12例外阴上皮内瘤变患者的病理及临床分析

为了研究外阴上皮内瘤变患者的诊疗方法和进行疗效分析.总结厂12例VIN患者的临床资料,对其临床表现、HPV感染、病理、治疗方法复发等进行了分析,结果表明:12例VIN患者中,青年组(≤40岁)占41.7%,中老年组(＞40岁)占58.3%.HPV感染占41.7%,在青年组和老年组中分别为53.3%、46.7%.12例患者均行手术治疗,局部扩大切除术为25.0%,单纯局部切除术为75.0%.可见,VIN在年轻妇女中的患病有增加趋势,可能与HPV感染有关.治疗宜个体化,手术可采用局部扩大切除或单纯局部切除,同时应强调定期随访.     

温阳化浊通络方对系统性硬化病小鼠体内血管内皮生长因子、结缔组织生长因子与内皮素-1水平的影响

为探讨温阳化浊通络方对系统性硬化病(SSc)小鼠血清中VEGF、CTGF与ET-1水平的影响,运用ELISA法检测小鼠血清中VEGF、CTGF、ET-1的含量。将SPF级C3H/He小鼠75只,造模成功后随机分为正常组、PBS组、模型组。正常组为每天胃内灌注等量生理盐水;PBS组为PBS 0.1 mL/d,连续皮下注射3周,每天胃内灌注等量生理盐水;模型组为每天胃内灌注等量生理盐水;模型+温阳化浊通络方组为每天胃内灌注等量温阳化浊通络方煎;模型+XAV939组为每天给以XAV939(10mg/kg,i.p)。结果:模型+温阳化浊通络方组和模型+XAV939组精神恢复良好、体重增加、背部表皮较硬、出现少数毛囊,血清中VEGF、CTGF、ET-1的含量均有所下调,两组比较无统计学差异(P0.05);与模型组相比差异明显(P0.01)。说明温阳化浊通络方可调控SSc小鼠血清中VEGF、CTGF与ET-1的表达,改善皮肤纤维化的病理损伤,阻止纤维化进展。     

温阳化浊通络方对SSc小鼠体内VEGF、CTGF与ET-1水平的影响

摘要：目的：探讨温阳化浊通络方对系统性硬化病（SSc)小鼠血清中VEGF、CTGF与ET-1水平的影响。方法：运用 ELISA 法检测小鼠血清中VEGF、CTGF、ET-1的含量。将 SPF级C3H/He小鼠75只,造模成功后随机分为正常组、PBS组、模型组。正常组：每天胃内灌注等量生理盐水;PBS组：PBS 0.1 ml/d,连续皮下注射3周,每天胃内灌注等量生理盐水;模型组：每天胃内灌注等量生理盐水;模型+温阳化浊通络方组：每天胃内灌注等量温阳化浊通络方煎;模型+ XAV939组：每天给以XAV939（10mg/kg, i.p）。结果：模型+温阳化浊通络方组和模型+ XAV939组精神恢复良好,体重增加,背部表皮较硬、出现少数毛囊,血清中VEGF、CTGF、ET-1的含量均有所下调,两组比较无统计学差异（P＞0.05）;与模型组相比差异明显（P＜0.01）。结论：温阳化浊通络方可调控SSc小鼠血清中VEGF、CTGF与ET-1的表达,改善皮肤纤维化的病理损伤,阻止纤维化进展。     

缺氧预适应小鼠海马脑区VEGF蛋白表达增加

目的 观察重复低氧对小鼠海马组织内血管内皮生长因子(vascular endothelial growth factor,VEGF) 蛋白质表达的影响.方法 小鼠随机分为3组,分别暴露低氧0次(H0),1次(H1),4 次(H4)后取海马组织,应用 Western Blot 技术,检测小鼠海马组织内VEGF的蛋白表达变化.结果 实验发现,H0,H1和H4组海马组织内VEGF均表达,H1组与H0组之间没有差异,H4组显著升高（P<0.05,vs. H0 and H1）.结论 VEGF在急性低氧预适应小鼠海马组织表达增加可能参与预适应的形成及脑保护.     

Mizolastine（MIZ）对趾叶炎小鼠趾部组织VEGF表达的影响

用组织化学和免疫组化的染色方法对趾叶炎发生过程中正常组、造模组和低、中、高剂量治疗组小鼠趾部组织血管内皮生长因子（VEGF）表达水平、血管数量和肥大细胞及其脱颗粒的动态变化进行了研究.结果表明,造模组小鼠在免疫后14d,VEGF表达均达到一个峰值,而后表达开始减弱,21d后表达开始增强,均极显著高于同一时相的正常组（P〈0.01）.低、中、高剂量治疗组的VEGF表达均极显著低于同一时相造模组,其中,低剂量治疗组同一时相均极显著高于正常组（P〈0.01）,中剂量治疗组除免疫后前3个时相显著外（P〈0.05）,免疫后35d与正常组不显著（P〉0.05）,高剂量治疗组除免疫后14d显著外（P〈0.05）,其余各时相均与正常组不显著（P〉0.05）,治疗各组小鼠的VEGF表达水平随药物浓度的增大和免疫时间的延长而逐渐减弱;真皮内出现了许多增生的小动脉,管壁增厚,管腔内有血栓形成,且血管形成与肥大细胞及其脱颗粒的变化均与VEGF的表达趋势相吻合.Mizo-lastine（MIZ）可以显著抑制肥大细胞脱颗粒、VEGF的表达和血管形成.     

香烟烟雾联合脂多糖对气道炎症及衰老的影响

目的:观察熏烟联合脂多糖(LPS)对气道炎症及肺组织、上皮衰老的影响.方法:将C57雄性小鼠随机分为假熏烟联合假手术组,熏烟联合假手术组,假熏烟联合LPS组,熏烟联合LPS组,每天熏烟2次,3支/次,第28、42天小鼠气管内滴注LPS,实验7周后取材.结果:与假熏烟小鼠比较,熏烟小鼠体重下降明显(P0.05);与假熏烟联合假手术组小鼠对比,熏烟联合LPS组小鼠支气管灌洗液细胞总数和巨噬细胞计数明显增加(P0.05),气道灌洗液细胞过氧化物产出率明显增加(P0.05),肺组织中MMP12 mRNA和P21蛋白表达明显增加(P0.05).与假熏烟联合LPS组小鼠比较,熏烟联合LPS组小鼠肺组织IL-6 mRNA表达降低(P0.05),MMP12 mRNA表达升高(P0.05).香烟提取物(CSE)联合LPS处理的A549细胞β-gal阳性染色细胞数量高于空白组,CSE组和LPS组(P0.05).结论:香烟烟雾联合LPS气道滴注增加正常小鼠气道炎症和氧化应激,但增加水平低于单纯LPS滴注小鼠.香烟烟雾联合LPS增加气道细胞衰老和MMP12表达,且作用强于单纯LPS滴注.     

重复性经颅磁刺激对吗啡依赖小鼠条件性位置偏爱表达的影响

通过检测重复性经颅磁刺激（rTMS）对吗啡依赖小鼠条件性位置偏爱（CPP）表达的影响,探讨rTMS对吗啡依赖小鼠的治疗效应。30只雄性ICR小鼠随机分为对照组、CPP模型组和rTMS治疗组。CPP模型组与rTMS治疗组通过交替注射吗啡和生理盐水建立CPP模型;对照组皮下注射等量生理盐水替代吗啡。在成功建立CPP模型的基础上,rTMS治疗组采用频率为1Hz的低频脉冲磁场进行治疗,每天治疗15min,连续7d;CPP模型组进行假电磁刺激操作;对照组不作任何处理。在rTMS治疗后分别检测三组小鼠的CPP表达并进行比较。结果显示在rTMS治疗的前3d内,rTMS治疗组小鼠的CPP值显著低于CPP模型组（P < 0.01）,且维持在相对稳定的范围内。结果表明1Hz rTMS能有效抑制吗啡依赖小鼠的CPP表达,可能成为戒毒治疗的新方法。     

聚焦超声近场辐照内皮细胞前后的差异蛋白质组学研究

比较聚焦超声近场辐照内皮细胞前后蛋白质的差异,可为聚焦超声近场所致生物学效应提供依据.用聚焦超声近场辐照内皮细胞株HUECV304,通过聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳分离聚焦超声近场辐照与未辐照HUECV304细胞的蛋白质,切取差异蛋白质条带,采用液相色谱电喷雾离子阱串联质谱(LC-ESI-ITMS/MS)鉴定差异表达的蛋白质.LC-ESI-ITMS/MS识别相对分子量在(95～130)×103区域的2条差异条带中的7个差异表达蛋白质.Western印迹分析证实了肌动蛋白(Actin)在聚焦超声近场辐照与未辐照HUECV304细胞中的差异表达水平.7个差异表达蛋白质为进一步研究聚焦超声近场辐照内皮细胞所致生物学效应提供了线索.     

全身性过表达和表皮特异性过表达胸腺素β4小鼠皮肤中目的基因表达差异分析

胸腺素β4(Thymosinβ4,Tβ4)能够促进毛发生长.旨在构建CAG启动子指导的全身性过表达Tβ4小鼠(CTP小鼠)和角蛋白14(Keratin14,Krt14)启动子指导的表皮特异性过表达Tβ4小鼠(KTP小鼠),比较两种转基因小鼠模型的Tβ4表达情况,为进一步研究Tβ4对毛发生长的影响以及其作用机制奠定基础.首先构建CAG启动子指导的全身性过表达载体pODsRed-CTP,然后用pODsRed-CTP和Krt14启动子指导的pODsRed-KTP表达载体,通过原核注射技术制作转Tβ4基因小鼠.PCR鉴定得到CTP小鼠2只,阳性率1.6%;KTP小鼠4只,阳性率8%.通过Real-time PCR检测Tβ4基因mRNA水平表达量,结果显示Tβ4在CTP小鼠皮肤中mRNA水平表达量是对照小鼠的1.24和1.13倍,在KTP小鼠皮肤中mRNA水平表达量分别是对照小鼠的4.22、1.84、4.60和2.74倍.Western blotting检测Tβ4在蛋白水平的表达,发现CTP小鼠皮肤中Tβ4蛋白的表达量没有显著变化,而KTP小鼠皮肤中Tβ4蛋白表达水平显著升高.与CTP小鼠相比,KTP小鼠更适合作为Tβ4过表达小鼠模型,深入研究Tβ4对毛发的影响以及作用机制.     

空间环境对黑色素瘤B16细胞致瘤基因和蛋白质表达的影响

初步探讨了空间环境对黑色素瘤B16细胞致瘤基因和蛋白质表达的影响。选择经第20颗返回式卫星搭载的B16细胞,进行体外和体内实验后,筛选出性状变异明显的空间诱变B16细胞株,检测空间诱变B16细胞基因和蛋白质表达的变化。将筛选出的空间诱变B16细胞接种于C57BL/6小鼠,2周后,处死荷瘤小鼠,取出移植瘤,利用免疫组化方法,检测接种空间诱变B16细胞的荷瘤小鼠移植瘤细胞Melan-A和VEGF蛋白的表达情况;利用RT-PCR方法,检测蛋白质水平上表达变化明显的空间诱变B16细胞melan-a,gp100,bag-3和l-pgds基因的表达情况。与对照细胞相比,1株空间诱变B16细胞荷瘤小鼠移植瘤细胞Melan-A和VEGF蛋白表达明显增加,其他细胞2种蛋白质的表达无明显变化。RT-PCR结果显示:此株细胞的melan-a,gp100和l-pgds基因表达增加,bag-3基因表达降低。空间环境的复合因素可诱导B16细胞基因和蛋白质表达产生变化。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.