二噻吩并吡咯基聚合物膜的合成及其电致变色性能研究

以噻吩并吡咯为主要结构单元,分别在侧链上键合不同基团,合成了4-(4H-二噻吩[3,2-b:2′3′-d]吡咯-4-苯基)-N,N-甲基胺(TPDA)、4-(4H-二噻吩[3,2-b:2′3′-d]吡咯-4-苯基)-N,N-二苯胺(TPPA)和4-(4-(9H-咔唑)苯基-4H-)二噻吩[3,2-b:2′3′-d]吡咯(CPTP)3种单体化合物.通过电化学聚合法,利用3种单体分别制备得到的聚合物薄膜均表现出良好的电化学性能.同步原位电化学-紫外可见吸收光谱联用测试结果表明,TPDA聚合物(PTPDA)薄膜在不同的外加电压下可以显示橘红色(0.0 V)到蓝色(1.0 V)的变换;TPPA聚合物(PTPPA)薄膜可在不同的电压下在浅黄色(0.0 V)、浅绿色(0.6 V)、紫色(1.0 V)和蓝色(1.3 V)之间进行切换;CPTP聚合物(PCPTP)薄膜可在黄色(0.0 V)、黄绿色(0.4 V)、绿色(0.6 V)和浅蓝色(0.8 V)之间变换.3种聚合物薄膜均显示出良好的响应时间,PTPDA为0.50和1.68 s(470 nm),PTPPA为1.41和0.44 s(650 nm),...     

胸苷酸合成酶抑制剂雷替曲塞的合成

以L-谷氨酸二乙酯为手性元,采用汇聚合成法分剐以2-氨基-5-甲基-苯甲酸为原料经环合、溴化制得2-甲基-6-溴甲基-3-氢-喹唑啉-4-酮(4),收率为69．1％;以2-噻吩甲醛为原料经硝化、氧化、酰氯化、缩合、还原及N-甲基化制得N—[5-(N-甲氨基)-2-噻吩甲酰基]-L-谷氨酸二乙酯(3),收率为25．4％;2-噻吩甲醛以硝酸-乙酸酐硝化后再经过氧化氢氧化制备5-硝基噻吩-2-甲酸,收率为62．2％;N-(5-氨基-噻吩-2-甲酰基)-L-谷氨酸二乙酯(10)的N-甲烷化反应中采用胺与碘甲烷摩尔比1：1．1,一次性加入碘甲烷,收率为79．9％。化合物3与化合物4缩合生成N—[5-[N—[(3,4-二氢-2-甲基-4-氧-6-喹唑啉基)-甲基]-N-甲氨基]-2-噻吩甲酰基]-L-谷氨酸二乙酯(2),继而水解即得目标化合物雷替曲塞(1),总收率为22．5％。其结构经红外光谱、核磁共振谱、高分辨质谱及元素分析确证。     

1-苯氧基乙酰基-3,5-二取代吡唑衍生物的合成

于固一液相转移催化条件下,以PEG-400为催化剂,通过苯酚与氯乙酸乙酯反应合成了苯氧基乙酸乙酯(Ⅰ).(Ⅰ)与85%的水合肼作用得到相应的酰肼(Ⅱ).(Ⅱ)分别与乙酰丙酮和2-噻吩甲酰三氟丙酮反应,得到1-苯氧基乙酰基-3,5-二甲基吡唑(Ⅲ)和1-苯氧基乙酰基-3-三氟甲基-5-(噻吩-2-基)吡唑(Ⅳ).产物结构通过元素分析和光谱鉴定已得到证实.     

二芳基乙烯类光致变色化合物的光物理化学性质

对合成的两种二芳基乙烯类光致变色化合物1,2-双(2-甲基-5-(4-N,N-二甲氨基苯基)噻吩-3-基)全氟环戊烯(1a)和1,2-双(2-甲基-5-萘基噻吩-3-基)全氟环戊烯(2a)进行了紫外-可见吸收光谱分析.实验结果表明:在254 nm紫外光照射下,1a和2a的乙醚溶液均由无色变为蓝色,最大吸收峰分别为608和552 nm.在适当波长可见光照射下,均从有色态返回到无色态.此外,运用时间分辨UV-Vis光谱考察了这两种二芳基乙烯类化合物在溶液中的光致变色反应的动力学特征.1a和2a的闭环反应为零级反应,对应的开环反应属于一级.     

α-(2,5-二甲基-3,4-二乙酰基吡咯基)萘的合成和晶体结构

在酸性介质中,3,4-二乙酰基-2,5-己二酮与萘胺作用,合成得到了α-(2,5-二甲基-3,4-二乙酰基吡咯基)萘,用IR,1H-NMR,MS,HRMS对其进行了表征,并用X射线衍射测定了α-(2,5-二甲基-3,4-二乙酰基吡咯基)萘的晶体结构.该晶体属三斜晶系,P-1空间群,晶体学数据为:a是0.804 5(1)nm,b是1.0018(1)nm,c是2.0757(2)nm,α是80.09(1)°,β是82.66(1)°,γ是83.81(1)°,V是1.628 1(3)nm3,Z是4,Mr是305.36,Dc是1.246×103kg/m3,μ(MoKα)是0.080mm-1,F(000)是648,在I＞2σ(Ⅰ)的独立可观测衍射点为3669个,最终偏差因子R是0.0406,WR是0.0962.     

2-噻吩磺酰胺与草酰氯反应的研究

本文研究了2-噻吩磺酰胺(Ⅰ)与草酰氯(Ⅱ)的反应,结果表明:无碱催化下(Ⅰ)与(Ⅱ)反应可生成2-噻吩磺酰异氯酸酯(Ⅲ),根据反应摩尔比的不同将同时生成N,N′-二-2-噻吩磺酰草酰胺(Ⅴ)或2-噻吩磺酰草氨酰氯(Ⅳ)。在吡啶催化下,反应主要生成N,N′-二-2-噻吩磺酰乙二酰脲(Ⅵ)或(Ⅲ)与2-噻吩磺酰氯(Ⅶ)的混合物;讨论了反应可能的机理;确定了用该反应合成2-噻吩磺酰异氰酸酯的较佳条件。     

1,4-二(5''-醛基噻吩基-2'')-2,5-二辛氧基苯的合成、表征及荧光性质

设计、合成了结构新颖的1,4-二(5'-醛基噻吩基-2')-2,5-二辛氧基苯,并对其结构进行了表征.应用钯催化剂以三丁基锡噻吩与取代的对-二溴苯(3)反应(Stille偶合)生成取代的苯基噻吩(4),产率达到95.2%.由于目标产物(5)本身具有多芳环共轭体系.其荧光效应相当强烈,在氯仿溶液中紫外-可见吸收(UV-vis)和荧光发射(PL)的最大波长分别为413 nm和477 nm,固态荧光发射(PL)波长为504 nm.     

N-(2-吡咯甲酰基)-α-氨基酸甲酯的合成

以2-吡咯甲酸为原料,经酰氯化反应生成2-吡咯甲酰氯（Ⅲ）,Ⅲ再与α-氨基酸甲酯（Ⅱ）在n（Ⅲ）：n（Ⅱ）=1：1,二氯甲烷为溶剂,室温反应4h,合成了3个N-（2-吡咯甲酰基）-α-氨基酸甲酯（Ⅰ）,摩尔收率为79．5％～95．6％．通过^1H NMR、^13C NMR、IR、MS和元素分析对其进行了表征。     

新型非甾体类孕酮受体调节剂的合成与表征

以2-氨基-5-溴苯乙酮为起始原料,经格氏加成,N,N-羰基二咪唑闭环,Suzuki偶联,氰基取代,硼氢化氧化和高温脱除叔丁氧羰基6步反应合成得到一种新的化合物5-(1-H-2,4-二氢-4-甲基-4-(3-羟基)-2-氧苯并[d][1,3]噁嗪-6-基)-1-H-吡咯-2-氰基,进而甲基化得到5-(1-H-2,4-二氢-4-甲基-4-(3-羟基)-2-氧苯并[d][1,3]噁嗪-6-基)-1-甲基-吡咯-2-氰基。采用核磁氢谱、红外、质谱测试技术,对各中间体及目标物的结构分别进行表征。分析了新合成的化合物吡咯环上N-甲基化反应的机理,结果表明,N,N-二甲基甲酰胺和固体无机碱碳酸钾的组合可以选择性地对吡咯环上的N进行甲基化。     

二苯并噻吩砜类化合物的合成和光学性能

采用Suzuki偶合、傅-克酰基化反应合成3种新化合物:(Ⅰ)3,7-双噻吩基二苯并噻吩砜、(Ⅱ)3,7-双(5-乙酰基噻吩)二苯并噻吩砜、(Ⅲ)3,7-双(对三氟甲基苯基)二苯并噻吩砜;并利用核磁共振氢谱(1H NMR)和碳谱(13C NMR)及元素分析方法表征结构,研究3化合物膜及溶液的光学性质。结果显示:新化合物分子具有C2对称性;3,7-双(5-乙酰基噻吩)二苯并噻吩砜在不同溶剂中存在溶剂化效应,其膜的荧光光谱出现非常明显的红移现象。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.