以新生的幼茎和叶片为外植体筛选出诱导愈伤组织适宜的外植体和最佳的激素配比。结果表明：75%酒精处理30s＋0.1%HgC12处理12min灭菌效果最好;幼茎比叶片更适合愈伤组织诱导,在MS基础上,最佳的幼茎愈伤组织诱导激素配比为0.3mg.L-16-BA、1.0mg.L-1NAA、3.0mg.L-12,4-D,此时诱导率达到93.3%,愈伤组织生长质量好。     

虎杖愈伤组织的诱导及其白藜芦醇含量的变化

为了利用细胞工程开发虎杖悬浮细胞培养、积累白藜芦醇,必须探索虎杖松散型愈伤组织的培养基及其培养条件.以灭菌虎杖茎段、叶片、茎尖等为外植体,探讨9种激素组合在琼脂和珍珠岩固体培养基上诱导愈伤组织的出愈时间、出愈率、在继代培养中分化状况和白藜芦醇含量变化.结果表明:珍珠岩作为支撑物,诱导的愈伤组织比琼脂好;含有NAA或KT的培养基,诱导形成的愈伤组织在继代中均可分化;①号培养基(MS+2,4-D 4.0 mg/L+6-BA 2.0mg/L+3%蔗糖)对幼叶、茎段和茎尖等都有出愈时间早、出愈率高和愈伤组织生长速度快、松散,适宜于悬浮细胞的培养;愈伤组织白藜芦醇的含量与其外植体来源呈正相关,其中,由幼茎形成的愈伤组织白藜芦醇舍量(鲜重)最高,达到160 μg/g.     

不同外植体和激素对银杏愈伤组织诱导和生长的影响

以银杏胚的不同部位子叶、胚芽、胚轴、胚根为外植体,比较不同外源激素和培养条件对银杏愈伤组织诱导和继代培养的影响,结果表明子叶最易诱导愈伤组织,且在暗条件下诱导效果最好,2,4-D和队影响子叶的愈伤诱导能力;以茎段为外植体,发现生长素为茎段愈伤组织诱导所必需,且NAA诱导效果好于2,4-D;以叶片为外植体,发现生长素中的NAA诱导愈伤效果最好,雌雄叶的诱导能力相同.在愈伤组织生长过程中,NAA是子叶和茎段愈伤组织继代培养必需的,BA对茎段愈伤组织生长速.度无显著影响,但可使愈伤组织敛密,并有利于分化.MS 1 mg/LNAA 0.005 mg/LKT(或BA)的培养基对叶片愈伤组织生长最理想,雄叶愈伤生长较快,光照培养促进愈伤组织生长.     

两种补血草属植物愈伤组织诱导的比较

以黄花补血草和大叶补血草无菌苗叶片为外植体,采用不同激素配比诱导愈伤组织,并分化获得不定芽,以建立两种补血草无性系,为植株快繁和细胞悬浮培养提供理论依据.结果表明:以补血草无菌苗叶片为外植体进行愈伤组织诱导和分化,可实现补血草快速繁殖,黄花补血草愈伤组织的诱导和分化较大叶补血草的容易.黄花补血草最适愈伤组织诱导培养基为MS 6-BA(0.3～0.5 mg/L) NAA(1.0～2.0 mg/L),最适分化培养基为MS 6-BA(0.3～1.0 mg/L) NAA(0.5～1.0mg/L);大叶补血草最适愈伤组织诱导培养基为MS 6-BA(0.3～0.5 mg/L) NAA 2.0 mg/L,最适分化培养基为MS 6-BA 1.0 mg/L NAA 0.5 mg/L.     

特种工业用油料作物Lesquerella fendleri的愈伤组织诱导和植株再生

以Lesquerella fendleri下胚轴和子叶作为外植体,研究了不同的激素浓度和组合对于愈伤组织诱导和植株再生的影响．研究表明,L．fendleri下胚轴和子叶在许多激素组合的培养基上都能诱导出愈伤组织．当6-BA的浓度从0提高到1．0mg．L^-1,下胚轴的愈伤组织诱导频率也从35．14％提高到97．30％,进一步提高6-BA浓度会降低下胚轴的愈伤组织诱导频率;将NAA浓度从0提高到0．2mg．L^-1,下胚轴的愈伤组织诱导频率从70％提高到76．76％,进一步提高NAA浓度则降低下胚轴的愈伤组织诱导频率;将2,4-D的浓度从0提高到0．5mg．L^-1,下胚轴的愈伤组织诱导频率从64．29％提高到85．00％,进一步提高2,4-D浓度会降低下胚轴的愈伤组织诱导频率．当6-BA的浓度为0．5mg．L-时子叶的愈伤组织诱导频率最高,达到80．00％;提高NAA浓度可以提高子叶愈伤组织诱导频率,提高2,4-D浓度则会降低子叶的愈伤组织诱导频率．绝大多数愈伤组织在含有6-BA和NAA的MS培养基上都能够分化出许多不定芽．不定芽在MS基本培养基能够诱导生根,生根率在80％以上．     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with